Merge branch 'master' into fastcgi-methods

# Conflicts:
#	middleware/fastcgi/fastcgi.go

.travis.yml

 language: go
 
 go:
-  - 1.4.3
-  - 1.5.2
+  - 1.6
   - tip
 
+env:
+- CGO_ENABLED=0
+
 install:
-  - go get -d ./...
+  - go get -t ./...
   - go get golang.org/x/tools/cmd/vet
 
 script:

CONTRIBUTING.md

 ## Contributing to Caddy
 
-**[Join our dev chat on Gitter](https://gitter.im/mholt/caddy)** to chat with
-other Caddy developers! (Dev chat only; try our
-[support room](https://gitter.im/caddyserver/support) for help or
-[general](https://gitter.im/caddyserver/general) for anything else.)
+Welcome! Our community focuses on helping others and making Caddy the best it
+can be. We gladly accept contributions and encourage you to get involved!
 
-This project gladly accepts contributions and we encourage interested users to 
-get involved!
 
+### Join us in chat
 
-#### For small tweaks, bug fixes, and tests
+Please direct your discussion to the correct room:
 
-Submit [pull requests](https://github.com/mholt/caddy/pulls) at any time. 
-Bug fixes should be under test to assert correct behavior. Thank you for
-helping out in simple ways!
+- **Dev Chat:** [gitter.im/mholt/caddy](https://gitter.im/mholt/caddy) - to chat
+with other Caddy developers
+- **Support:**
+[gitter.im/caddyserver/support](https://gitter.im/caddyserver/support) - to give
+and get help
+- **General:**
+[gitter.im/caddyserver/general](https://gitter.im/caddyserver/general) - for
+anything about Web development
 
 
-#### Ideas, questions, bug reports
+### Bug reports
 
-Feel free to [open an issue](https://github.com/mholt/caddy/issues) with your
-ideas, questions, and bug reports, if one does not already exist for it. Bug
-reports should state expected behavior and contain clear instructions for
-isolating and reproducing the problem.
-See [How to Report Bugs Effectively](http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/bugs.html).
+First, please [search this repository](https://github.com/mholt/caddy/search?q=&type=Issues&utf8=%E2%9C%93)
+with a variety of keywords to ensure your bug is not already reported.
 
+If not, [open an issue](https://github.com/mholt/caddy/issues) and answer the
+questions so we can understand and reproduce the problematic behavior.
 
-#### New features
+The burden is on you to convince us that it is actually a bug in Caddy. This is
+easiest to do when you write clear, concise instructions so we can reproduce
+the behavior (even if it seems obvious). The more detailed and specific you are,
+the faster we will be able to help you. Check out
+[How to Report Bugs Effectively](http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/bugs.html).
 
-Before submitting a pull request, please open an issue first to discuss it and 
-claim it. This prevents overlapping efforts and keeps the project in-line with 
-its goals. If you prefer to discuss the feature privately, you can reach other 
-developers on Gitter or you may email me directly. (My email address is below.)
+Please be kind. :smile: Remember that Caddy comes at no cost to you, and you're
+getting free help. If we helped you, please consider
+[donating](https://caddyserver.com/donate) - it keeps us motivated!
 
-And don't forget to write tests for new features!
 
+### Minor improvements and new tests
 
-#### Vulnerabilities
+Submit [pull requests](https://github.com/mholt/caddy/pulls) at any time. Make
+sure to write tests to assert your change is working properly and is thoroughly
+covered.
+
+
+### Proposals, suggestions, ideas, new features
+
+First, please [search](https://github.com/mholt/caddy/search?q=&type=Issues&utf8=%E2%9C%93)
+with a variety of keywords to ensure your suggestion/proposal is new.
+
+If so, you may open either an issue or a pull request for discussion and
+feedback.
+
+The advantage of issues is that you don't have to spend time actually
+implementing your idea, but you should still describe it thoroughly. The
+advantage of a pull request is that we can immediately see the impact the change
+will have on the project, what the code will look like, and how to improve it.
+The disadvantage of pull requests is that they are unlikely to get accepted
+without significant changes, or it may be rejected entirely. Don't worry, that
+won't happen without an open discussion first.
+
+If you are going to spend significant time implementing code for a pull request,
+best to open an issue first and "claim" it and get feedback before you invest
+a lot of time.
+
+
+### Vulnerabilities
 
 If you've found a vulnerability that is serious, please email me: Matthew dot 
 Holt at Gmail. If it's not a big deal, a pull request will probably be faster.
@@ -43,4 +73,5 @@ Holt at Gmail. If it's not a big deal, a pull request will probably be faster.
 
 ## Thank you
 
-Thanks for your help! Caddy would not be what it is today without your contributions.
+Thanks for your help! Caddy would not be what it is today without your
+contributions.

ISSUE_TEMPLATE

+*If you are filing a bug report, please answer these questions. If your issue is not a bug report, you do not need to use this template. Either way, please consider donating if we've helped you. Thanks!*
+
+#### 1. What version of Caddy are you running (`caddy -version`)?
+
+
+#### 2. What are you trying to do?
+
+
+#### 3. What is your entire Caddyfile?
+```text
+(Put Caddyfile here)
+```
+
+#### 4. How did you run Caddy (give the full command and describe the execution environment)?
+
+
+#### 5. What did you expect to see?
+
+
+#### 6. What did you see instead (give full error messages and/or log)?

README.md

@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ You may also be interested in the [developer guide]
 
 ## Running from Source
 
-Note: You will need **[Go 1.4](https://golang.org/dl/)** or a later version.
+Note: You will need **[Go 1.6](https://golang.org/dl/)** or newer.
 
 1. `$ go get github.com/mholt/caddy`
 2. `cd` into your website's directory

appveyor.yml

@@ -6,14 +6,21 @@ clone_folder: c:\gopath\src\github.com\mholt\caddy
 
 environment:
   GOPATH: c:\gopath
+  CGO_ENABLED: 0
 
 install:
-  - go get golang.org/x/tools/cmd/vet
-  - echo %GOPATH%
+  - rmdir c:\go /s /q
+  - appveyor DownloadFile https://storage.googleapis.com/golang/go1.6.windows-amd64.zip
+  - 7z x go1.6.windows-amd64.zip -y -oC:\ > NUL
   - go version
   - go env
-  - go get -d ./...
+  - go get golang.org/x/tools/cmd/vet
+  - go get -t ./...
 
-build_script:
+build: off
+
+test_script:
   - go vet ./...
-  - go test ./...
\ No newline at end of file
+  - go test ./...
+
+deploy: off

build.bash

+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+#
+# Caddy build script. Automates proper versioning.
+#
+# Usage:
+#
+#     $ ./build.bash [output_filename]
+#
+# Outputs compiled program in current directory.
+# Default file name is 'ecaddy'.
+#
+set -e
+
+output="$1"
+if [ -z "$output" ]; then
+	output="ecaddy"
+fi
+
+pkg=main
+
+# Timestamp of build
+builddate_id=$pkg.buildDate
+builddate=`date -u`
+
+# Current tag, if HEAD is on a tag
+tag_id=$pkg.gitTag
+set +e
+tag=`git describe --exact-match HEAD 2> /dev/null`
+set -e
+
+# Nearest tag on branch
+lasttag_id=$pkg.gitNearestTag
+lasttag=`git describe --abbrev=0 --tags HEAD`
+
+# Commit SHA
+commit_id=$pkg.gitCommit
+commit=`git rev-parse --short HEAD`
+
+# Summary of uncommited changes
+shortstat_id=$pkg.gitShortStat
+shortstat=`git diff-index --shortstat HEAD`
+
+# List of modified files
+files_id=$pkg.gitFilesModified
+files=`git diff-index --name-only HEAD`
+
+
+go build -ldflags "
+	-X \"$builddate_id=$builddate\"
+	-X \"$tag_id=$tag\"
+	-X \"$lasttag_id=$lasttag\"
+	-X \"$commit_id=$commit\"
+	-X \"$shortstat_id=$shortstat\"
+	-X \"$files_id=$files\"
+" -o "$output"

caddy/caddy.go

@@ -26,9 +26,10 @@ import (
 	"path"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
+	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"
 
-	"github.com/mholt/caddy/caddy/letsencrypt"
+	"github.com/mholt/caddy/caddy/https"
 	"github.com/mholt/caddy/server"
 )
 
@@ -44,7 +45,7 @@ var (
 	Quiet bool
 
 	// HTTP2 indicates whether HTTP2 is enabled or not.
-	HTTP2 bool // TODO: temporary flag until http2 is standard
+	HTTP2 bool
 
 	// PidFile is the path to the pidfile to create.
 	PidFile string
@@ -191,8 +192,13 @@ func startServers(groupings bindingGroup) error {
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		s.HTTP2 = HTTP2                             // TODO: This setting is temporary
-		s.ReqCallback = letsencrypt.RequestCallback // ensures we can solve ACME challenges while running
+		s.HTTP2 = HTTP2
+		s.ReqCallback = https.RequestCallback // ensures we can solve ACME challenges while running
+		if s.OnDemandTLS {
+			s.TLSConfig.GetCertificate = https.GetOrObtainCertificate // TLS on demand -- awesome!
+		} else {
+			s.TLSConfig.GetCertificate = https.GetCertificate
+		}
 
 		var ln server.ListenerFile
 		if IsRestart() {
@@ -277,7 +283,7 @@ func startServers(groupings bindingGroup) error {
 // It does NOT execute shutdown callbacks that may have been
 // configured by middleware (they must be executed separately).
 func Stop() error {
-	letsencrypt.Deactivate()
+	https.Deactivate()
 
 	serversMu.Lock()
 	for _, s := range servers {
@@ -312,6 +318,7 @@ func LoadCaddyfile(loader func() (Input, error)) (cdyfile Input, err error) {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 		cdyfile = loadedGob.Caddyfile
+		atomic.StoreInt32(https.OnDemandIssuedCount, loadedGob.OnDemandTLSCertsIssued)
 	}
 
 	// Try user's loader

caddy/caddy_test.go

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 func TestCaddyStartStop(t *testing.T) {
-	caddyfile := "localhost:1984\ntls off"
+	caddyfile := "localhost:1984"
 
 	for i := 0; i < 2; i++ {
 		err := Start(CaddyfileInput{Contents: []byte(caddyfile)})

caddy/config.go

@@ -8,10 +8,9 @@ import (
 	"net"
 	"sync"
 
-	"github.com/mholt/caddy/caddy/letsencrypt"
+	"github.com/mholt/caddy/caddy/https"
 	"github.com/mholt/caddy/caddy/parse"
 	"github.com/mholt/caddy/caddy/setup"
-	"github.com/mholt/caddy/middleware"
 	"github.com/mholt/caddy/server"
 )
 
