The problem is that the C API function mysql_real_connect
only attempts to connect to the first IP address returned
for a hostname. This can be a problem if a hostname maps
to multiple IP address and the server is not bound to the
first one that is returned.

The solution is to augment mysql_real_connect so that it
attempts to connect to all IPv4 addresses that a domain
name maps to. The function goes over the list of address
until a successful connection is established.

No test case is provided as its not possible to test this
automatically with the current testing infrastructure.

sql-common/client.c:
  The client will try to connect to each IPv4 address from
  the list of addresses that hostname maps to until a successful
  connection is established or there are no more address.

in a conditional commentary at the new SELECT ... INTO
OUTFILE ... CHARACTER SET syntax has been updated to 5.1.38.

Install procedure does not copy *.inc files located under the mysql-test/t directory.
Therefore, this patch moves the rpl_trigger.inc to the mysql-test/include directory.

storage/innobase/Makefile.am

storage/innobase/Makefile.am:
  Remove the 'single' space character after include/lock0iter.h

The test case fails sporadically on Windows while trying to overwrite an unused
binary log. The problem stems from the fact that MySQL on Windows does not
immediately unlock/release a file while the process that opened and closed it is
still running. In BUG 38603, this issue was circumvented by stopping the MySQL
process, copying the file and then restarting the MySQL process. 

Unfortunately, such facilities are not available in the 5.0.  Other approaches
such as stopping the slave and issuing change master do not work because the relay
log file and index are not closed when a slave is stopped. So to fix the problem,
we simply don't run on windows the part of the test that was failing.

http://lists.mysql.com/commits/53569

sql/ha_ndbcluster_binlog.cc:
  Remove extraneous mutex lock which could cause the server to deadlock.

engine to the partition_csv test. Also remove test case that was
duplicated. Fix connection procedure with the embedded server.

mysql-test/r/partition.result:
  Update test case result.
mysql-test/r/partition_csv.result:
  Update test case result.
mysql-test/t/partition.test:
  Move test cases to the partition_csv test.
mysql-test/t/partition_csv.test:
  Move tests from partition.test and remove duplicate.
  Tweaky connection procedure to work with embedded.

- Define and pass compile time path variables as pre-processor definitions to 
  mimic the makefile build.
- Set new CMake version and policy requirements explicitly.
- Changed DATADIR to MYSQL_DATADIR to avoid conflicting definition in 
  Platform SDK header ObjIdl.h which also defines DATADIR.

            when used with --tab

1) New syntax: added CHARACTER SET clause to the
  SELECT ... INTO OUTFILE (to complement the same clause in
  LOAD DATA INFILE).
  mysqldump is updated to use this in --tab mode.

2) ESCAPED BY/ENCLOSED BY field parameters are documented as
   accepting CHAR argument, however SELECT .. INTO OUTFILE
   silently ignored rests of multisymbol arguments.
   For the symmetrical behavior with LOAD DATA INFILE the
   server has been modified to fail with the same error:

     ERROR 42000: Field separator argument is not what is
                  expected; check the manual

3) Current LOAD DATA INFILE recognizes field/line separators
   "as is" without converting from client charset to data
   file charset. So, it is supposed, that input file of
   LOAD DATA INFILE consists of data in one charset and
   separators in other charset. For the compatibility with
   that [buggy] behaviour SELECT INTO OUTFILE implementation
   has been saved "as is" too, but the new warning message
   has been added:

     Non-ASCII separator arguments are not fully supported

   This message warns on field/line separators that contain
   non-ASCII symbols.


