GitLab

Modify xfs_ifork_ptr to return a NULL pointer if the caller asks for the
attribute fork but i_forkoff is zero.  This eliminates the ambiguity
between i_forkoff and i_af.if_present, which should make it easier to
understand the lifetime of attr forks.

While we're at it, remove the if_present checks around calls to
xfs_idestroy_fork and xfs_ifork_zap_attr since they can both handle attr
forks that have already been torn down.
Signed-off-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>

Syzkaller reported a UAF bug a while back:

==================================================================
BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in xfs_ilock_attr_map_shared+0xe3/0xf6 fs/xfs/xfs_inode.c:127
Read of size 4 at addr ffff88802cec919c by task syz-executor262/2958

CPU: 2 PID: 2958 Comm: syz-executor262 Not tainted
5.15.0-0.30.3-20220406_1406 #3
Hardware name: Red Hat KVM, BIOS 1.13.0-2.module+el8.3.0+7860+a7792d29
04/01/2014
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:88 [inline]
 dump_stack_lvl+0x82/0xa9 lib/dump_stack.c:106
 print_address_description.constprop.9+0x21/0x2d5 mm/kasan/report.c:256
 __kasan_report mm/kasan/report.c:442 [inline]
 kasan_report.cold.14+0x7f/0x11b mm/kasan/report.c:459
 xfs_ilock_attr_map_shared+0xe3/0xf6 fs/xfs/xfs_inode.c:127
 xfs_attr_get+0x378/0x4c2 fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_attr.c:159
 xfs_xattr_get+0xe3/0x150 fs/xfs/xfs_xattr.c:36
 __vfs_getxattr+0xdf/0x13d fs/xattr.c:399
 cap_inode_need_killpriv+0x41/0x5d security/commoncap.c:300
 security_inode_need_killpriv+0x4c/0x97 security/security.c:1408
 dentry_needs_remove_privs.part.28+0x21/0x63 fs/inode.c:1912
 dentry_needs_remove_privs+0x80/0x9e fs/inode.c:1908
 do_truncate+0xc3/0x1e0 fs/open.c:56
 handle_truncate fs/namei.c:3084 [inline]
 do_open fs/namei.c:3432 [inline]
 path_openat+0x30ab/0x396d fs/namei.c:3561
 do_filp_open+0x1c4/0x290 fs/namei.c:3588
 do_sys_openat2+0x60d/0x98c fs/open.c:1212
 do_sys_open+0xcf/0x13c fs/open.c:1228
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0x3a/0x7e arch/x86/entry/common.c:80
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0x0
RIP: 0033:0x7f7ef4bb753d
Code: 00 c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 90 f3 0f 1e fa 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48
89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73
01 c3 48 8b 0d 1b 79 2c 00 f7 d8 64 89 01 48
RSP: 002b:00007f7ef52c2ed8 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000055
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000000000404148 RCX: 00007f7ef4bb753d
RDX: 00007f7ef4bb753d RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: 0000000020004fc0
RBP: 0000000000404140 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0030656c69662f2e
R13: 00007ffd794db37f R14: 00007ffd794db470 R15: 00007f7ef52c2fc0
 </TASK>

Allocated by task 2953:
 kasan_save_stack+0x19/0x38 mm/kasan/common.c:38
 kasan_set_track mm/kasan/common.c:46 [inline]
 set_alloc_info mm/kasan/common.c:434 [inline]
 __kasan_slab_alloc+0x68/0x7c mm/kasan/common.c:467
 kasan_slab_alloc include/linux/kasan.h:254 [inline]
 slab_post_alloc_hook mm/slab.h:519 [inline]
 slab_alloc_node mm/slub.c:3213 [inline]
 slab_alloc mm/slub.c:3221 [inline]
 kmem_cache_alloc+0x11b/0x3eb mm/slub.c:3226
 kmem_cache_zalloc include/linux/slab.h:711 [inline]
 xfs_ifork_alloc+0x25/0xa2 fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_inode_fork.c:287
 xfs_bmap_add_attrfork+0x3f2/0x9b1 fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_bmap.c:1098
 xfs_attr_set+0xe38/0x12a7 fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_attr.c:746
 xfs_xattr_set+0xeb/0x1a9 fs/xfs/xfs_xattr.c:59
 __vfs_setxattr+0x11b/0x177 fs/xattr.c:180
 __vfs_setxattr_noperm+0x128/0x5e0 fs/xattr.c:214
 __vfs_setxattr_locked+0x1d4/0x258 fs/xattr.c:275
 vfs_setxattr+0x154/0x33d fs/xattr.c:301
 setxattr+0x216/0x29f fs/xattr.c:575
 __do_sys_fsetxattr fs/xattr.c:632 [inline]
 __se_sys_fsetxattr fs/xattr.c:621 [inline]
 __x64_sys_fsetxattr+0x243/0x2fe fs/xattr.c:621
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0x3a/0x7e arch/x86/entry/common.c:80
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0x0