@@ -55,7 +54,6 @@ func loadConfigsUpToIncludingTLS(filename string, input io.Reader) ([]server.Con
 				Port:       addr.Port,
 				Scheme:     addr.Scheme,
 				Root:       Root,
-				Middleware: make(map[string][]middleware.Middleware),
 				ConfigFile: filename,
 				AppName:    AppName,
 				AppVersion: AppVersion,
@@ -89,8 +87,7 @@ func loadConfigsUpToIncludingTLS(filename string, input io.Reader) ([]server.Con
 						return nil, nil, lastDirectiveIndex, err
 					}
 					if midware != nil {
-						// TODO: For now, we only support the default path scope /
-						config.Middleware["/"] = append(config.Middleware["/"], midware)
+						config.Middleware = append(config.Middleware, midware)
 					}
 					storages[dir.name] = controller.ServerBlockStorage // persist for this server block
 				}
@@ -128,7 +125,7 @@ func loadConfigs(filename string, input io.Reader) ([]server.Config, error) {
 	if !IsRestart() && !Quiet {
 		fmt.Print("Activating privacy features...")
 	}
-	configs, err = letsencrypt.Activate(configs)
+	configs, err = https.Activate(configs)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	} else if !IsRestart() && !Quiet {
@@ -171,8 +168,7 @@ func loadConfigs(filename string, input io.Reader) ([]server.Config, error) {
 						return nil, err
 					}
 					if midware != nil {
-						// TODO: For now, we only support the default path scope /
-						configs[configIndex].Middleware["/"] = append(configs[configIndex].Middleware["/"], midware)
+						configs[configIndex].Middleware = append(configs[configIndex].Middleware, midware)
 					}
 					storages[dir.name] = controller.ServerBlockStorage // persist for this server block
 				}
@@ -318,7 +314,7 @@ func validDirective(d string) bool {
 // root.
 func DefaultInput() CaddyfileInput {
 	port := Port
-	if letsencrypt.HostQualifies(Host) && port == DefaultPort {
+	if https.HostQualifies(Host) && port == DefaultPort {
 		port = "443"
 	}
 	return CaddyfileInput{

caddy/directives.go

 package caddy
 
 import (
+	"github.com/mholt/caddy/caddy/https"
 	"github.com/mholt/caddy/caddy/parse"
 	"github.com/mholt/caddy/caddy/setup"
 	"github.com/mholt/caddy/middleware"
@@ -43,7 +44,7 @@ var directiveOrder = []directive{
 	// Essential directives that initialize vital configuration settings
 	{"root", setup.Root},
 	{"bind", setup.BindHost},
-	{"tls", setup.TLS}, // letsencrypt is set up just after tls
+	{"tls", https.Setup},
 
 	// Other directives that don't create HTTP handlers
 	{"startup", setup.Startup},
@@ -68,6 +69,23 @@ var directiveOrder = []directive{
 	{"browse", setup.Browse},
 }
 
+// RegisterDirective adds the given directive to caddy's list of directives.
+// Pass the name of a directive you want it to be placed after,
+// otherwise it will be placed at the bottom of the stack.
+func RegisterDirective(name string, setup SetupFunc, after string) {
+	dir := directive{name: name, setup: setup}
+	idx := len(directiveOrder)
+	for i := range directiveOrder {
+		if directiveOrder[i].name == after {
+			idx = i + 1
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	newDirectives := append(directiveOrder[:idx], append([]directive{dir}, directiveOrder[idx:]...)...)
+	directiveOrder = newDirectives
+	parse.ValidDirectives[name] = struct{}{}
+}
+
 // directive ties together a directive name with its setup function.
 type directive struct {
 	name  string

caddy/directives_test.go

+package caddy
+
+import (
+	"reflect"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestRegister(t *testing.T) {
+	directives := []directive{
+		{"dummy", nil},
+		{"dummy2", nil},
+	}
+	directiveOrder = directives
+	RegisterDirective("foo", nil, "dummy")
+	if len(directiveOrder) != 3 {
+		t.Fatal("Should have 3 directives now")
+	}
+	getNames := func() (s []string) {
+		for _, d := range directiveOrder {
+			s = append(s, d.name)
+		}
+		return s
+	}
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(getNames(), []string{"dummy", "foo", "dummy2"}) {
+		t.Fatalf("directive order doesn't match: %s", getNames())
+	}
+	RegisterDirective("bar", nil, "ASDASD")
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(getNames(), []string{"dummy", "foo", "dummy2", "bar"}) {
+		t.Fatalf("directive order doesn't match: %s", getNames())
+	}
+}

caddy/helpers.go

@@ -11,14 +11,8 @@ import (
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
-
-	"github.com/mholt/caddy/caddy/letsencrypt"
 )
 
-func init() {
-	letsencrypt.OnChange = func() error { return Restart(nil) }
-}
-
 // isLocalhost returns true if host looks explicitly like a localhost address.
 func isLocalhost(host string) bool {
 	return host == "localhost" || host == "::1" || strings.HasPrefix(host, "127.")
@@ -69,10 +63,12 @@ var signalParentOnce sync.Once
 
 // caddyfileGob maps bind address to index of the file descriptor
 // in the Files array passed to the child process. It also contains
-// the caddyfile contents. Used only during graceful restarts.
+// the caddyfile contents and other state needed by the new process.
+// Used only during graceful restarts where a new process is spawned.
 type caddyfileGob struct {
-	ListenerFds map[string]uintptr
-	Caddyfile   Input
+	ListenerFds            map[string]uintptr
+	Caddyfile              Input
+	OnDemandTLSCertsIssued int32
 }
 
 // IsRestart returns whether this process is, according

caddy/https/certificates.go

+package https
+
+import (
+	"crypto/tls"
+	"crypto/x509"
+	"errors"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"log"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/xenolf/lego/acme"
+	"golang.org/x/crypto/ocsp"
+)
+
+// certCache stores certificates in memory,
+// keying certificates by name.
+var certCache = make(map[string]Certificate)
+var certCacheMu sync.RWMutex
+
+// Certificate is a tls.Certificate with associated metadata tacked on.
+// Even if the metadata can be obtained by parsing the certificate,
+// we can be more efficient by extracting the metadata once so it's
+// just there, ready to use.
+type Certificate struct {
+	tls.Certificate
+
+	// Names is the list of names this certificate is written for.
+	// The first is the CommonName (if any), the rest are SAN.
+	Names []string
+
+	// NotAfter is when the certificate expires.
+	NotAfter time.Time
+
+	// Managed certificates are certificates that Caddy is managing,
+	// as opposed to the user specifying a certificate and key file
+	// or directory and managing the certificate resources themselves.
+	Managed bool
+
+	// OnDemand certificates are obtained or loaded on-demand during TLS
+	// handshakes (as opposed to preloaded certificates, which are loaded
+	// at startup). If OnDemand is true, Managed must necessarily be true.
+	// OnDemand certificates are maintained in the background just like
+	// preloaded ones, however, if an OnDemand certificate fails to renew,
+	// it is removed from the in-memory cache.
+	OnDemand bool
+
+	// OCSP contains the certificate's parsed OCSP response.
+	OCSP *ocsp.Response
+}
+
+// getCertificate gets a certificate that matches name (a server name)
+// from the in-memory cache. If there is no exact match for name, it
+// will be checked against names of the form '*.example.com' (wildcard
+// certificates) according to RFC 6125. If a match is found, matched will
+// be true. If no matches are found, matched will be false and a default
+// certificate will be returned with defaulted set to true. If no default
+// certificate is set, defaulted will be set to false.
+//
+// The logic in this function is adapted from the Go standard library,
+// which is by the Go Authors.
+//
+// This function is safe for concurrent use.
+func getCertificate(name string) (cert Certificate, matched, defaulted bool) {
+	var ok bool
+
+	// Not going to trim trailing dots here since RFC 3546 says,
+	// "The hostname is represented ... without a trailing dot."
+	// Just normalize to lowercase.
+	name = strings.ToLower(name)
+
+	certCacheMu.RLock()
+	defer certCacheMu.RUnlock()
+
+	// exact match? great, let's use it
+	if cert, ok = certCache[name]; ok {
+		matched = true
+		return
+	}
+
+	// try replacing labels in the name with wildcards until we get a match
+	labels := strings.Split(name, ".")
+	for i := range labels {
+		labels[i] = "*"
+		candidate := strings.Join(labels, ".")
+		if cert, ok = certCache[candidate]; ok {
+			matched = true
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	// if nothing matches, use the default certificate or bust
+	cert, defaulted = certCache[""]
+	return
+}
+
+// cacheManagedCertificate loads the certificate for domain into the
+// cache, flagging it as Managed and, if onDemand is true, as OnDemand
+// (meaning that it was obtained or loaded during a TLS handshake).
+//
+// This function is safe for concurrent use.
+func cacheManagedCertificate(domain string, onDemand bool) (Certificate, error) {
+	cert, err := makeCertificateFromDisk(storage.SiteCertFile(domain), storage.SiteKeyFile(domain))
+	if err != nil {
+		return cert, err
+	}
+	cert.Managed = true
+	cert.OnDemand = onDemand
+	cacheCertificate(cert)
+	return cert, nil
+}
+
+// cacheUnmanagedCertificatePEMFile loads a certificate for host using certFile
+// and keyFile, which must be in PEM format. It stores the certificate in
+// memory. The Managed and OnDemand flags of the certificate will be set to
+// false.
+//
+// This function is safe for concurrent use.
+func cacheUnmanagedCertificatePEMFile(certFile, keyFile string) error {
+	cert, err := makeCertificateFromDisk(certFile, keyFile)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	cacheCertificate(cert)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// cacheUnmanagedCertificatePEMBytes makes a certificate out of the PEM bytes
+// of the certificate and key, then caches it in memory.
+//
+// This function is safe for concurrent use.
+func cacheUnmanagedCertificatePEMBytes(certBytes, keyBytes []byte) error {
+	cert, err := makeCertificate(certBytes, keyBytes)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	cacheCertificate(cert)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// makeCertificateFromDisk makes a Certificate by loading the
+// certificate and key files. It fills out all the fields in
+// the certificate except for the Managed and OnDemand flags.
+// (It is up to the caller to set those.)
+func makeCertificateFromDisk(certFile, keyFile string) (Certificate, error) {
+	certPEMBlock, err := ioutil.ReadFile(certFile)
+	if err != nil {
+		return Certificate{}, err
+	}
+	keyPEMBlock, err := ioutil.ReadFile(keyFile)
+	if err != nil {
+		return Certificate{}, err
+	}
+	return makeCertificate(certPEMBlock, keyPEMBlock)
+}
+
+// makeCertificate turns a certificate PEM bundle and a key PEM block into
+// a Certificate, with OCSP and other relevant metadata tagged with it,
+// except for the OnDemand and Managed flags. It is up to the caller to
+// set those properties.
+func makeCertificate(certPEMBlock, keyPEMBlock []byte) (Certificate, error) {
+	var cert Certificate
+
+	// Convert to a tls.Certificate
+	tlsCert, err := tls.X509KeyPair(certPEMBlock, keyPEMBlock)
+	if err != nil {
+		return cert, err
+	}
+	if len(tlsCert.Certificate) == 0 {
+		return cert, errors.New("certificate is empty")
+	}
+
+	// Parse leaf certificate and extract relevant metadata
+	leaf, err := x509.ParseCertificate(tlsCert.Certificate[0])
+	if err != nil {
+		return cert, err
+	}
+	if leaf.Subject.CommonName != "" {
+		cert.Names = []string{strings.ToLower(leaf.Subject.CommonName)}
+	}
+	for _, name := range leaf.DNSNames {
+		if name != leaf.Subject.CommonName {
+			cert.Names = append(cert.Names, strings.ToLower(name))
+		}
+	}
+	cert.NotAfter = leaf.NotAfter
+
+	// Staple OCSP
+	ocspBytes, ocspResp, err := acme.GetOCSPForCert(certPEMBlock)
+	if err != nil {
+		// An error here is not a problem because a certificate may simply
+		// not contain a link to an OCSP server. But we should log it anyway.
+		log.Printf("[WARNING] No OCSP stapling for %v: %v", cert.Names, err)
+	} else if ocspResp.Status == ocsp.Good {
+		tlsCert.OCSPStaple = ocspBytes
+		cert.OCSP = ocspResp
+	}
+
+	cert.Certificate = tlsCert
+	return cert, nil
+}
+
+// cacheCertificate adds cert to the in-memory cache. If the cache is
+// empty, cert will be used as the default certificate. If the cache is
+// full, random entries are deleted until there is room to map all the
+// names on the certificate.
+//
+// This certificate will be keyed to the names in cert.Names. Any name
+// that is already a key in the cache will be replaced with this cert.
+//
+// This function is safe for concurrent use.
+func cacheCertificate(cert Certificate) {
+	certCacheMu.Lock()
+	if _, ok := certCache[""]; !ok {
+		// use as default
+		cert.Names = append(cert.Names, "")
+		certCache[""] = cert
+	}
+	for len(certCache)+len(cert.Names) > 10000 {
+		// for simplicity, just remove random elements
+		for key := range certCache {
+			if key == "" { // ... but not the default cert
+				continue
+			}
+			delete(certCache, key)
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	for _, name := range cert.Names {
+		certCache[name] = cert
+	}
+	certCacheMu.Unlock()
+}

caddy/https/certificates_test.go

+package https
+
+import "testing"
+
+func TestUnexportedGetCertificate(t *testing.T) {
+	defer func() { certCache = make(map[string]Certificate) }()
+
+	// When cache is empty
+	if _, matched, defaulted := getCertificate("example.com"); matched || defaulted {
+		t.Errorf("Got a certificate when cache was empty; matched=%v, defaulted=%v", matched, defaulted)
+	}
+
+	// When cache has one certificate in it (also is default)
+	defaultCert := Certificate{Names: []string{"example.com", ""}}
+	certCache[""] = defaultCert
+	certCache["example.com"] = defaultCert
+	if cert, matched, defaulted := getCertificate("Example.com"); !matched || defaulted || cert.Names[0] != "example.com" {
+		t.Errorf("Didn't get a cert for 'Example.com' or got the wrong one: %v, matched=%v, defaulted=%v", cert, matched, defaulted)
+	}
+	if cert, matched, defaulted := getCertificate(""); !matched || defaulted || cert.Names[0] != "example.com" {
+		t.Errorf("Didn't get a cert for '' or got the wrong one: %v, matched=%v, defaulted=%v", cert, matched, defaulted)
+	}
+
+	// When retrieving wildcard certificate
+	certCache["*.example.com"] = Certificate{Names: []string{"*.example.com"}}
+	if cert, matched, defaulted := getCertificate("sub.example.com"); !matched || defaulted || cert.Names[0] != "*.example.com" {
+		t.Errorf("Didn't get wildcard cert for 'sub.example.com' or got the wrong one: %v, matched=%v, defaulted=%v", cert, matched, defaulted)
+	}
+
+	// When no certificate matches, the default is returned
+	if cert, matched, defaulted := getCertificate("nomatch"); matched || !defaulted {
+		t.Errorf("Expected matched=false, defaulted=true; but got matched=%v, defaulted=%v (cert: %v)", matched, defaulted, cert)
+	} else if cert.Names[0] != "example.com" {
+		t.Errorf("Expected default cert, got: %v", cert)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCacheCertificate(t *testing.T) {
+	defer func() { certCache = make(map[string]Certificate) }()
+
+	cacheCertificate(Certificate{Names: []string{"example.com", "sub.example.com"}})
+	if _, ok := certCache["example.com"]; !ok {
+		t.Error("Expected first cert to be cached by key 'example.com', but it wasn't")
+	}
+	if _, ok := certCache["sub.example.com"]; !ok {
+		t.Error("Expected first cert to be cached by key 'sub.exmaple.com', but it wasn't")
+	}
+	if cert, ok := certCache[""]; !ok || cert.Names[2] != "" {
+		t.Error("Expected first cert to be cached additionally as the default certificate with empty name added, but it wasn't")
+	}
+
+	cacheCertificate(Certificate{Names: []string{"example2.com"}})
+	if _, ok := certCache["example2.com"]; !ok {
+		t.Error("Expected second cert to be cached by key 'exmaple2.com', but it wasn't")
+	}
+	if cert, ok := certCache[""]; ok && cert.Names[0] == "example2.com" {
+		t.Error("Expected second cert to NOT be cached as default, but it was")
+	}
+}

caddy/https/client.go

+package https
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"net"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/mholt/caddy/server"
+	"github.com/xenolf/lego/acme"
+)
+
+// acmeMu ensures that only one ACME challenge occurs at a time.
+var acmeMu sync.Mutex
+
+// ACMEClient is an acme.Client with custom state attached.
+type ACMEClient struct {
+	*acme.Client
+	AllowPrompts bool // if false, we assume AlternatePort must be used
+}
+
+// NewACMEClient creates a new ACMEClient given an email and whether
+// prompting the user is allowed. Clients should not be kept and
+// re-used over long periods of time, but immediate re-use is more
+// efficient than re-creating on every iteration.
+var NewACMEClient = func(email string, allowPrompts bool) (*ACMEClient, error) {
+	// Look up or create the LE user account
+	leUser, err := getUser(email)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	// The client facilitates our communication with the CA server.
+	client, err := acme.NewClient(CAUrl, &leUser, KeyType)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	// If not registered, the user must register an account with the CA
+	// and agree to terms
+	if leUser.Registration == nil {
+		reg, err := client.Register()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, errors.New("registration error: " + err.Error())
+		}
+		leUser.Registration = reg
+
+		if allowPrompts { // can't prompt a user who isn't there
+			if !Agreed && reg.TosURL == "" {
+				Agreed = promptUserAgreement(saURL, false) // TODO - latest URL
+			}
+			if !Agreed && reg.TosURL == "" {
+				return nil, errors.New("user must agree to terms")
+			}
+		}
+
+		err = client.AgreeToTOS()
+		if err != nil {
+			saveUser(leUser) // Might as well try, right?
+			return nil, errors.New("error agreeing to terms: " + err.Error())
+		}
+
+		// save user to the file system
+		err = saveUser(leUser)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, errors.New("could not save user: " + err.Error())
+		}
+	}
+
+	return &ACMEClient{
+		Client:       client,
+		AllowPrompts: allowPrompts,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// NewACMEClientGetEmail creates a new ACMEClient and gets an email
+// address at the same time (a server config is required, since it
+// may contain an email address in it).
+func NewACMEClientGetEmail(config server.Config, allowPrompts bool) (*ACMEClient, error) {
+	return NewACMEClient(getEmail(config, allowPrompts), allowPrompts)
+}
+
+// Configure configures c according to bindHost, which is the host (not
+// whole address) to bind the listener to in solving the http and tls-sni
+// challenges.
+func (c *ACMEClient) Configure(bindHost string) {
+	// If we allow prompts, operator must be present. In our case,
+	// that is synonymous with saying the server is not already
+	// started. So if the user is still there, we don't use
+	// AlternatePort because we don't need to proxy the challenges.
+	// Conversely, if the operator is not there, the server has
+	// already started and we need to proxy the challenge.
+	if c.AllowPrompts {
+		// Operator is present; server is not already listening
+		c.SetHTTPAddress(net.JoinHostPort(bindHost, ""))
+		c.SetTLSAddress(net.JoinHostPort(bindHost, ""))
+		//c.ExcludeChallenges([]acme.Challenge{acme.DNS01})
+	} else {
+		// Operator is not present; server is started, so proxy challenges
+		c.SetHTTPAddress(net.JoinHostPort(bindHost, AlternatePort))
+		c.SetTLSAddress(net.JoinHostPort(bindHost, AlternatePort))
+		//c.ExcludeChallenges([]acme.Challenge{acme.TLSSNI01, acme.DNS01})
+	}
+	c.ExcludeChallenges([]acme.Challenge{acme.TLSSNI01, acme.DNS01}) // TODO: can we proxy TLS challenges? and we should support DNS...
+}
+
+// Obtain obtains a single certificate for names. It stores the certificate
+// on the disk if successful.
+func (c *ACMEClient) Obtain(names []string) error {
+Attempts:
+	for attempts := 0; attempts < 2; attempts++ {
+		acmeMu.Lock()
+		certificate, failures := c.ObtainCertificate(names, true, nil)
+		acmeMu.Unlock()
+		if len(failures) > 0 {
+			// Error - try to fix it or report it to the user and abort
+			var errMsg string             // we'll combine all the failures into a single error message
+			var promptedForAgreement bool // only prompt user for agreement at most once
+
+			for errDomain, obtainErr := range failures {
+				// TODO: Double-check, will obtainErr ever be nil?
+				if tosErr, ok := obtainErr.(acme.TOSError); ok {
+					// Terms of Service agreement error; we can probably deal with this
+					if !Agreed && !promptedForAgreement && c.AllowPrompts {
+						Agreed = promptUserAgreement(tosErr.Detail, true) // TODO: Use latest URL
+						promptedForAgreement = true
+					}
+					if Agreed || !c.AllowPrompts {
+						err := c.AgreeToTOS()
+						if err != nil {
+							return errors.New("error agreeing to updated terms: " + err.Error())
+						}
+						continue Attempts
+					}
+				}
+
+				// If user did not agree or it was any other kind of error, just append to the list of errors
+				errMsg += "[" + errDomain + "] failed to get certificate: " + obtainErr.Error() + "\n"
+			}
+			return errors.New(errMsg)
+		}
+
+		// Success - immediately save the certificate resource
+		err := saveCertResource(certificate)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("error saving assets for %v: %v", names, err)
+		}
+
+		break
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Renew renews the managed certificate for name. Right now our storage
+// mechanism only supports one name per certificate, so this function only
+// accepts one domain as input. It can be easily modified to support SAN
+// certificates if, one day, they become desperately needed enough that our
+// storage mechanism is upgraded to be more complex to support SAN certs.
+//
+// Anyway, this function is safe for concurrent use.
+func (c *ACMEClient) Renew(name string) error {
+	// Prepare for renewal (load PEM cert, key, and meta)
+	certBytes, err := ioutil.ReadFile(storage.SiteCertFile(name))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	keyBytes, err := ioutil.ReadFile(storage.SiteKeyFile(name))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	metaBytes, err := ioutil.ReadFile(storage.SiteMetaFile(name))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	var certMeta acme.CertificateResource
+	err = json.Unmarshal(metaBytes, &certMeta)
+	certMeta.Certificate = certBytes
+	certMeta.PrivateKey = keyBytes
+
+	// Perform renewal and retry if necessary, but not too many times.
+	var newCertMeta acme.CertificateResource
+	var success bool
+	for attempts := 0; attempts < 2; attempts++ {
+		acmeMu.Lock()
+		newCertMeta, err = c.RenewCertificate(certMeta, true)
+		acmeMu.Unlock()
+		if err == nil {
+			success = true
+			break
+		}
+
+		// If the legal terms changed and need to be agreed to again,
+		// we can handle that.
+		if _, ok := err.(acme.TOSError); ok {
+			err := c.AgreeToTOS()
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// For any other kind of error, wait 10s and try again.
+		time.Sleep(10 * time.Second)
+	}
+
+	if !success {
+		return errors.New("too many renewal attempts; last error: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	return saveCertResource(newCertMeta)
+}

caddy/https/crypto.go

+package https
+
+import (
+	"crypto"
+	"crypto/ecdsa"
+	"crypto/rsa"
+	"crypto/x509"
+	"encoding/pem"
+	"errors"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"os"
+)
+
+// loadPrivateKey loads a PEM-encoded ECC/RSA private key from file.
+func loadPrivateKey(file string) (crypto.PrivateKey, error) {
+	keyBytes, err := ioutil.ReadFile(file)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	keyBlock, _ := pem.Decode(keyBytes)
+	
+	switch keyBlock.Type {
+	case "RSA PRIVATE KEY":
+		return x509.ParsePKCS1PrivateKey(keyBlock.Bytes)
+	case "EC PRIVATE KEY":
+		return x509.ParseECPrivateKey(keyBlock.Bytes)
+	}
+
+	return nil, errors.New("unknown private key type")
+}
+
+// savePrivateKey saves a PEM-encoded ECC/RSA private key to file.
+func savePrivateKey(key crypto.PrivateKey, file string) error {
+	var pemType string
+	var keyBytes []byte
+	switch key := key.(type) {
+	case *ecdsa.PrivateKey:
+		var err error
+		pemType = "EC"
+		keyBytes, err = x509.MarshalECPrivateKey(key)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	case *rsa.PrivateKey:
+		pemType = "RSA"
+		keyBytes = x509.MarshalPKCS1PrivateKey(key)
+	}
+	
+	pemKey := pem.Block{Type: pemType + " PRIVATE KEY", Bytes: keyBytes}
+	keyOut, err := os.Create(file)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	keyOut.Chmod(0600)
+	defer keyOut.Close()
+	return pem.Encode(keyOut, &pemKey)
+}

caddy/letsencrypt/crypto_test.go → caddy/https/crypto_test.go

-package letsencrypt
+package https
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
+	"crypto"
+	"crypto/ecdsa"
+	"crypto/elliptic"
 	"crypto/rand"
 	"crypto/rsa"
 	"crypto/x509"
@@ -10,21 +13,17 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 )
 
-func init() {
-	rsaKeySizeToUse = 128 // make tests faster; small key size OK for testing
-}
-
 func TestSaveAndLoadRSAPrivateKey(t *testing.T) {
 	keyFile := "test.key"
 	defer os.Remove(keyFile)
 
-	privateKey, err := rsa.GenerateKey(rand.Reader, rsaKeySizeToUse)
+	privateKey, err := rsa.GenerateKey(rand.Reader, 2048)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
 	// test save
-	err = saveRSAPrivateKey(privateKey, keyFile)
+	err = savePrivateKey(privateKey, keyFile)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal("error saving private key:", err)
 	}
@@ -43,23 +42,70 @@ func TestSaveAndLoadRSAPrivateKey(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	// test load
-	loadedKey, err := loadRSAPrivateKey(keyFile)
+	loadedKey, err := loadPrivateKey(keyFile)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Error("error loading private key:", err)
 	}
 
 	// verify loaded key is correct
-	if !rsaPrivateKeysSame(privateKey, loadedKey) {
+	if !PrivateKeysSame(privateKey, loadedKey) {
 		t.Error("Expected key bytes to be the same, but they weren't")
 	}
 }
 
-// rsaPrivateKeysSame compares the bytes of a and b and returns true if they are the same.
-func rsaPrivateKeysSame(a, b *rsa.PrivateKey) bool {
-	return bytes.Equal(rsaPrivateKeyBytes(a), rsaPrivateKeyBytes(b))
+func TestSaveAndLoadECCPrivateKey(t *testing.T) {
+	keyFile := "test.key"
+	defer os.Remove(keyFile)
+
+	privateKey, err := ecdsa.GenerateKey(elliptic.P384(), rand.Reader)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// test save
+	err = savePrivateKey(privateKey, keyFile)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal("error saving private key:", err)
+	}
+
+	// it doesn't make sense to test file permission on windows
+	if runtime.GOOS != "windows" {
+		// get info of the key file
+		info, err := os.Stat(keyFile)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal("error stating private key:", err)
+		}
+		// verify permission of key file is correct
+		if info.Mode().Perm() != 0600 {
+			t.Error("Expected key file to have permission 0600, but it wasn't")
+		}
+	}
+
+	// test load
+	loadedKey, err := loadPrivateKey(keyFile)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error("error loading private key:", err)
+	}
+
+	// verify loaded key is correct
+        if !PrivateKeysSame(privateKey, loadedKey) {
+                t.Error("Expected key bytes to be the same, but they weren't")
+        }
+}
+
+// PrivateKeysSame compares the bytes of a and b and returns true if they are the same.
+func PrivateKeysSame(a, b crypto.PrivateKey) bool {
+	return bytes.Equal(PrivateKeyBytes(a), PrivateKeyBytes(b))
 }
 
-// rsaPrivateKeyBytes returns the bytes of DER-encoded key.
-func rsaPrivateKeyBytes(key *rsa.PrivateKey) []byte {
-	return x509.MarshalPKCS1PrivateKey(key)
+// PrivateKeyBytes returns the bytes of DER-encoded key.
+func PrivateKeyBytes(key crypto.PrivateKey) []byte {
+	var keyBytes []byte
+	switch key := key.(type) {
+	case *rsa.PrivateKey:
+		keyBytes = x509.MarshalPKCS1PrivateKey(key)
+	case *ecdsa.PrivateKey:
+		keyBytes, _ = x509.MarshalECPrivateKey(key)
+	}
+	return keyBytes
 }

caddy/letsencrypt/handler.go → caddy/https/handler.go

-package letsencrypt
+package https
 
 import (
 	"crypto/tls"
 	"log"
-	"net"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/http/httputil"
 	"net/url"
@@ -23,21 +22,16 @@ func RequestCallback(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) bool {
 			scheme = "https"
 		}
 
-		hostname, _, err := net.SplitHostPort(r.URL.Host)
-		if err != nil {
-			hostname = r.URL.Host
-		}
-
-		upstream, err := url.Parse(scheme + "://" + hostname + ":" + AlternatePort)
+		upstream, err := url.Parse(scheme + "://localhost:" + AlternatePort)
 		if err != nil {
 			w.WriteHeader(http.StatusInternalServerError)
-			log.Printf("[ERROR] letsencrypt handler: %v", err)
+			log.Printf("[ERROR] ACME proxy handler: %v", err)
 			return true
 		}
 
 		proxy := httputil.NewSingleHostReverseProxy(upstream)
 		proxy.Transport = &http.Transport{
-			TLSClientConfig: &tls.Config{InsecureSkipVerify: true}, // client would use self-signed cert
+			TLSClientConfig: &tls.Config{InsecureSkipVerify: true}, // solver uses self-signed certs
 		}
 		proxy.ServeHTTP(w, r)
 

caddy/letsencrypt/handler_test.go → caddy/https/handler_test.go

-package letsencrypt
+package https
 
 import (
 	"net"

caddy/https/handshake_test.go

+package https
+
+import (
+	"crypto/tls"
+	"crypto/x509"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestGetCertificate(t *testing.T) {
+	defer func() { certCache = make(map[string]Certificate) }()
+
+	hello := &tls.ClientHelloInfo{ServerName: "example.com"}
+	helloSub := &tls.ClientHelloInfo{ServerName: "sub.example.com"}
+	helloNoSNI := &tls.ClientHelloInfo{}
+	helloNoMatch := &tls.ClientHelloInfo{ServerName: "nomatch"}
+
+	// When cache is empty
+	if cert, err := GetCertificate(hello); err == nil {
+		t.Errorf("GetCertificate should return error when cache is empty, got: %v", cert)
+	}
+	if cert, err := GetCertificate(helloNoSNI); err == nil {
+		t.Errorf("GetCertificate should return error when cache is empty even if server name is blank, got: %v", cert)
+	}
+
+	// When cache has one certificate in it (also is default)
+	defaultCert := Certificate{Names: []string{"example.com", ""}, Certificate: tls.Certificate{Leaf: &x509.Certificate{DNSNames: []string{"example.com"}}}}
+	certCache[""] = defaultCert
+	certCache["example.com"] = defaultCert
+	if cert, err := GetCertificate(hello); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Got an error but shouldn't have, when cert exists in cache: %v", err)
+	} else if cert.Leaf.DNSNames[0] != "example.com" {
+		t.Errorf("Got wrong certificate with exact match; expected 'example.com', got: %v", cert)
+	}
+	if cert, err := GetCertificate(helloNoSNI); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Got an error with no SNI but shouldn't have, when cert exists in cache: %v", err)
+	} else if cert.Leaf.DNSNames[0] != "example.com" {
+		t.Errorf("Got wrong certificate for no SNI; expected 'example.com' as default, got: %v", cert)
+	}
+
+	// When retrieving wildcard certificate
+	certCache["*.example.com"] = Certificate{Names: []string{"*.example.com"}, Certificate: tls.Certificate{Leaf: &x509.Certificate{DNSNames: []string{"*.example.com"}}}}
+	if cert, err := GetCertificate(helloSub); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Didn't get wildcard cert, got: cert=%v, err=%v ", cert, err)
+	} else if cert.Leaf.DNSNames[0] != "*.example.com" {
+		t.Errorf("Got wrong certificate, expected wildcard: %v", cert)
+	}
+
+	// When no certificate matches, the default is returned
+	if cert, err := GetCertificate(helloNoMatch); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Expected default certificate with no error when no matches, got err: %v", err)
+	} else if cert.Leaf.DNSNames[0] != "example.com" {
+		t.Errorf("Expected default cert with no matches, got: %v", cert)
+	}
+}

caddy/letsencrypt/letsencrypt_test.go → caddy/https/https_test.go

-package letsencrypt
+package https
 
 import (
 	"io/ioutil"
@@ -46,10 +46,11 @@ func TestConfigQualifies(t *testing.T) {
 		cfg    server.Config
 		expect bool
 	}{
+		{server.Config{Host: ""}, false},
 		{server.Config{Host: "localhost"}, false},
+		{server.Config{Host: "123.44.3.21"}, false},
 		{server.Config{Host: "example.com"}, true},
-		{server.Config{Host: "example.com", TLS: server.TLSConfig{Certificate: "cert.pem"}}, false},
-		{server.Config{Host: "example.com", TLS: server.TLSConfig{Key: "key.pem"}}, false},
+		{server.Config{Host: "example.com", TLS: server.TLSConfig{Manual: true}}, false},
 		{server.Config{Host: "example.com", TLS: server.TLSConfig{LetsEncryptEmail: "off"}}, false},
 		{server.Config{Host: "example.com", TLS: server.TLSConfig{LetsEncryptEmail: "foo@bar.com"}}, true},
 		{server.Config{Host: "example.com", Scheme: "http"}, false},
@@ -86,11 +87,11 @@ func TestRedirPlaintextHost(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	// Make sure redirect handler is set up properly
-	if cfg.Middleware == nil || len(cfg.Middleware["/"]) != 1 {
+	if cfg.Middleware == nil || len(cfg.Middleware) != 1 {
 		t.Fatalf("Redir config middleware not set up properly; got: %#v", cfg.Middleware)
 	}
 
-	handler, ok := cfg.Middleware["/"][0](nil).(redirect.Redirect)
+	handler, ok := cfg.Middleware[0](nil).(redirect.Redirect)
 	if !ok {
 		t.Fatalf("Expected a redirect.Redirect middleware, but got: %#v", handler)
 	}
@@ -105,18 +106,18 @@ func TestRedirPlaintextHost(t *testing.T) {
 	if actual, expected := handler.Rules[0].FromPath, "/"; actual != expected {
 		t.Errorf("Expected redirect rule to be for path '%s' but is actually for '%s'", expected, actual)
 	}
-	if actual, expected := handler.Rules[0].To, "https://example.com:1234{uri}"; actual != expected {
+	if actual, expected := handler.Rules[0].To, "https://{host}:1234{uri}"; actual != expected {
 		t.Errorf("Expected redirect rule to be to URL '%s' but is actually to '%s'", expected, actual)
 	}
 	if actual, expected := handler.Rules[0].Code, http.StatusMovedPermanently; actual != expected {
 		t.Errorf("Expected redirect rule to have code %d but was %d", expected, actual)
 	}
 
-	// browsers can interpret default ports with scheme, so make sure the port
-	// doesn't get added in explicitly for default ports.
+	// browsers can infer a default port from scheme, so make sure the port
+	// doesn't get added in explicitly for default ports like 443 for https.
 	cfg = redirPlaintextHost(server.Config{Host: "example.com", Port: "443"})
-	handler, ok = cfg.Middleware["/"][0](nil).(redirect.Redirect)
-	if actual, expected := handler.Rules[0].To, "https://example.com{uri}"; actual != expected {
+	handler, ok = cfg.Middleware[0](nil).(redirect.Redirect)
+	if actual, expected := handler.Rules[0].To, "https://{host}{uri}"; actual != expected {
 		t.Errorf("(Default Port) Expected redirect rule to be to URL '%s' but is actually to '%s'", expected, actual)
 	}
 }
@@ -208,9 +209,9 @@ func TestExistingCertAndKey(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestHostHasOtherPort(t *testing.T) {
 	configs := []server.Config{
-		server.Config{Host: "example.com", Port: "80"},
-		server.Config{Host: "sub1.example.com", Port: "80"},
-		server.Config{Host: "sub1.example.com", Port: "443"},
+		{Host: "example.com", Port: "80"},
+		{Host: "sub1.example.com", Port: "80"},
+		{Host: "sub1.example.com", Port: "443"},
 	}
 
 	if hostHasOtherPort(configs, 0, "80") {
@@ -227,18 +228,18 @@ func TestHostHasOtherPort(t *testing.T) {
 func TestMakePlaintextRedirects(t *testing.T) {
 	configs := []server.Config{
 		// Happy path = standard redirect from 80 to 443
-		server.Config{Host: "example.com", TLS: server.TLSConfig{Managed: true}},
+		{Host: "example.com", TLS: server.TLSConfig{Managed: true}},
 
 		// Host on port 80 already defined; don't change it (no redirect)
-		server.Config{Host: "sub1.example.com", Port: "80", Scheme: "http"},
-		server.Config{Host: "sub1.example.com", TLS: server.TLSConfig{Managed: true}},
+		{Host: "sub1.example.com", Port: "80", Scheme: "http"},
+		{Host: "sub1.example.com", TLS: server.TLSConfig{Managed: true}},
 
 		// Redirect from port 80 to port 5000 in this case
-		server.Config{Host: "sub2.example.com", Port: "5000", TLS: server.TLSConfig{Managed: true}},
+		{Host: "sub2.example.com", Port: "5000", TLS: server.TLSConfig{Managed: true}},
 
 		// Can redirect from 80 to either 443 or 5001, but choose 443
-		server.Config{Host: "sub3.example.com", Port: "443", TLS: server.TLSConfig{Managed: true}},
-		server.Config{Host: "sub3.example.com", Port: "5001", Scheme: "https", TLS: server.TLSConfig{Managed: true}},
+		{Host: "sub3.example.com", Port: "443", TLS: server.TLSConfig{Managed: true}},
+		{Host: "sub3.example.com", Port: "5001", Scheme: "https", TLS: server.TLSConfig{Managed: true}},
 	}
 
 	result := MakePlaintextRedirects(configs)
@@ -252,31 +253,18 @@ func TestMakePlaintextRedirects(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestEnableTLS(t *testing.T) {
 	configs := []server.Config{
-		server.Config{TLS: server.TLSConfig{Managed: true}},
-		server.Config{}, // not managed - no changes!
+		{Host: "example.com", TLS: server.TLSConfig{Managed: true}},
+		{}, // not managed - no changes!
 	}
 
-	EnableTLS(configs)
+	EnableTLS(configs, false)
 
 	if !configs[0].TLS.Enabled {
 		t.Errorf("Expected config 0 to have TLS.Enabled == true, but it was false")
 	}
-	if configs[0].TLS.Certificate == "" {
-		t.Errorf("Expected config 0 to have TLS.Certificate set, but it was empty")
-	}
-	if configs[0].TLS.Key == "" {
-		t.Errorf("Expected config 0 to have TLS.Key set, but it was empty")
-	}
-
 	if configs[1].TLS.Enabled {
 		t.Errorf("Expected config 1 to have TLS.Enabled == false, but it was true")
 	}
-	if configs[1].TLS.Certificate != "" {
-		t.Errorf("Expected config 1 to have TLS.Certificate empty, but it was: %s", configs[1].TLS.Certificate)
-	}
-	if configs[1].TLS.Key != "" {
-		t.Errorf("Expected config 1 to have TLS.Key empty, but it was: %s", configs[1].TLS.Key)
-	}
 }
 
 func TestGroupConfigsByEmail(t *testing.T) {
@@ -285,12 +273,12 @@ func TestGroupConfigsByEmail(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	configs := []server.Config{
-		server.Config{Host: "example.com", TLS: server.TLSConfig{LetsEncryptEmail: "", Managed: true}},
-		server.Config{Host: "sub1.example.com", TLS: server.TLSConfig{LetsEncryptEmail: "foo@bar", Managed: true}},
-		server.Config{Host: "sub2.example.com", TLS: server.TLSConfig{LetsEncryptEmail: "", Managed: true}},
-		server.Config{Host: "sub3.example.com", TLS: server.TLSConfig{LetsEncryptEmail: "foo@bar", Managed: true}},
-		server.Config{Host: "sub4.example.com", TLS: server.TLSConfig{LetsEncryptEmail: "", Managed: true}},
-		server.Config{Host: "sub5.example.com", TLS: server.TLSConfig{LetsEncryptEmail: ""}}, // not managed
+		{Host: "example.com", TLS: server.TLSConfig{LetsEncryptEmail: "", Managed: true}},
+		{Host: "sub1.example.com", TLS: server.TLSConfig{LetsEncryptEmail: "foo@bar", Managed: true}},
+		{Host: "sub2.example.com", TLS: server.TLSConfig{LetsEncryptEmail: "", Managed: true}},
+		{Host: "sub3.example.com", TLS: server.TLSConfig{LetsEncryptEmail: "foo@bar", Managed: true}},
+		{Host: "sub4.example.com", TLS: server.TLSConfig{LetsEncryptEmail: "", Managed: true}},
+		{Host: "sub5.example.com", TLS: server.TLSConfig{LetsEncryptEmail: ""}}, // not managed
 	}
 	DefaultEmail = "test@example.com"
 
@@ -314,10 +302,11 @@ func TestGroupConfigsByEmail(t *testing.T) {
 func TestMarkQualified(t *testing.T) {
 	// TODO: TestConfigQualifies and this test share the same config list...
 	configs := []server.Config{
+		{Host: ""},
 		{Host: "localhost"},
+		{Host: "123.44.3.21"},
 		{Host: "example.com"},
-		{Host: "example.com", TLS: server.TLSConfig{Certificate: "cert.pem"}},
-		{Host: "example.com", TLS: server.TLSConfig{Key: "key.pem"}},
+		{Host: "example.com", TLS: server.TLSConfig{Manual: true}},
 		{Host: "example.com", TLS: server.TLSConfig{LetsEncryptEmail: "off"}},
 		{Host: "example.com", TLS: server.TLSConfig{LetsEncryptEmail: "foo@bar.com"}},
 		{Host: "example.com", Scheme: "http"},

caddy/https/maintain.go

+package https
+
+import (
+	"log"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/mholt/caddy/server"
+
+	"golang.org/x/crypto/ocsp"
+)
+
+const (
+	// RenewInterval is how often to check certificates for renewal.
+	RenewInterval = 12 * time.Hour
+
+	// OCSPInterval is how often to check if OCSP stapling needs updating.
+	OCSPInterval = 1 * time.Hour
+)
+
+// maintainAssets is a permanently-blocking function
+// that loops indefinitely and, on a regular schedule, checks
+// certificates for expiration and initiates a renewal of certs
+// that are expiring soon. It also updates OCSP stapling and
+// performs other maintenance of assets.
+//
+// You must pass in the channel which you'll close when
+// maintenance should stop, to allow this goroutine to clean up
+// after itself and unblock.
+func maintainAssets(stopChan chan struct{}) {
+	renewalTicker := time.NewTicker(RenewInterval)
+	ocspTicker := time.NewTicker(OCSPInterval)
+
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-renewalTicker.C:
+			log.Println("[INFO] Scanning for expiring certificates")
+			renewManagedCertificates(false)
+			log.Println("[INFO] Done checking certificates")
+		case <-ocspTicker.C:
+			log.Println("[INFO] Scanning for stale OCSP staples")
+			updateOCSPStaples()
+			log.Println("[INFO] Done checking OCSP staples")
+		case <-stopChan:
+			renewalTicker.Stop()
+			ocspTicker.Stop()
+			log.Println("[INFO] Stopped background maintenance routine")
+			return
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func renewManagedCertificates(allowPrompts bool) (err error) {
+	var renewed, deleted []Certificate
+	var client *ACMEClient
+	visitedNames := make(map[string]struct{})
+
+	certCacheMu.RLock()
+	for name, cert := range certCache {
+		if !cert.Managed {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// the list of names on this cert should never be empty...
+		if cert.Names == nil || len(cert.Names) == 0 {
+			log.Printf("[WARNING] Certificate keyed by '%s' has no names: %v", name, cert.Names)
+			deleted = append(deleted, cert)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// skip names whose certificate we've already renewed
+		if _, ok := visitedNames[name]; ok {
+			continue
+		}
+		for _, name := range cert.Names {
+			visitedNames[name] = struct{}{}
+		}
+
+		timeLeft := cert.NotAfter.Sub(time.Now().UTC())
+		if timeLeft < renewDurationBefore {
+			log.Printf("[INFO] Certificate for %v expires in %v; attempting renewal", cert.Names, timeLeft)
+
+			if client == nil {
+				client, err = NewACMEClientGetEmail(server.Config{}, allowPrompts)
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+				client.Configure("") // TODO: Bind address of relevant listener, yuck
+			}
+
+			err := client.Renew(cert.Names[0]) // managed certs better have only one name
+			if err != nil {
+				if client.AllowPrompts && timeLeft < 0 {
+					// Certificate renewal failed, the operator is present, and the certificate
+					// is already expired; we should stop immediately and return the error. Note
+					// that we used to do this any time a renewal failed at startup. However,
+					// after discussion in https://github.com/mholt/caddy/issues/642 we decided to
+					// only stop startup if the certificate is expired. We still log the error
+					// otherwise.
+					certCacheMu.RUnlock()
+					return err
+				}
+				log.Printf("[ERROR] %v", err)
+				if cert.OnDemand {
+					deleted = append(deleted, cert)
+				}
+			} else {
+				renewed = append(renewed, cert)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	certCacheMu.RUnlock()
+
+	// Apply changes to the cache
+	for _, cert := range renewed {
+		_, err := cacheManagedCertificate(cert.Names[0], cert.OnDemand)
+		if err != nil {
+			if client.AllowPrompts {
+				return err // operator is present, so report error immediately
+			}
+			log.Printf("[ERROR] %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+	for _, cert := range deleted {
+		certCacheMu.Lock()
+		for _, name := range cert.Names {
+			delete(certCache, name)
+		}
+		certCacheMu.Unlock()
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func updateOCSPStaples() {
+	// Create a temporary place to store updates
+	// until we release the potentially long-lived
+	// read lock and use a short-lived write lock.
+	type ocspUpdate struct {
+		rawBytes []byte
+		parsed   *ocsp.Response
+	}
+	updated := make(map[string]ocspUpdate)
+
+	// A single SAN certificate maps to multiple names, so we use this
+	// set to make sure we don't waste cycles checking OCSP for the same
+	// certificate multiple times.
+	visited := make(map[string]struct{})
+
+	certCacheMu.RLock()
+	for name, cert := range certCache {
+		// skip this certificate if we've already visited it,
+		// and if not, mark all the names as visited
+		if _, ok := visited[name]; ok {
+			continue
+		}
+		for _, n := range cert.Names {
+			visited[n] = struct{}{}
+		}
+
+		// no point in updating OCSP for expired certificates
+		if time.Now().After(cert.NotAfter) {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		var lastNextUpdate time.Time
+		if cert.OCSP != nil {
+			// start checking OCSP staple about halfway through validity period for good measure
+			lastNextUpdate = cert.OCSP.NextUpdate
+			refreshTime := cert.OCSP.ThisUpdate.Add(lastNextUpdate.Sub(cert.OCSP.ThisUpdate) / 2)
+
+			// since OCSP is already stapled, we need only check if we're in that "refresh window"
+			if time.Now().Before(refreshTime) {
+				continue
+			}
+		}
+
+		err := stapleOCSP(&cert, nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			if cert.OCSP != nil {
+				// if it was no staple before, that's fine, otherwise we should log the error
+				log.Printf("[ERROR] Checking OCSP for %s: %v", name, err)
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// By this point, we've obtained the latest OCSP response.
+		// If there was no staple before, or if the response is updated, make
+		// sure we apply the update to all names on the certificate.
+		if lastNextUpdate.IsZero() || lastNextUpdate != cert.OCSP.NextUpdate {
+			log.Printf("[INFO] Advancing OCSP staple for %v from %s to %s",
+				cert.Names, lastNextUpdate, cert.OCSP.NextUpdate)
+			for _, n := range cert.Names {
+				updated[n] = ocspUpdate{rawBytes: cert.Certificate.OCSPStaple, parsed: cert.OCSP}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	certCacheMu.RUnlock()
+
+	// This write lock should be brief since we have all the info we need now.
+	certCacheMu.Lock()
+	for name, update := range updated {
+		cert := certCache[name]
+		cert.OCSP = update.parsed
+		cert.Certificate.OCSPStaple = update.rawBytes
+		certCache[name] = cert
+	}
+	certCacheMu.Unlock()
+}
+
+// renewDurationBefore is how long before expiration to renew certificates.
+const renewDurationBefore = (24 * time.Hour) * 30

caddy/setup/tls.go → caddy/https/setup.go

-package setup
+package https
 
 import (
+	"bytes"
 	"crypto/tls"
+	"encoding/pem"
+	"io/ioutil"
 	"log"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 
+	"github.com/mholt/caddy/caddy/setup"
 	"github.com/mholt/caddy/middleware"
 	"github.com/mholt/caddy/server"
 )
 
-// TLS sets up the TLS configuration (but does not activate Let's Encrypt; that is handled elsewhere).
-func TLS(c *Controller) (middleware.Middleware, error) {
-	if c.Scheme == "http" {
+// Setup sets up the TLS configuration and installs certificates that
+// are specified by the user in the config file. All the automatic HTTPS
+// stuff comes later outside of this function.
+func Setup(c *setup.Controller) (middleware.Middleware, error) {
+	if c.Port == "80" || c.Scheme == "http" {
 		c.TLS.Enabled = false
 		log.Printf("[WARNING] TLS disabled for %s://%s.", c.Scheme, c.Address())
-	} else {
-		c.TLS.Enabled = true
+		return nil, nil
 	}
+	c.TLS.Enabled = true
 
 	for c.Next() {
+		var certificateFile, keyFile, loadDir, maxCerts string
+
 		args := c.RemainingArgs()
 		switch len(args) {
 		case 1:
 			c.TLS.LetsEncryptEmail = args[0]
 
-			// user can force-disable LE activation this way
+			// user can force-disable managed TLS this way
 			if c.TLS.LetsEncryptEmail == "off" {
 				c.TLS.Enabled = false
+				return nil, nil
 			}
 		case 2:
-			c.TLS.Certificate = args[0]
-			c.TLS.Key = args[1]
+			certificateFile = args[0]
+			keyFile = args[1]
+			c.TLS.Manual = true
 		}
 
 		// Optional block with extra parameters
@@ -66,9 +79,12 @@ func TLS(c *Controller) (middleware.Middleware, error) {
 				if len(c.TLS.ClientCerts) == 0 {
 					return nil, c.ArgErr()
 				}
-			// TODO: Allow this? It's a bad idea to allow HTTP. If we do this, make sure invoking tls at all (even manually) also sets up a redirect if possible?
-			// case "allow_http":
-			// 	c.TLS.DisableHTTPRedir = true
+			case "load":
+				c.Args(&loadDir)
+				c.TLS.Manual = true
+			case "max_certs":
+				c.Args(&maxCerts)
+				c.TLS.OnDemand = true
 			default:
 				return nil, c.Errf("Unknown keyword '%s'", c.Val())
 			}
@@ -78,24 +94,140 @@ func TLS(c *Controller) (middleware.Middleware, error) {
 		if len(args) == 0 && !hadBlock {
 			return nil, c.ArgErr()
 		}
+
+		// set certificate limit if on-demand TLS is enabled
+		if maxCerts != "" {
+			maxCertsNum, err := strconv.Atoi(maxCerts)
+			if err != nil || maxCertsNum < 1 {
+				return nil, c.Err("max_certs must be a positive integer")
+			}
+			if onDemandMaxIssue == 0 || int32(maxCertsNum) < onDemandMaxIssue { // keep the minimum; TODO: We have to do this because it is global; should be per-server or per-vhost...
+				onDemandMaxIssue = int32(maxCertsNum)
+			}
+		}
+
+		// don't try to load certificates unless we're supposed to
+		if !c.TLS.Enabled || !c.TLS.Manual {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// load a single certificate and key, if specified
+		if certificateFile != "" && keyFile != "" {
+			err := cacheUnmanagedCertificatePEMFile(certificateFile, keyFile)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, c.Errf("Unable to load certificate and key files for %s: %v", c.Host, err)
+			}
+			log.Printf("[INFO] Successfully loaded TLS assets from %s and %s", certificateFile, keyFile)
+		}
+
+		// load a directory of certificates, if specified
+		if loadDir != "" {
+			err := loadCertsInDir(c, loadDir)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+		}
 	}
 
-	SetDefaultTLSParams(c.Config)
+	setDefaultTLSParams(c.Config)
 
 	return nil, nil
 }
 
-// SetDefaultTLSParams sets the default TLS cipher suites, protocol versions,
+// loadCertsInDir loads all the certificates/keys in dir, as long as
+// the file ends with .pem. This method of loading certificates is
+// modeled after haproxy, which expects the certificate and key to
+// be bundled into the same file:
+// https://cbonte.github.io/haproxy-dconv/configuration-1.5.html#5.1-crt
+//
+// This function may write to the log as it walks the directory tree.
+func loadCertsInDir(c *setup.Controller, dir string) error {
+	return filepath.Walk(dir, func(path string, info os.FileInfo, err error) error {
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Printf("[WARNING] Unable to traverse into %s; skipping", path)
+			return nil
+		}
+		if info.IsDir() {
+			return nil
+		}
+		if strings.HasSuffix(strings.ToLower(info.Name()), ".pem") {
+			certBuilder, keyBuilder := new(bytes.Buffer), new(bytes.Buffer)
+			var foundKey bool // use only the first key in the file
+
+			bundle, err := ioutil.ReadFile(path)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+
+			for {
+				// Decode next block so we can see what type it is
+				var derBlock *pem.Block
+				derBlock, bundle = pem.Decode(bundle)
+				if derBlock == nil {
+					break
+				}
+
+				if derBlock.Type == "CERTIFICATE" {
+					// Re-encode certificate as PEM, appending to certificate chain
+					pem.Encode(certBuilder, derBlock)
+				} else if derBlock.Type == "EC PARAMETERS" {
+					// EC keys generated from openssl can be composed of two blocks:
+					// parameters and key (parameter block should come first)
+					if !foundKey {
+						// Encode parameters
+						pem.Encode(keyBuilder, derBlock)
+
+						// Key must immediately follow
+						derBlock, bundle = pem.Decode(bundle)
+						if derBlock == nil || derBlock.Type != "EC PRIVATE KEY" {
+							return c.Errf("%s: expected elliptic private key to immediately follow EC parameters", path)
+						}
+						pem.Encode(keyBuilder, derBlock)
+						foundKey = true
+					}
+				} else if derBlock.Type == "PRIVATE KEY" || strings.HasSuffix(derBlock.Type, " PRIVATE KEY") {
+					// RSA key
+					if !foundKey {
+						pem.Encode(keyBuilder, derBlock)
+						foundKey = true
+					}
+				} else {
+					return c.Errf("%s: unrecognized PEM block type: %s", path, derBlock.Type)
+				}
+			}
+
+			certPEMBytes, keyPEMBytes := certBuilder.Bytes(), keyBuilder.Bytes()
+			if len(certPEMBytes) == 0 {
+				return c.Errf("%s: failed to parse PEM data", path)
+			}
+			if len(keyPEMBytes) == 0 {
+				return c.Errf("%s: no private key block found", path)
+			}
+
+			err = cacheUnmanagedCertificatePEMBytes(certPEMBytes, keyPEMBytes)
+			if err != nil {
+				return c.Errf("%s: failed to load cert and key for %s: %v", path, c.Host, err)
+			}
+			log.Printf("[INFO] Successfully loaded TLS assets from %s", path)
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
+}
+
+// setDefaultTLSParams sets the default TLS cipher suites, protocol versions,
 // and server preferences of a server.Config if they were not previously set
-// (it does not overwrite; only fills in missing values).
-func SetDefaultTLSParams(c *server.Config) {
-	// If no ciphers provided, use all that Caddy supports for the protocol
+// (it does not overwrite; only fills in missing values). It will also set the
+// port to 443 if not already set, TLS is enabled, TLS is manual, and the host
+// does not equal localhost.
+func setDefaultTLSParams(c *server.Config) {
+	// If no ciphers provided, use default list
 	if len(c.TLS.Ciphers) == 0 {
 		c.TLS.Ciphers = defaultCiphers
 	}
 
 	// Not a cipher suite, but still important for mitigating protocol downgrade attacks
-	c.TLS.Ciphers = append(c.TLS.Ciphers, tls.TLS_FALLBACK_SCSV)
+	// (prepend since having it at end breaks http2 due to non-h2-approved suites before it)
+	c.TLS.Ciphers = append([]uint16{tls.TLS_FALLBACK_SCSV}, c.TLS.Ciphers...)
 
 	// Set default protocol min and max versions - must balance compatibility and security
 	if c.TLS.ProtocolMinVersion == 0 {
@@ -110,14 +242,14 @@ func SetDefaultTLSParams(c *server.Config) {
 
 	// Default TLS port is 443; only use if port is not manually specified,
 	// TLS is enabled, and the host is not localhost
-	if c.Port == "" && c.TLS.Enabled && c.Host != "localhost" {
+	if c.Port == "" && c.TLS.Enabled && (!c.TLS.Manual || c.TLS.OnDemand) && c.Host != "localhost" {
 		c.Port = "443"
 	}
 }
 
-// Map of supported protocols
-// SSLv3 will be not supported in future release
-// HTTP/2 only supports TLS 1.2 and higher
+// Map of supported protocols.
+// SSLv3 will be not supported in future release.
+// HTTP/2 only supports TLS 1.2 and higher.
 var supportedProtocols = map[string]uint16{
 	"ssl3.0": tls.VersionSSL30,
 	"tls1.0": tls.VersionTLS10,
@@ -136,6 +268,8 @@ var supportedProtocols = map[string]uint16{
 //
 // This map, like any map, is NOT ORDERED. Do not range over this map.
 var supportedCiphersMap = map[string]uint16{
+	"ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384":   tls.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,
+	"ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384": tls.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,
 	"ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256":   tls.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,
 	"ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256": tls.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,
 	"ECDHE-RSA-AES128-CBC-SHA":      tls.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,
@@ -155,6 +289,8 @@ var supportedCiphersMap = map[string]uint16{
 // Note that TLS_FALLBACK_SCSV is not in this list since it is always
 // added manually.
 var supportedCiphers = []uint16{
+	tls.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,
+	tls.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,
 	tls.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,
 	tls.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,
 	tls.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA,
@@ -169,6 +305,8 @@ var supportedCiphers = []uint16{
 
 // List of all the ciphers we want to use by default
 var defaultCiphers = []uint16{
+	tls.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,
+	tls.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,
 	tls.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,
 	tls.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,
 	tls.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA,

caddy/setup/tls_test.go → caddy/https/setup_test.go

-package setup
+package https
 
 import (
 	"crypto/tls"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"log"
+	"os"
 	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/mholt/caddy/caddy/setup"
 )
 
-func TestTLSParseBasic(t *testing.T) {
-	c := NewTestController(`tls cert.pem key.pem`)
+func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
+	// Write test certificates to disk before tests, and clean up
+	// when we're done.
+	err := ioutil.WriteFile(certFile, testCert, 0644)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	err = ioutil.WriteFile(keyFile, testKey, 0644)
+	if err != nil {
+		os.Remove(certFile)
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	result := m.Run()
+
+	os.Remove(certFile)
+	os.Remove(keyFile)
+	os.Exit(result)
+}
 
-	_, err := TLS(c)
+func TestSetupParseBasic(t *testing.T) {
+	c := setup.NewTestController(`tls ` + certFile + ` ` + keyFile + ``)
+
+	_, err := Setup(c)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("Expected no errors, got: %v", err)
 	}
 
 	// Basic checks
-	if c.TLS.Certificate != "cert.pem" {
-		t.Errorf("Expected certificate arg to be 'cert.pem', was '%s'", c.TLS.Certificate)
-	}
-	if c.TLS.Key != "key.pem" {
-		t.Errorf("Expected key arg to be 'key.pem', was '%s'", c.TLS.Key)
+	if !c.TLS.Manual {
+		t.Error("Expected TLS Manual=true, but was false")
 	}
 	if !c.TLS.Enabled {
 		t.Error("Expected TLS Enabled=true, but was false")
@@ -34,6 +56,9 @@ func TestTLSParseBasic(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// Cipher checks
 	expectedCiphers := []uint16{
+		tls.TLS_FALLBACK_SCSV,
+		tls.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,
+		tls.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,
 		tls.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,
 		tls.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,
 		tls.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA,
@@ -42,7 +67,6 @@ func TestTLSParseBasic(t *testing.T) {
 		tls.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,
 		tls.TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA,
 		tls.TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,
-		tls.TLS_FALLBACK_SCSV,
 	}
 
 	// Ensure count is correct (plus one for TLS_FALLBACK_SCSV)
@@ -63,23 +87,23 @@ func TestTLSParseBasic(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestTLSParseIncompleteParams(t *testing.T) {
+func TestSetupParseIncompleteParams(t *testing.T) {
 	// Using tls without args is an error because it's unnecessary.
-	c := NewTestController(`tls`)
-	_, err := TLS(c)
+	c := setup.NewTestController(`tls`)
+	_, err := Setup(c)
 	if err == nil {
 		t.Error("Expected an error, but didn't get one")
 	}
 }
 
-func TestTLSParseWithOptionalParams(t *testing.T) {
-	params := `tls cert.crt cert.key {
+func TestSetupParseWithOptionalParams(t *testing.T) {
+	params := `tls ` + certFile + ` ` + keyFile + ` {
             protocols ssl3.0 tls1.2
-            ciphers RSA-3DES-EDE-CBC-SHA RSA-AES256-CBC-SHA ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256
+            ciphers RSA-AES256-CBC-SHA ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384
         }`
-	c := NewTestController(params)
+	c := setup.NewTestController(params)
 
-	_, err := TLS(c)
+	_, err := Setup(c)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("Expected no errors, got: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -97,13 +121,13 @@ func TestTLSParseWithOptionalParams(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestTLSDefaultWithOptionalParams(t *testing.T) {
+func TestSetupDefaultWithOptionalParams(t *testing.T) {
 	params := `tls {
             ciphers RSA-3DES-EDE-CBC-SHA
         }`
-	c := NewTestController(params)
+	c := setup.NewTestController(params)
 
-	_, err := TLS(c)
+	_, err := Setup(c)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("Expected no errors, got: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -113,7 +137,7 @@ func TestTLSDefaultWithOptionalParams(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 // TODO: If we allow this... but probably not a good idea.
-// func TestTLSDisableHTTPRedirect(t *testing.T) {
+// func TestSetupDisableHTTPRedirect(t *testing.T) {
 // 	c := NewTestController(`tls {
 // 	    allow_http
 // 	}`)
@@ -126,34 +150,34 @@ func TestTLSDefaultWithOptionalParams(t *testing.T) {
 // 	}
 // }
 
-func TestTLSParseWithWrongOptionalParams(t *testing.T) {
+func TestSetupParseWithWrongOptionalParams(t *testing.T) {
 	// Test protocols wrong params
-	params := `tls cert.crt cert.key {
+	params := `tls ` + certFile + ` ` + keyFile + ` {
 			protocols ssl tls
 		}`
-	c := NewTestController(params)
-	_, err := TLS(c)
+	c := setup.NewTestController(params)
+	_, err := Setup(c)
 	if err == nil {
 		t.Errorf("Expected errors, but no error returned")
 	}
 
 	// Test ciphers wrong params
-	params = `tls cert.crt cert.key {
+	params = `tls ` + certFile + ` ` + keyFile + ` {
 			ciphers not-valid-cipher
 		}`
-	c = NewTestController(params)
-	_, err = TLS(c)
+	c = setup.NewTestController(params)
+	_, err = Setup(c)
 	if err == nil {
 		t.Errorf("Expected errors, but no error returned")
 	}
 }
 
-func TestTLSParseWithClientAuth(t *testing.T) {
-	params := `tls cert.crt cert.key {
+func TestSetupParseWithClientAuth(t *testing.T) {
+	params := `tls ` + certFile + ` ` + keyFile + ` {
 			clients client_ca.crt client2_ca.crt
 		}`
-	c := NewTestController(params)
-	_, err := TLS(c)
+	c := setup.NewTestController(params)
+	_, err := Setup(c)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("Expected no errors, got: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -169,12 +193,40 @@ func TestTLSParseWithClientAuth(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	// Test missing client cert file
-	params = `tls cert.crt cert.key {
+	params = `tls ` + certFile + ` ` + keyFile + ` {
 			clients
 		}`
-	c = NewTestController(params)
-	_, err = TLS(c)
+	c = setup.NewTestController(params)
+	_, err = Setup(c)
 	if err == nil {
 		t.Errorf("Expected an error, but no error returned")
 	}
 }
+
+const (
+	certFile = "test_cert.pem"
+	keyFile  = "test_key.pem"
+)
+
+var testCert = []byte(`-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+`)
+
+var testKey = []byte(`-----BEGIN EC PARAMETERS-----
+BggqhkjOPQMBBw==
+-----END EC PARAMETERS-----
+-----BEGIN EC PRIVATE KEY-----
+MHcCAQEEIGLtRmwzYVcrH3J0BnzYbGPdWVF10i9p6mxkA4+b2fURoAoGCCqGSM49
+AwEHoUQDQgAEs22MtnG79K1mvIyjEO9GLx7BFD0tBbGnwQ0VPsuCxC6IeVuXbQDL
+SiVQvFZ6lUszTlczNxVkpEfqrM6xAupB7g==
+-----END EC PRIVATE KEY-----
+`)

caddy/letsencrypt/storage.go → caddy/https/storage.go

-package letsencrypt
+package https
 
 import (
 	"path/filepath"

caddy/letsencrypt/storage_test.go → caddy/https/storage_test.go

-package letsencrypt
+package https
 
 import (
 	"path/filepath"

caddy/letsencrypt/user.go → caddy/https/user.go

-package letsencrypt
+package https
 
 import (
 	"bufio"
+	"crypto"
+	"crypto/ecdsa"
+	"crypto/elliptic"
 	"crypto/rand"
-	"crypto/rsa"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
@@ -20,7 +22,7 @@ import (
 type User struct {
 	Email        string
 	Registration *acme.RegistrationResource
-	key          *rsa.PrivateKey
+	key          crypto.PrivateKey
 }
 
 // GetEmail gets u's email.
@@ -34,14 +36,14 @@ func (u User) GetRegistration() *acme.RegistrationResource {
 }
 
 // GetPrivateKey gets u's private key.
-func (u User) GetPrivateKey() *rsa.PrivateKey {
+func (u User) GetPrivateKey() crypto.PrivateKey {
 	return u.key
 }
 
 // getUser loads the user with the given email from disk.
 // If the user does not exist, it will create a new one,
 // but it does NOT save new users to the disk or register
-// them via ACME.
+// them via ACME. It does NOT prompt the user.
 func getUser(email string) (User, error) {
 	var user User
 
@@ -63,7 +65,7 @@ func getUser(email string) (User, error) {
 	}
 
 	// load their private key
-	user.key, err = loadRSAPrivateKey(storage.UserKeyFile(email))
+	user.key, err = loadPrivateKey(storage.UserKeyFile(email))
 	if err != nil {
 		return user, err
 	}
@@ -72,7 +74,8 @@ func getUser(email string) (User, error) {
 }
 
 // saveUser persists a user's key and account registration
-// to the file system. It does NOT register the user via ACME.
+// to the file system. It does NOT register the user via ACME
+// or prompt the user.
 func saveUser(user User) error {
 	// make user account folder
 	err := os.MkdirAll(storage.User(user.Email), 0700)
@@ -81,7 +84,7 @@ func saveUser(user User) error {
 	}
 
 	// save private key file
-	err = saveRSAPrivateKey(user.key, storage.UserKeyFile(user.Email))
+	err = savePrivateKey(user.key, storage.UserKeyFile(user.Email))
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -99,10 +102,10 @@ func saveUser(user User) error {
 // with a new private key. This function does NOT save the
 // user to disk or register it via ACME. If you want to use
 // a user account that might already exist, call getUser
-// instead.
+// instead. It does NOT prompt the user.
 func newUser(email string) (User, error) {
 	user := User{Email: email}
-	privateKey, err := rsa.GenerateKey(rand.Reader, rsaKeySizeToUse)
+	privateKey, err := ecdsa.GenerateKey(elliptic.P384(), rand.Reader)
 	if err != nil {
 		return user, errors.New("error generating private key: " + err.Error())
 	}
@@ -114,10 +117,10 @@ func newUser(email string) (User, error) {
 // address from the user to use for TLS for cfg. If it
 // cannot get an email address, it returns empty string.
 // (It will warn the user of the consequences of an
-// empty email.) If skipPrompt is true, the user will
-// NOT be prompted and an empty email will be returned
-// instead.
-func getEmail(cfg server.Config, skipPrompt bool) string {
+// empty email.) This function MAY prompt the user for
+// input. If userPresent is false, the operator will
+// NOT be prompted and an empty email may be returned.
+func getEmail(cfg server.Config, userPresent bool) string {
 	// First try the tls directive from the Caddyfile
 	leEmail := cfg.TLS.LetsEncryptEmail
 	if leEmail == "" {
@@ -135,11 +138,12 @@ func getEmail(cfg server.Config, skipPrompt bool) string {
 				}
 				if mostRecent == nil || dir.ModTime().After(mostRecent.ModTime()) {
 					leEmail = dir.Name()
+					DefaultEmail = leEmail // save for next time
 				}
 			}
 		}
 	}
-	if leEmail == "" && !skipPrompt {
+	if leEmail == "" && userPresent {
 		// Alas, we must bother the user and ask for an email address;
 		// if they proceed they also agree to the SA.
 		reader := bufio.NewReader(stdin)
@@ -154,10 +158,11 @@ func getEmail(cfg server.Config, skipPrompt bool) string {
 		if err != nil {
 			return ""
 		}
+		leEmail = strings.TrimSpace(leEmail)
 		DefaultEmail = leEmail
 		Agreed = true
 	}
-	return strings.TrimSpace(leEmail)
+	return leEmail
 }
 
 // promptUserAgreement prompts the user to agree to the agreement

caddy/letsencrypt/user_test.go → caddy/https/user_test.go

-package letsencrypt
+package https
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ func TestGetUserAlreadyExists(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	// Assert keys are the same
-	if !rsaPrivateKeysSame(user.key, user2.key) {
+	if !PrivateKeysSame(user.key, user2.key) {
 		t.Error("Expected private key to be the same after loading, but it wasn't")
 	}
 
@@ -140,13 +140,13 @@ func TestGetEmail(t *testing.T) {
 			LetsEncryptEmail: "test1@foo.com",
 		},
 	}
-	actual := getEmail(config, false)
+	actual := getEmail(config, true)
 	if actual != "test1@foo.com" {
 		t.Errorf("Did not get correct email from config; expected '%s' but got '%s'", "test1@foo.com", actual)
 	}
 
 	// Test2: Use default email from flag (or user previously typing it)
-	actual = getEmail(server.Config{}, false)
+	actual = getEmail(server.Config{}, true)
 	if actual != DefaultEmail {
 		t.Errorf("Did not get correct email from config; expected '%s' but got '%s'", DefaultEmail, actual)
 	}
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ func TestGetEmail(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Could not simulate user input, error: %v", err)
 	}
-	actual = getEmail(server.Config{}, false)
+	actual = getEmail(server.Config{}, true)
 	if actual != "test3@foo.com" {
 		t.Errorf("Did not get correct email from user input prompt; expected '%s' but got '%s'", "test3@foo.com", actual)
 	}
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ func TestGetEmail(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Fatalf("Could not change user folder mod time for '%s': %v", eml, err)
 		}
 	}
-	actual = getEmail(server.Config{}, false)
+	actual = getEmail(server.Config{}, true)
 	if actual != "test4-3@foo.com" {
 		t.Errorf("Did not get correct email from storage; expected '%s' but got '%s'", "test4-3@foo.com", actual)
 	}

caddy/letsencrypt/crypto.go

-package letsencrypt
-
-import (
-	"crypto/rsa"
-	"crypto/x509"
-	"encoding/pem"
-	"io/ioutil"
-	"os"
-)
-
-// loadRSAPrivateKey loads a PEM-encoded RSA private key from file.
-func loadRSAPrivateKey(file string) (*rsa.PrivateKey, error) {
-	keyBytes, err := ioutil.ReadFile(file)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	keyBlock, _ := pem.Decode(keyBytes)
-	return x509.ParsePKCS1PrivateKey(keyBlock.Bytes)
-}
-
-// saveRSAPrivateKey saves a PEM-encoded RSA private key to file.
-func saveRSAPrivateKey(key *rsa.PrivateKey, file string) error {
-	pemKey := pem.Block{Type: "RSA PRIVATE KEY", Bytes: x509.MarshalPKCS1PrivateKey(key)}
-	keyOut, err := os.Create(file)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	keyOut.Chmod(0600)
-	defer keyOut.Close()
-	return pem.Encode(keyOut, &pemKey)
-}

caddy/letsencrypt/maintain.go

-package letsencrypt
-
-import (
-	"encoding/json"
-	"io/ioutil"
-	"log"
-	"time"
-
-	"github.com/mholt/caddy/server"
-	"github.com/xenolf/lego/acme"
-)
-
-// OnChange is a callback function that will be used to restart
-// the application or the part of the application that uses
-// the certificates maintained by this package. When at least
-// one certificate is renewed or an OCSP status changes, this
-// function will be called.
-var OnChange func() error
-
-// maintainAssets is a permanently-blocking function
-// that loops indefinitely and, on a regular schedule, checks
-// certificates for expiration and initiates a renewal of certs
-// that are expiring soon. It also updates OCSP stapling and
-// performs other maintenance of assets.
-//
-// You must pass in the server configs to maintain and the channel
-// which you'll close when maintenance should stop, to allow this
-// goroutine to clean up after itself and unblock.
-func maintainAssets(configs []server.Config, stopChan chan struct{}) {
-	renewalTicker := time.NewTicker(RenewInterval)
-	ocspTicker := time.NewTicker(OCSPInterval)
-
-	for {
-		select {
-		case <-renewalTicker.C:
-			n, errs := renewCertificates(configs, true)
-			if len(errs) > 0 {
-				for _, err := range errs {
-					log.Printf("[ERROR] Certificate renewal: %v", err)
-				}
-			}
-			// even if there was an error, some renewals may have succeeded
-			if n > 0 && OnChange != nil {
-				err := OnChange()
-				if err != nil {
-					log.Printf("[ERROR] OnChange after cert renewal: %v", err)
-				}
-			}
-		case <-ocspTicker.C:
-			for bundle, oldResp := range ocspCache {
-				// start checking OCSP staple about halfway through validity period for good measure
-				refreshTime := oldResp.ThisUpdate.Add(oldResp.NextUpdate.Sub(oldResp.ThisUpdate) / 2)
-
-				// only check for updated OCSP validity window if refreshTime is in the past
-				if time.Now().After(refreshTime) {
-					_, newResp, err := acme.GetOCSPForCert(*bundle)
-					if err != nil {
-						log.Printf("[ERROR] Checking OCSP for bundle: %v", err)
-						continue
-					}
-
-					// we're not looking for different status, just a more future expiration
-					if newResp.NextUpdate != oldResp.NextUpdate {
-						if OnChange != nil {
-							log.Printf("[INFO] Updating OCSP stapling to extend validity period to %v", newResp.NextUpdate)
-							err := OnChange()
-							if err != nil {
-								log.Printf("[ERROR] OnChange after OCSP trigger: %v", err)
-							}
-							break
-						}
-					}
-				}
-			}
-		case <-stopChan:
-			renewalTicker.Stop()
-			ocspTicker.Stop()
-			return
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-// renewCertificates loops through all configured site and
-// looks for certificates to renew. Nothing is mutated
-// through this function; all changes happen directly on disk.
-// It returns the number of certificates renewed and any errors
-// that occurred. It only performs a renewal if necessary.
-// If useCustomPort is true, a custom port will be used, and
-// whatever is listening at 443 better proxy ACME requests to it.
-// Otherwise, the acme package will create its own listener on 443.
-func renewCertificates(configs []server.Config, useCustomPort bool) (int, []error) {
-	log.Printf("[INFO] Checking certificates for %d hosts", len(configs))
-	var errs []error
-	var n int
-
-	for _, cfg := range configs {
-		// Host must be TLS-enabled and have existing assets managed by LE
-		if !cfg.TLS.Enabled || !existingCertAndKey(cfg.Host) {
-			continue
-		}
-
-		// Read the certificate and get the NotAfter time.
-		certBytes, err := ioutil.ReadFile(storage.SiteCertFile(cfg.Host))
-		if err != nil {
-			errs = append(errs, err)
-			continue // still have to check other certificates
-		}
-		expTime, err := acme.GetPEMCertExpiration(certBytes)
-		if err != nil {
-			errs = append(errs, err)
-			continue
-		}
-
-		// The time returned from the certificate is always in UTC.
-		// So calculate the time left with local time as UTC.
-		// Directly convert it to days for the following checks.
-		daysLeft := int(expTime.Sub(time.Now().UTC()).Hours() / 24)
-
-		// Renew if getting close to expiration.
-		if daysLeft <= renewDaysBefore {
-			log.Printf("[INFO] Certificate for %s has %d days remaining; attempting renewal", cfg.Host, daysLeft)
-			var client *acme.Client
-			if useCustomPort {
-				client, err = newClientPort("", AlternatePort) // email not used for renewal
-			} else {
-				client, err = newClient("")
-			}
-			if err != nil {
-				errs = append(errs, err)
-				continue
-			}
-
-			// