The server was not cleaning the last IO error and error number when
resetting slave.

This patch addresses this issue by backporting into 5.1 part of the
patch in BUG 34654. A fix for this issue had already been pushed into
6.0 as part of the aforementioned bug, however the patch also included
some refactoring. The fix for 5.1 does not take into account the
refactoring part.

mysql-test/extra/rpl_tests/rpl_reset_slave.test:
  Backported the test case and improved with deploying include/start_slave.inc
  in relevant spots.
sql/slave.cc:
  Backported part of patch from 6.0 that includes cleaning 
  mi->clear_error() at:
    1. beginning of handle_slave_io
    2. on successful connection
  
  Also, backported the assertion added in the original patch.
sql/sql_repl.cc:
  Backported the call to mi->clear_error() on reset_slave().

BEGIN/COMMIT/ROLLBACK was subject to replication db rules, and
caused the boundary of a transaction not recognized correctly 
when these queries were ignored by the rules.

Fixed the problem by skipping replication db rules for these
statements.


sql/log_event.cc:
  Skip checking replication db rules for BEGIN/COMMIT/ROLLBACK statements

Bug#34309: '_PC' macro redefinition

For reasons that are now a mystery, we had defined a CPP symbol to
help ancient compilers work better (in some way that's lost to history).
This interferes with at least one modern compiler.

Now, don't define the _PC symbol.  Those other underscore-leading
symbols are suspect also, but at least the names aren't inscrutable.
Let's leave them for now.

Make the caller of Query_log_event, Execute_load_log_event
constructors and THD::binlog_query to provide the error code
instead of having the constructors to figure out the error code.

sql/log_event.cc:
  Changed constructors of Query_log_event and Execute_load_log_event to accept the error code argument instead of figuring it out by itself
sql/log_event.h:
  Changed constructors of Query_log_event and Execute_load_log_event to accept the error code argument

When doing ALTER TABLE, we forgot to point out that we actually have
ROW_FORMAT information (from the original table), so we dropped to
"sensible defaults". This affects both ALTER TABLE and OPTIMIZE TABLE
which may fall back on ALTER TABLE for InnoDB.

We now flag that we do indeed know the row-type, thereby preserving
compression-type etc.

No .test in 5.1 since we'd need a reasonable new plugin from InnoDB to
show this properly; in higher versions, maria can demonstrate this.

sql/sql_table.cc:
  In mysql_alter_table() flag that we have row-type info
  from old table. In compare_tables(), we must explicitly
  check whether row-type has changed (rather than rely on
  the flag which will always be set at this point now).

MySQL crashes if a user without proper privileges attempts to create a procedure.

The crash happens because more than one error state is pushed onto the Diagnostic
area. In this particular case the user is denied to implicitly create a new user
account with the implicitly granted privileges ALTER- and EXECUTE ROUTINE.

The new account is needed if the original user account contained a host mask.
A user account with a host mask is a distinct user account in this context.
An alternative would be to first get the most permissive user account which
include the current user connection and then assign privileges to that
account. This behavior change is considered out of scope for this bug patch.

The implicit assignment of privileges when a user creates a stored routine is a
considered to be a feature for user convenience and as such it is not
a critical operation. Any failure to complete this operation is thus considered
non-fatal (an error becomes a warning).

The patch back ports a stack implementation of the internal error handler interface.
This enables the use of multiple error handlers so that it is possible to intercept
and cancel errors thrown by lower layers. This is needed as a error handler already
is used in the call stack emitting the errors which needs to be converted.


mysql-test/r/grant.result:
  * Added test case for bug44658
mysql-test/t/grant.test:
  * Added test case for bug44658
sql/sp.cc:
  * Removed non functional parameter no_error and my_error calls as all errors
    from this function will be converted to a warning anyway.
  * Change function return type from int to bool.
sql/sp.h:
  * Removed non functional parameter no_error and my_error calls as all errors
    from this function will be converted to a warning anyway.
  * Changed function return value from int to bool
sql/sql_acl.cc:
  * Removed the non functional no_error parameter from the function prototype.
    The function is called from two places and in one of the places we now 
    ignore errors through error handlers.
  * Introduced the parameter write_to_binlog
  * Introduced an error handler to cancel any error state from mysql_routine_grant.
  * Moved my_ok() signal from mysql_routine_grant to make it easier to avoid
    setting the wrong state in the Diagnostic area.
  * Changed the broken error state in sp_grant_privileges() to a warning
    so that if "CREATE PROCEDURE" fails because "Password hash isn't a hexidecimal
    number" it is still clear what happened.
sql/sql_acl.h:
  * Removed the non functional no_error parameter from the function prototype.
    The function is called from two places and in one of the places we now 
    ignore errors through error handlers.
  * Introduced the parameter write_to_binlog
  * Changed return type for sp_grant_privileges() from int to bool
sql/sql_class.cc:
  * Back ported implementation of internal error handler from 6.0 branch
sql/sql_class.h:
  * Back ported implementation of internal error handler from 6.0 branch
sql/sql_parse.cc:
  * Moved my_ok() signal from mysql_routine_grant() to make it easier to avoid
    setting the wrong state in the Diagnostic area.

wmemset was being used to fill the row buffers.
wmemset was intended  to  fill the buffer with
16-bit UCS2 pad values.  However,  the  64-bit
version of wmemset uses 32-bit wide characters
and thus filled the buffer incorrectly. In some
cases, the null  byte  map would be overwritten,
causing ctype_utf8.test and ibmdb2i_rir.test to
fail, giving the error message CPF5035.

This patch eliminates the use of wmemset to fill
the row buffer. wmemset has  been  replaced with
memset16, which always  fills  memory with 16-bit
values.

storage/ibmdb2i/db2i_conversion.cc:
  Bug#44811 Tests with utf8 charset fail with ibmdb2i on 64bit MySQL
  
  Eliminate the use of wmemset to fill
  the row buffer. Replace wmemset with
  memset16, which always  fills  memory
  with 16-bit values.
storage/ibmdb2i/db2i_misc.h:
  Bug#44811 Tests with utf8 charset fail with ibmdb2i on 64bit MySQL
  
  Eliminate the use of wmemset to fill
  the row buffer. Replace wmemset with
  memset16, which always  fills  memory
  with 16-bit values.

The fix is to use case insensitive collation
for mysql client command search.



client/mysql.cc:
  The fix is to use case insensitive collation
  for mysql client command search.
mysql-test/r/mysql.result:
  test result
mysql-test/t/mysql.test:
  test case

mysqldump --tab still dumped triggers to stdout rather than to
individual tables.

We now append triggers to the .sql file for the corresponding
table.

--events and --routines correspond to a database rather than a
table and will still go to stdout with --tab unless redirected
with --result-file (-r).

client/mysqldump.c:
  Extend open_sql_file_for_table() so we can open-append.
  Change dump_triggers_for_table() so it will append its
  output to the table's .sql-file when --tab is used.
mysql-test/r/mysqldump.result:
  Show that when using --tab, triggers now end up in the .sql
  file with the corresponding table (after that table), while
  --routines and --events go to stdout or --result-file.
mysql-test/t/mysqldump.test:
  Show that when using --tab, triggers now end up in the .sql
  file with the corresponding table (after that table), while
  --routines and --events go to stdout or --result-file.

      
Added a more detailed error message on calling an ambiguous missing function.

mysql-test/r/ps.result:
  Bug #38159: fixed existing tests
mysql-test/r/sp-error.result:
  Bug #38159: test case
mysql-test/t/ps.test:
  Bug #38159: fixed existing tests
mysql-test/t/sp-error.test:
  Bug #38159: test case
sql/item_func.cc:
  Bug #38159: generate more detailed error message
sql/share/errmsg.txt:
  Bug #38159: add a more detailed error message
sql/sql_derived.cc:
  Bug #38159: treat the detailed error message the same way as the
  generic one
sql/sql_lex.cc:
  Bug #38159: 
    - detect if the token is ambiguous and print the appropriate error.
    - backport is_lex_native_function() from 5.1
sql/sql_lex.h:
  Bug #38159: detect if the token is ambiguous and print the appropriate error.
sql/sql_yacc.yy:
  Bug #38159: generate more detailed error message
sql/table.cc:
  Bug #38159: treat the detailed error message the same way as the
  generic one

On 64-bit Windows: querying MERGE table with keys may cause
server crash.The problem is generic and may affect any statement
accessing MERGE table cardinality values.
When MERGE engine was copying cardinality statistics, it was
using incorrect size of element in cardinality statistics array
(sizeof(ptr)==8 instead of sizeof(ulong)==4), causing access
of memory beyond of the allocated bounds.


sql/ha_myisam.cc:
  When copying rec_per_key array (an array of ulong) use proper
  size of element, that is sizeof(ulong).
sql/ha_myisammrg.cc:
  When copying rec_per_key array (an array of ulong) use proper
  size of element, that is sizeof(ulong).
sql/table.cc:
  When allocating rec_per_key array (an array of ulong) use proper
  size of element, that is sizeof(ulong).

Dump all connection-related arguments when running mysqlcheck
from mysql_upgrade.

No test case, since the output depends on the test suite
configuration and platform.

client/mysql_upgrade.c:
  Dump all connection-related arguments when running mysqlcheck
  from mysql_upgrade.

The fix is to allow myisamchk to use >4G key_buffer_size on win64


include/myisam.h:
  use ulonglong instead of ulong for use_buffers
storage/myisam/myisamchk.c:
  use ulonglong instead of ulong for use_buffers

doesn't find 'logger'

Due to a variable quoting mistake, the $PATH environment
variable isn't parsed correctly when searching for the
existence of the desired executable(s) (logger in this 
case).

This patch removes the quotes.

The problem is that the server failed to follow the rule that
every X509 object retrieved using SSL_get_peer_certificate()
must be explicitly freed by X509_free(). This caused a memory
leak for builds linked against OpenSSL where the X509 object
is reference counted -- improper counting will prevent the
object from being destroyed once the session containing the
peer certificate is freed.

The solution is to explicitly free every X509 object used.

mysql-test/r/openssl_1.result:
  Add test case result for Bug#42158
mysql-test/t/openssl_1.test:
  Add test case for Bug#42158
sql/sql_acl.cc:
  Deallocate X509 objects.

HAVING
            
When calculating GROUP BY the server caches some expressions. It does
that by allocating a string slot (Item_copy_string) and assigning the 
value of the expression to it. This effectively means that the result
type of the expression can be changed from whatever it was to a string.
As this substitution takes place after the compile-time result type 
calculation for IN but before the run-time type calculations, 
it causes the type calculations in the IN function done at run time 
to get unexpected results different from what was prepared at compile time.
                  
In the CASE ... WHEN ... THEN ... statement there was a similar problem
and it was solved by artificially adding a STRING argument to the set of 
types of the IN/CASE arguments at compile time, so if any of the 
arguments of the CASE function changes its type to a string it will 
still be covered by the information prepared at compile time.

mysql-test/include/mix1.inc:
  Bug #44399: extended the test to cover the different types
mysql-test/r/func_in.result:
  Bug #44399: test case
mysql-test/r/innodb_mysql.result:
  Bug #44399: extended the test to cover the different types
mysql-test/t/func_in.test:
  Bug #44399: test case
sql/item.cc:
  Bug #44399: Implement typed caching for GROUP BY
sql/item.h:
  Bug #44399: Implement typed caching for GROUP BY
sql/item_cmpfunc.cc:
  Bug #44399: remove the special case
sql/sql_select.cc:
  Bug #44399: Implement typed caching for GROUP BY

tests/mysql_client_test.c:
  Use a suitable constant for specifying the size of the array.