client/mysqldump.c:
  mysqldump has been updated to call SELECT ... INTO OUTFILE
  statement with a charset from the --default-charset command
  line parameter.
mysql-test/r/mysqldump.result:
  Added test case for bug #30946.
mysql-test/r/outfile_loaddata.result:
  Added test case for bug #30946.
mysql-test/t/mysqldump.test:
  Added test case for bug #30946.
mysql-test/t/outfile_loaddata.test:
  Added test case for bug #30946.
sql/field.cc:
  String conversion code has been moved from check_string_copy_error()
  to convert_to_printable() for reuse.
sql/share/errmsg.txt:
  New WARN_NON_ASCII_SEPARATOR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED message has been added.
sql/sql_class.cc:
  The select_export::prepare() method has been modified to:
  
    1) raise the ER_WRONG_FIELD_TERMINATORS error on multisymbol
       ENCLOSED BY/ESCAPED BY field arguments like LOAD DATA INFILE;
  
    2) warn with a new WARN_NON_ASCII_SEPARATOR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED
       message on non-ASCII field or line separators.
  
  The select_export::send_data() merhod has been modified to
  convert item data to output charset (see new SELECT INTO OUTFILE
  syntax). By default the BINARY charset is used for backward
  compatibility.
sql/sql_class.h:
  The select_export::write_cs field added to keep output
  charset.
sql/sql_load.cc:
  mysql_load has been modified to warn on non-ASCII field or
  line separators with a new WARN_NON_ASCII_SEPARATOR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED
  message.
sql/sql_string.cc:
  New global function has been added: convert_to_printable()
  (common code has been moved from check_string_copy_error()).
sql/sql_string.h:
  New String::is_ascii() method and new global convert_to_printable()
  function have been added.
sql/sql_yacc.yy:
  New syntax: added CHARACTER SET clause to the
  SELECT ... INTO OUTFILE (to complement the same clause in
  LOAD DATA INFILE). By default the BINARY charset is used for
  backward compatibility.

If using statement based replication (SBR), repeatedly calling
statements which are unsafe for SBR will cause a warning message
to be written to the error for each statement. This might lead
to filling up the error log and there is no way to disable this
behavior.

The solution is to only log these message (about statements unsafe
for statement based replication) if the log_warnings option is set.

For example:

SET GLOBAL LOG_WARNINGS = 0;
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(UUID());
SET GLOBAL LOG_WARNINGS = 1;
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(UUID());

In this case the message will be printed only once:

[Warning] Statement may not be safe to log in statement format.
          Statement: INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(UUID())

mysql-test/suite/binlog/r/binlog_stm_unsafe_warning.result:
  Add test case result for Bug#46265
mysql-test/suite/binlog/t/binlog_stm_unsafe_warning-master.opt:
  Make log_error value available.
mysql-test/suite/binlog/t/binlog_stm_unsafe_warning.test:
  Add test case for Bug#46265
sql/sql_class.cc:
  Print warning only if the log_warnings is enabled.

We disallow the partitioning of a log table. You could however
partition a table first, and then point logging to it. This is
not only against the docs, it also crashes the server.

We catch this case now.

mysql-test/r/partition.result:
  results for 40281
mysql-test/t/partition.test:
  test for 40281: show that trying to log to partitioned table fails rather
  to crash the server
sql/ha_partition.cc:
  Signal that we no longer support logging to partitioned tables,
  as per the docs.
sql/sql_partition.cc:
  Some commands like "USE ..." have no select, yet we may try
  to parse partition info after their execution if user set a
  partitioned table as log target. This shouldn't lead to a
  NULL-deref/crash.

Initialize LOCK_open as a adapative mutex on platforms where the
PTHREAD_ADAPTIVE_MUTEX_INITIALIZER_NP macro is available. The flag
indicates that a thread should spin (busy wait) for some time on a
locked adaptive mutex before blocking (sleeping). It's intended to
to alleviate performance problems due to LOCK_open being a highly
contended mutex.

sql/mysqld.cc:
  Initialize LOCK_open as a adapative mutex.

   Check for "stack overrun" doesn't work, server crashes

correctly if the compiler optimizes too clever.

This has happaned on HP-UX 11.23 (IA64) at optimization
level "+O2", causing bug#42213:
   Check for "stack overrun" doesn't work, server crashes

Fix it by adding a pragma that prevents this optimization.
As a result, it should be safe to use "+O2" on this platform
(unless there is some other, optimizer-related, bug which
is just currently masked because we use resudec optimization).


config/ac-macros/misc.m4:
  Our autoconf function "MYSQL_STACK_DIRECTION" is meant to
  determine whether the stack grows towards higher or towards
  lower addresses.
  It does this by comparing the addresses of a variable
  (which is local to a recursive function) on different
  nesting levels.
  
  This approach requires that the function is really
  implemented as a recursive function, with each nested call
  allocating a new stack frame containing the local variable.
  If, however, the compiler is optimizing so clever that the
  recursive function is implemented by a loop, then this
  test will not produce correct results.
  
  This has happened on HP-UX 11.23 (IA64) when HP's compiler
  was called with optimization "+O2" (not with "+O1"),
  reported as bug#42213.
  
  Rather than starting a race with the compiler and making
  the function so complicated that this optimization does
  not happen, the idea is to prevent the optimization
  by adding a pragma. For HP, this is "#pragma noinline".
  
  If we encounter other compilers which also optimize
  too clever, we may add their pragmas here.
  
  It is a debatable issue whether such pragmas should be
  guarded by conditional compiling or not, the reviewers
  voted to do it.
  It seems HP has different compilers, "ANSI C" and "aCC",
  on the affected platform "__HP_cc" ("ANSI C") is predefined.
  To be on the safe side, the pragma will also take effect
  if HP's "aCC" compiler is used, or any other compiler on HP-UX.

      
A REPLACE in the MERGE engine is actually a REPLACE
into one (FIRST or LAST) of the underlying MyISAM
tables. So in effect the server works on the meta
data of the MERGE table, while the real insert happens
in the MyISAM table.

The MERGE table has no index, while MyISAM has a
unique index. When a REPLACE into a MERGE table (
and the REPLACE conflicts with a duplicate in a
child table) is done, we try to access the duplicate
key information for the MERGE table. This information
actually does not exist, hence this results in a crash.

The problem can be resolved by modifying the MERGE
engine to provide us the duplicate key information
directly, instead of just returning the MyISAM index
number as the error key. Then the SQL layer (or "the
server") does not try to access the key_info of the
MERGE table, which does not exist.

The current patch modifies the MERGE engine to provide
the position for a record where a unique key violation
occurs.

include/myisammrg.h:
  Bug#45800 crash when replacing into a merge table and there is a duplicate
  
  Add a member to the st_mymerge_info structure that will
  store the duplicate key offset in the MERGE table. This
  offset will be the sum of the record offset of the MyISAM
  table within the MERGE table and the offset of the record
  within the MyISAM table.
mysql-test/r/merge.result:
  Bug#45800 crash when replacing into a merge table and there is a duplicate
  
  Result file for the test case.
mysql-test/t/merge.test:
  Bug#45800 crash when replacing into a merge table and there is a duplicate
  
  Added test case for both REPLACE and INSERT...ON DUPLICATE UPDATE.
storage/myisammrg/ha_myisammrg.cc:
  Bug#45800 crash when replacing into a merge table and there is a duplicate
  
  The info method now will process the HA_STATUS_ERRKEY flag
  and will return the index and the offset of the duplicate
  key.
storage/myisammrg/ha_myisammrg.h:
  Bug#45800 crash when replacing into a merge table and there is a duplicate
  
  Set the HA_DUPLICATE_POS flag to indicate that the duplicate
  key information is now available in the MERGE storage engine.
storage/myisammrg/myrg_info.c:
  Bug#45800 crash when replacing into a merge table and there is a duplicate
  
  We modify the myrg_status function to return the position of the
  duplicate key. The duplicate key position in the MERGE table will
  be the MyISAM file_offset and the offset within the MyISAM table
  of the start position of the records.

Fixed wrong prototype declaration which cased build failure on solaris.