Freed by task 2949:
 kasan_save_stack+0x19/0x38 mm/kasan/common.c:38
 kasan_set_track+0x1c/0x21 mm/kasan/common.c:46
 kasan_set_free_info+0x20/0x30 mm/kasan/generic.c:360
 ____kasan_slab_free mm/kasan/common.c:366 [inline]
 ____kasan_slab_free mm/kasan/common.c:328 [inline]
 __kasan_slab_free+0xe2/0x10e mm/kasan/common.c:374
 kasan_slab_free include/linux/kasan.h:230 [inline]
 slab_free_hook mm/slub.c:1700 [inline]
 slab_free_freelist_hook mm/slub.c:1726 [inline]
 slab_free mm/slub.c:3492 [inline]
 kmem_cache_free+0xdc/0x3ce mm/slub.c:3508
 xfs_attr_fork_remove+0x8d/0x132 fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_attr_leaf.c:773
 xfs_attr_sf_removename+0x5dd/0x6cb fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_attr_leaf.c:822
 xfs_attr_remove_iter+0x68c/0x805 fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_attr.c:1413
 xfs_attr_remove_args+0xb1/0x10d fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_attr.c:684
 xfs_attr_set+0xf1e/0x12a7 fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_attr.c:802
 xfs_xattr_set+0xeb/0x1a9 fs/xfs/xfs_xattr.c:59
 __vfs_removexattr+0x106/0x16a fs/xattr.c:468
 cap_inode_killpriv+0x24/0x47 security/commoncap.c:324
 security_inode_killpriv+0x54/0xa1 security/security.c:1414
 setattr_prepare+0x1a6/0x897 fs/attr.c:146
 xfs_vn_change_ok+0x111/0x15e fs/xfs/xfs_iops.c:682
 xfs_vn_setattr_size+0x5f/0x15a fs/xfs/xfs_iops.c:1065
 xfs_vn_setattr+0x125/0x2ad fs/xfs/xfs_iops.c:1093
 notify_change+0xae5/0x10a1 fs/attr.c:410
 do_truncate+0x134/0x1e0 fs/open.c:64
 handle_truncate fs/namei.c:3084 [inline]
 do_open fs/namei.c:3432 [inline]
 path_openat+0x30ab/0x396d fs/namei.c:3561
 do_filp_open+0x1c4/0x290 fs/namei.c:3588
 do_sys_openat2+0x60d/0x98c fs/open.c:1212
 do_sys_open+0xcf/0x13c fs/open.c:1228
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0x3a/0x7e arch/x86/entry/common.c:80
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0x0

The buggy address belongs to the object at ffff88802cec9188
 which belongs to the cache xfs_ifork of size 40
The buggy address is located 20 bytes inside of
 40-byte region [ffff88802cec9188, ffff88802cec91b0)
The buggy address belongs to the page:
page:00000000c3af36a1 refcount:1 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000
index:0x0 pfn:0x2cec9
flags: 0xfffffc0000200(slab|node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x1fffff)
raw: 000fffffc0000200 ffffea00009d2580 0000000600000006 ffff88801a9ffc80
raw: 0000000000000000 0000000080490049 00000001ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: kasan: bad access detected

Memory state around the buggy address:
 ffff88802cec9080: fb fb fb fc fc fa fb fb fb fb fc fc fb fb fb fb
 ffff88802cec9100: fb fc fc fb fb fb fb fb fc fc fb fb fb fb fb fc
>ffff88802cec9180: fc fa fb fb fb fb fc fc fa fb fb fb fb fc fc fb
                            ^
 ffff88802cec9200: fb fb fb fb fc fc fb fb fb fb fb fc fc fb fb fb
 ffff88802cec9280: fb fb fc fc fa fb fb fb fb fc fc fa fb fb fb fb
==================================================================

The root cause of this bug is the unlocked access to xfs_inode.i_afp
from the getxattr code paths while trying to determine which ILOCK mode
to use to stabilize the xattr data.  Unfortunately, the VFS does not
acquire i_rwsem when vfs_getxattr (or listxattr) call into the
filesystem, which means that getxattr can race with a removexattr that's
tearing down the attr fork and crash:

xfs_attr_set:                          xfs_attr_get:
xfs_attr_fork_remove:                  xfs_ilock_attr_map_shared:

xfs_idestroy_fork(ip->i_afp);
kmem_cache_free(xfs_ifork_cache, ip->i_afp);

                                       if (ip->i_afp &&

ip->i_afp = NULL;

                                           xfs_need_iread_extents(ip->i_afp))
                                       <KABOOM>

ip->i_forkoff = 0;

Regrettably, the VFS is much more lax about i_rwsem and getxattr than
is immediately obvious -- not only does it not guarantee that we hold
i_rwsem, it actually doesn't guarantee that we *don't* hold it either.
The getxattr system call won't acquire the lock before calling XFS, but
the file capabilities code calls getxattr with and without i_rwsem held
to determine if the "security.capabilities" xattr is set on the file.

Fixing the VFS locking requires a treewide investigation into every code
path that could touch an xattr and what i_rwsem state it expects or sets
up.  That could take years or even prove impossible; fortunately, we
can fix this UAF problem inside XFS.

An earlier version of this patch used smp_wmb in xfs_attr_fork_remove to
ensure that i_forkoff is always zeroed before i_afp is set to null and
changed the read paths to use smp_rmb before accessing i_forkoff and
i_afp, which avoided these UAF problems.  However, the patch author was
too busy dealing with other problems in the meantime, and by the time he
came back to this issue, the situation had changed a bit.

On a modern system with selinux, each inode will always have at least
one xattr for the selinux label, so it doesn't make much sense to keep
incurring the extra pointer dereference.  Furthermore, Allison's
upcoming parent pointer patchset will also cause nearly every inode in
the filesystem to have extended attributes.  Therefore, make the inode
attribute fork structure part of struct xfs_inode, at a cost of 40 more
bytes.

This patch adds a clunky if_present field where necessary to maintain
the existing logic of xattr fork null pointer testing in the existing
codebase.  The next patch switches the logic over to XFS_IFORK_Q and it
all goes away.
Signed-off-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>

At line 1561, variable "state" is being compared
with NULL every loop iteration.

-------------------------------------------------------------------
1561	for (i = 0; state != NULL && i < state->path.active; i++) {
1562		xfs_trans_brelse(args->trans, state->path.blk[i].bp);
1563		state->path.blk[i].bp = NULL;
1564	}
-------------------------------------------------------------------

However, it cannot be NULL.

----------------------------------------
1546	state = xfs_da_state_alloc(args);
----------------------------------------

xfs_da_state_alloc calls kmem_cache_zalloc. kmem_cache_zalloc is
called with __GFP_NOFAIL flag and, therefore, it cannot return NULL.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
	struct xfs_da_state *
	xfs_da_state_alloc(
	struct xfs_da_args	*args)
	{
		struct xfs_da_state	*state;

		state = kmem_cache_zalloc(xfs_da_state_cache, GFP_NOFS | __GFP_NOFAIL);
		state->args = args;
		state->mp = args->dp->i_mount;
		return state;
	}
--------------------------------------------------------------------------

Found by Linux Verification Center (linuxtesting.org) with SVACE.
Signed-off-by: Andrey Strachuk <strochuk@ispras.ru>

Fixes: 4d0cdd2b

 ("xfs: clean up xfs_attr_node_hasname")
Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>

Now that we've established (again!) that empty xattr leaf buffers are
ok, we no longer need to bhold them to transactions when we're creating
new leaf blocks.  Get rid of the entire mechanism, which should simplify
the xattr code quite a bit.

The original justification for using bhold here was to prevent the AIL
from trying to write the empty leaf block into the fs during the brief
time that we release the buffer lock.  The reason for /that/ was to
prevent recovery from tripping over the empty ondisk block.
Reviewed-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>

The variable @args is fed to a tracepoint, and that's the only place
it's used.  This is fine for the kernel, but for userspace, tracepoints
are #define'd out of existence, which results in this warning on gcc
11.2:

xfs_attr.c: In function ‘xfs_attr_node_try_addname’:
xfs_attr.c:1440:42: warning: unused variable ‘args’ [-Wunused-variable]
 1440 |         struct xfs_da_args              *args = attr->xattri_da_args;
      |                                          ^~~~

Clean this up.
Signed-off-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Allison Henderson <allison.henderson@oracle.com>

I found a race involving the larp control knob, aka the debugging knob
that lets developers enable logging of extended attribute updates:

Thread 1			Thread 2

echo 0 > /sys/fs/xfs/debug/larp
				setxattr(REPLACE)
				xfs_has_larp (returns false)
				xfs_attr_set

echo 1 > /sys/fs/xfs/debug/larp

				xfs_attr_defer_replace
				xfs_attr_init_replace_state
				xfs_has_larp (returns true)
				xfs_attr_init_remove_state

				<oops, wrong DAS state!>

This isn't a particularly severe problem right now because xattr logging
is only enabled when CONFIG_XFS_DEBUG=y, and developers *should* know
what they're doing.

However, the eventual intent is that callers should be able to ask for
the assistance of the log in persisting xattr updates.  This capability
might not be required for /all/ callers, which means that dynamic
control must work correctly.  Once an xattr update has decided whether
or not to use logged xattrs, it needs to stay in that mode until the end
of the operation regardless of what subsequent parallel operations might
do.

Therefore, it is an error to continue sampling xfs_globals.larp once
xfs_attr_change has made a decision about larp, and it was not correct
for me to have told Allison that ->create_intent functions can sample
the global log incompat feature bitfield to decide to elide a log item.

Instead, create a new op flag for the xfs_da_args structure, and convert
all other callers of xfs_has_larp and xfs_sb_version_haslogxattrs within
the attr update state machine to look for the operations flag.
Signed-off-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Allison Henderson <allison.henderson@oracle.com>

The LARP patchset added an awkward coupling point between libxfs and
what would be libxlog, if the XFS log were actually its own library.
Move the code that sets up logged xattr updates out of libxfs and into
xfs_xattr.c so that libxfs no longer has to know about xlog_* functions.
Signed-off-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>

The LARP patchset added an awkward coupling point between libxfs and
what would be libxlog, if the XFS log were actually its own library.
Move the code that enables logged xattr updates out of "lib"xlog and into
xfs_xattr.c so that it no longer has to know about xlog_* functions.

While we're at it, give xfs_xattr.c its own header file.
Signed-off-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>

V4 superblocks do not contain the log_incompat feature bit, which means
that we cannot protect xattr log items against kernels that are too old
to know how to recover them.  Turn off the log items for such
filesystems and adjust the "delayed" name to reflect what it's really
controlling.
Signed-off-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>

Everywhere else in XFS, structures that capture the state of an ongoing
deferred work item all have names that end with "_intent".  The new
extended attribute deferred work items are not named as such, so fix it
to follow the naming convention used elsewhere.
Signed-off-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Allison Henderson <allison.henderson@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>

The state variable is now a local variable pointing to a heap
allocation, so we don't need to zero-initialize it, nor do we need the
conditional to decide if we should free it.
Signed-off-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Allison Henderson <allison.henderson@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>

Initialize and destroy the xattr log item caches in the same places that
we do all the other log item caches.
Signed-off-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Allison Henderson <allison.henderson@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>

Create a separate slab cache for struct xfs_attr_item objects, since we
can pack the (104-byte) intent items more tightly than we can with the
general slab cache objects.  On x86, this means 39 intents per memory
page instead of 32.
Signed-off-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Allison Henderson <allison.henderson@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>

The flags that are stored in the extended attr intent log item really
should have a separate namespace from the rest of the XFS_ATTR_* flags.
Give them one to make it a little more obvious that they're intent item
flags.
Signed-off-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Allison Henderson <allison.henderson@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>

The calling conventions of this function are a mess -- callers /can/
provide a pointer to a pointer to a state structure, but it's not
required, and as evidenced by the last two patches, the callers that do
weren't be careful enough about how to deal with an existing da state.

Push the allocation and freeing responsibilty to the callers, which
means that callers from the xattr node state machine steps now have the
visibility to allocate or free the da state structure as they please.
As a bonus, the node remove/add paths for larp-mode replaces can reset
the da state structure instead of freeing and immediately reallocating
it.
Signed-off-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Allison Henderson <allison.henderson@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>

If a setxattr operation finds an xattr structure in leaf format, adding
the attr can fail due to lack of space and hence requires an upgrade to
node format.  After this happens, we'll roll the transaction and
re-enter the state machine, at which time we need to perform a second
lookup of the attribute name to find its new location.  This lookup
attaches a new da state structure to the xfs_attr_item but doesn't free
the old one (from the leaf lookup) and leaks it.  Fix that.
Signed-off-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Allison Henderson <allison.henderson@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>

kmemleak reported that we lost an xfs_da_state while removing xattrs in
generic/020:

unreferenced object 0xffff88801c0e4b40 (size 480):
  comm "attr", pid 30515, jiffies 4294931061 (age 5.960s)
  hex dump (first 32 bytes):
    78 bc 65 07 00 c9 ff ff 00 30 60 1c 80 88 ff ff  x.e......0`.....
    02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 80 18 83 4e 80 88 ff ff  ...........N....
  backtrace:
    [<ffffffffa023ef4a>] xfs_da_state_alloc+0x1a/0x30 [xfs]
    [<ffffffffa021b6f3>] xfs_attr_node_hasname+0x23/0x90 [xfs]
    [<ffffffffa021c6f1>] xfs_attr_set_iter+0x441/0xa30 [xfs]
    [<ffffffffa02b5104>] xfs_xattri_finish_update+0x44/0x80 [xfs]
    [<ffffffffa02b515e>] xfs_attr_finish_item+0x1e/0x40 [xfs]
    [<ffffffffa0244744>] xfs_defer_finish_noroll+0x184/0x740 [xfs]
    [<ffffffffa02a6473>] __xfs_trans_commit+0x153/0x3e0 [xfs]
    [<ffffffffa021d149>] xfs_attr_set+0x469/0x7e0 [xfs]
    [<ffffffffa02a78d9>] xfs_xattr_set+0x89/0xd0 [xfs]
    [<ffffffff812e6512>] __vfs_removexattr+0x52/0x70
    [<ffffffff812e6a08>] __vfs_removexattr_locked+0xb8/0x150
    [<ffffffff812e6af6>] vfs_removexattr+0x56/0x100
    [<ffffffff812e6bf8>] removexattr+0x58/0x90
    [<ffffffff812e6cce>] path_removexattr+0x9e/0xc0
    [<ffffffff812e6d44>] __x64_sys_lremovexattr+0x14/0x20
    [<ffffffff81786b35>] do_syscall_64+0x35/0x80

I think this is a consequence of xfs_attr_node_removename_setup
attaching a new da(btree) state to xfs_attr_item and never freeing it.
I /think/ it's the case that the remove paths could detach the da state
earlier in the remove state machine since nothing else accesses the
state.  However, let's future-proof the new xattr code by adding a
catch-all when we free the xfs_attr_item to make sure we never leak the
da state.
Signed-off-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Allison Henderson <allison.henderson@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>

We can't use the same algorithm for replacing an existing attribute
when logging attributes. The existing algorithm is essentially:

1. create new attr w/ INCOMPLETE
2. atomically flip INCOMPLETE flags between old + new attribute
3. remove old attr which is marked w/ INCOMPLETE

This algorithm guarantees that we see either the old or new
attribute, and if we fail after the atomic flag flip, we don't have
to recover the removal of the old attr because we never see
INCOMPLETE attributes in lookups.

For logged attributes, however, this does not work. The logged
attribute intents do not track the work that has been done as the
transaction rolls, and hence the only recovery mechanism we have is
"run the replace operation from scratch".

This is further exacerbated by the attempt to avoid needing the
INCOMPLETE flag to create an atomic swap. This means we can create
a second active attribute of the same name before we remove the
original. If we fail at any point after the create but before the
removal has completed, we end up with duplicate attributes in
the attr btree and recovery only tries to replace one of them.

There are several other failure modes where we can leave partially
allocated remote attributes that expose stale data, partially free
remote attributes that enable UAF based stale data exposure, etc.

TO fix this, we need a different algorithm for replace operations
when LARP is enabled. Luckily, it's not that complex if we take the
right first step. That is, the first thing we log is the attri
intent with the new name/value pair and mark the old attr as
INCOMPLETE in the same transaction.

From there, we then remove the old attr and keep relogging the
new name/value in the intent, such that we always know that we have
to create the new attr in recovery. Once the old attr is removed,
we then run a normal ATTR_CREATE operation relogging the intent as
we go. If the new attr is local, then it gets created in a single
atomic transaction that also logs the final intent done. If the new
attr is remote, the we set INCOMPLETE on the new attr while we
allocate and set the remote value, and then we clear the INCOMPLETE
flag at in the last transaction taht logs the final intent done.

If we fail at any point in this algorithm, log recovery will always
see the same state on disk: the new name/value in the intent, and
either an INCOMPLETE attr or no attr in the attr btree. If we find
an INCOMPLETE attr, we run the full replace starting with removing
the INCOMPLETE attr. If we don't find it, then we simply create the
new attr.

Notably, recovery of a failed create that has an INCOMPLETE flag set
is now the same - we start with the lookup of the INCOMPLETE attr,
and if that exists then we do the full replace recovery process,
otherwise we just create the new attr.

Hence changing the way we do the replace operation when LARP is
enabled allows us to use the same log recovery algorithm for both
the ATTR_CREATE and ATTR_REPLACE operations. This is also the same
algorithm we use for runtime ATTR_REPLACE operations (except for the
step setting up the initial conditions).

The result is that:

- ATTR_CREATE uses the same algorithm regardless of whether LARP is
  enabled or not
- ATTR_REPLACE with larp=0 is identical to the old algorithm
- ATTR_REPLACE with larp=1 runs an unmodified attr removal algorithm
  from the larp=0 code and then runs the unmodified ATTR_CREATE
  code.
- log recovery when larp=1 runs the same ATTR_REPLACE algorithm as
  it uses at runtime.

Because the state machine is now quite clean, changing the algorithm
is really just a case of changing the initial state and how the
states link together for the ATTR_REPLACE case. Hence it's not a
huge amount of code for what is a fairly substantial rework
of the attr logging and recovery algorithm....
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Allison Henderson <allison.henderson@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>

We currently store the high level attr operation in
args->attr_flags. This field contains what the VFS is telling us to
do, but don't necessarily match what we are doing in the low level
modification state machine. e.g. XATTR_REPLACE implies both
XFS_DA_OP_ADDNAME and XFS_DA_OP_RENAME because it is doing both a
remove and adding a new attr.

However, deep in the individual state machine operations, we check
errors against this high level VFS op flags, not the low level
XFS_DA_OP flags. Indeed, we don't even have a low level flag for
a REMOVE operation, so the only way we know we are doing a remove
is the complete absence of XATTR_REPLACE, XATTR_CREATE,
XFS_DA_OP_ADDNAME and XFS_DA_OP_RENAME. And because there are other
flags in these fields, this is a pain to check if we need to.

As the XFS_DA_OP flags are only needed once the deferred operations
are set up, set these flags appropriately when we set the initial
operation state. We also introduce a XFS_DA_OP_REMOVE flag to make
it easy to know that we are doing a remove operation.

With these, we can remove the use of XATTR_REPLACE and XATTR_CREATE
in low level lookup operations, and manipulate the low level flags
according to the low level context that is operating. e.g. log
recovery does not have a VFS xattr operation state to copy into
args->attr_flags, and the low level state machine ops we do for
recovery do not match the high level VFS operations that were in
progress when the system failed...
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Allison Henderson <allison.henderson@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>

xfs_attri_remove_iter is not used anymore, so remove it and all the
infrastructure it uses and is needed to drive it. THe
xfs_attr_refillstate() function now throws an unused warning, so
isolate the xfs_attr_fillstate()/xfs_attr_refillstate() code pair
with an #if 0 and a comment explaining why we want to keep this code
and restore the optimisation it provides in the near future.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Allison Henderson<allison.henderson@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>

Now that xfs_attri_set_iter() has initial states for removing
attributes, switch the pure attribute removal code over to using it.
This requires attrs being removed to always be marked as INCOMPLETE
before we start the removal due to the fact we look up the attr to
remove again in xfs_attr_node_remove_attr().

Note: this drops the fillstate/refillstate optimisations from
the remove path that avoid having to look up the path again after
setting the incomplete flag and removing remote attrs. Restoring
that optimisation to this path is future Dave's problem.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Allison Henderson <allison.henderson@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>

We need to merge the add and remove code paths to enable safe
recovery of replace operations. Hoist the initial remove states from
xfs_attr_remove_iter into xfs_attr_set_iter. We will make use of
them in the next patches.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Allison Henderson<allison.henderson@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>

Now that the full xfs_attr_set_iter() state machine always
terminates with either the state being XFS_DAS_DONE on success or
an error on failure, we can get rid of the need for it to return
-EAGAIN whenever it needs to roll the transaction before running
the next state.

That is, we don't need to spray -EAGAIN return states everywhere,
the caller just check the state machine state for completion to
determine what action should be taken next. This greatly simplifies
the code within the state machine implementation as it now only has
to handle 0 for success or -errno for error and it doesn't need to
tell the caller to retry.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Allison Henderson<allison.henderson@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>

Clean up the final leaf/node states in xfs_attr_set_iter() to
further simplify the high level state machine and to set the
completion state correctly. As we are adding a separate state
for node format removal, we need to ensure that node formats
are collapsed back to shortform or empty correctly.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Allison Henderson<allison.henderson@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>

We may not have a remote value for the old xattr we have to remove,
so skip over the remote value removal states and go straight to
the xattr name removal in the leaf/node block.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Allison Henderson<allison.henderson@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>

We can skip the REPLACE state when LARP is enabled, but that means
the XFS_DAS_FLIP_LFLAG state is now poorly named - it indicates
something that has been done rather than what the state is going to
do. Rename it to "REMOVE_OLD" to indicate that we are now going to
perform removal of the old attr.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Allison Henderson<allison.henderson@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>

When we set a new xattr, we have three exit paths:

	1. nothing else to do
	2. allocate and set the remote xattr value
	3. perform the rest of a replace operation

Currently we push both 2 and 3 into the same state, regardless of
whether we just set a remote attribute or not. Once we've set the
remote xattr, we have two exit states:

	1. nothing else to do
	2. perform the rest of a replace operation

Hence we can split the remote xattr allocation and setting into
their own states and factor it out of xfs_attr_set_iter() to further
clean up the state machine and the implementation of the state
machine.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Allison Henderson<allison.henderson@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>

The operations performed from XFS_DAS_FOUND_LBLK through to
XFS_DAS_RM_LBLK are now identical to XFS_DAS_FOUND_NBLK through to
XFS_DAS_RM_NBLK. We can collapse these down into a single set of
code.

To do this, define the states that leaf and node run through as
separate sets of sequential states. Then as we move to the next
state, we can use increments rather than specific state assignments
to move through the states. This means the state progression is set
by the initial state that enters the series and we don't need to
duplicate the code anymore.

At the exit point of the series we need to select the correct leaf
or node state, but that can also be done by state increment rather
than assignment.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Allison Henderson<allison.henderson@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>

We re-enter the XFS_DAS_FOUND_LBLK state when we have to allocate
multiple extents for a remote xattr. We currently have a flag
called XFS_DAC_LEAF_ADDNAME_INIT to avoid running the remote attr
hole finding code more than once.

However, for the node format tree, we have a separate state for this
so we never reenter the state machine at XFS_DAS_FOUND_NBLK and so
it does not need a special flag to skip over the remote attr hold
finding code.

Convert the leaf block code to use the same state machine as the
node blocks and kill the  XFS_DAC_LEAF_ADDNAME_INIT flag.

This further points out that this "ALLOC" state is only traversed
if we have remote xattrs or we are doing a rename operation. Rename
both the leaf and node alloc states to _ALLOC_RMT to indicate they
are iterating to do allocation of remote xattr blocks.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Allison Henderson<allison.henderson@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>

We current use XFS_DAS_UNINIT for several steps in the attr_set
state machine. We use it for setting shortform xattrs, converting
from shortform to leaf, leaf add, leaf-to-node and leaf add. All of
these things are essentially known before we start the state machine
iterating, so we really should separate them out:

XFS_DAS_SF_ADD:
	- tries to do a shortform add
	- on success -> done
	- on ENOSPC converts to leaf, -> XFS_DAS_LEAF_ADD
	- on error, dies.

XFS_DAS_LEAF_ADD:
	- tries to do leaf add
	- on success:
		- inline attr -> done
		- remote xattr || REPLACE -> XFS_DAS_FOUND_LBLK
	- on ENOSPC converts to node, -> XFS_DAS_NODE_ADD
	- on error, dies

XFS_DAS_NODE_ADD:
	- tries to do node add
	- on success:
		- inline attr -> done
		- remote xattr || REPLACE -> XFS_DAS_FOUND_NBLK
	- on error, dies

This makes it easier to understand how the state machine starts
up and sets us up on the path to further state machine
simplifications.

This also converts the DAS state tracepoints to use strings rather
than numbers, as converting between enums and numbers requires
manual counting rather than just reading the name.

This also introduces a XFS_DAS_DONE state so that we can trace
successful operation completions easily.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Allison Henderson<allison.henderson@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>

Logged attribute intents only have set and remove types - there is
no separate intent type for a replace operation. We should have a
separate type for a replace operation, as it needs to perform
operations that neither SET or REMOVE can perform.

Add this type to the intent items and rearrange the deferred
operation setup to reflect the different operations we are
performing.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Allison Henderson<allison.henderson@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>

We currently set it and hold it when converting from short to leaf
form, then release it only to immediately look it back up again
to do the leaf insert.

Do a bit of refactoring to xfs_attr_leaf_try_add() to avoid this
messy handling of the newly allocated leaf buffer.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Allison Henderson<allison.henderson@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>

generic/642 triggered a reproducable assert failure in
xlog_cil_commit() that resulted from a xfs_attr_set() committing
an empty but dirty transaction. When the CIL is empty and this
occurs, xlog_cil_commit() tries a background push and this triggers
a "pushing an empty CIL" assert.

XFS: Assertion failed: !list_empty(&cil->xc_cil), file: fs/xfs/xfs_log_cil.c, line: 1274
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 xlog_cil_commit+0xa5a/0xad0
 __xfs_trans_commit+0xb8/0x330
 xfs_trans_commit+0x10/0x20
 xfs_attr_set+0x3e2/0x4c0
 xfs_xattr_set+0x8d/0xe0
 __vfs_setxattr+0x6b/0x90
 __vfs_setxattr_noperm+0x76/0x220
 __vfs_setxattr_locked+0xdf/0x100
 vfs_setxattr+0x94/0x170
 setxattr+0x110/0x200
 path_setxattr+0xbf/0xe0
 __x64_sys_setxattr+0x2b/0x30
 do_syscall_64+0x35/0x80

The problem is related to the breakdown of attribute addition in
xfs_attr_set_iter() and how it is called from deferred operations.
When we have a pure leaf xattr insert, we add the xattr to the leaf
and set the next state to XFS_DAS_FOUND_LBLK and return -EAGAIN.
This requeues the xattr defered work, rolls the transaction and
runs xfs_attr_set_iter() again. This then checks the xattr for
being remote (it's not) and whether a replace op is being done (this
is a create op) and if neither are true it returns without having
done anything.

xfs_xattri_finish_update() then unconditionally sets the transaction
dirty, and the deferops finishes and returns to __xfs_trans_commit()
which sees the transaction dirty and tries to commit it by calling
xlog_cil_commit(). The transaction is empty, and then the assert
fires if this happens when the CIL is empty.

This patch addresses the structure of xfs_attr_set_iter() that
requires re-entry on leaf add even when nothing will be done. This
gets rid of the trailing empty transaction and so doesn't trigger
the XFS_TRANS_DIRTY assignment in xfs_xattri_finish_update()
incorrectly. Addressing that is for a different patch.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Allison Henderson<allison.henderson@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>

Quick helper function to collapse duplicate code to initialize
transactions for attributes
Signed-off-by: Allison Henderson <allison.henderson@oracle.com>
Suggested-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Chandan Babu R <chandan.babu@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>

This patch adds a helper function xfs_attr_leaf_addname.  While this
does help to break down xfs_attr_set_iter, it does also hoist out some
of the state management.  This patch has been moved to the end of the
clean up series for further discussion.
Suggested-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Allison Henderson <allison.henderson@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Chandan Babu R <chandanrlinux@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>

This is a clean up patch that merges xfs_delattr_context into
xfs_attr_item.  Now that the refactoring is complete and the delayed
operation infrastructure is in place, we can combine these to eliminate
the extra struct
Signed-off-by: Allison Henderson <allison.henderson@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Chandan Babu R <chandanrlinux@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>

Remove xfs_attr_set_args, xfs_attr_remove_args, and xfs_attr_trans_roll.
These high level loops are now driven by the delayed operations code,
and can be removed.

Additionally collapse in the leaf_bp parameter of xfs_attr_set_iter
since we only have one caller that passes dac->leaf_bp
Signed-off-by: Allison Henderson <allison.henderson@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Chandan Babu R <chandanrlinux@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>

These routines set up and queue a new deferred attribute operations.
These functions are meant to be called by any routine needing to
initiate a deferred attribute operation as opposed to the existing
inline operations. New helper function xfs_attr_item_init also added.

Finally enable delayed attributes in xfs_attr_set and xfs_attr_remove.
Signed-off-by: Allison Henderson <allison.henderson@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Chandan Babu R <chandanrlinux@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>

This is a clean up patch that skips the flip flag logic for delayed attr
renames.  Since the log replay keeps the inode locked, we do not need to
worry about race windows with attr lookups.  So we can skip over
flipping the flag and the extra transaction roll for it
Signed-off-by: Allison Henderson <allison.henderson@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Chandan Babu R <chandanrlinux@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>

Currently attributes are modified directly across one or more
transactions. But they are not logged or replayed in the event of an
error. The goal of log attr replay is to enable logging and replaying
of attribute operations using the existing delayed operations
infrastructure.  This will later enable the attributes to become part of
larger multi part operations that also must first be recorded to the
log.  This is mostly of interest in the scheme of parent pointers which
would need to maintain an attribute containing parent inode information
any time an inode is moved, created, or removed.  Parent pointers would
then be of interest to any feature that would need to quickly derive an
inode path from the mount point. Online scrub, nfs lookups and fs grow
or shrink operations are all features that could take advantage of this.

This patch adds two new log item types for setting or removing
attributes as deferred operations.  The xfs_attri_log_item will log an
intent to set or remove an attribute.  The corresponding
xfs_attrd_log_item holds a reference to the xfs_attri_log_item and is
freed once the transaction is done.  Both log items use a generic
xfs_attr_log_format structure that contains the attribute name, value,
flags, inode, and an op_flag that indicates if the operations is a set
or remove.

[dchinner: added extra little bits needed for intent whiteouts]
Signed-off-by: Allison Henderson <allison.henderson@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Chandan Babu R <chandanrlinux@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>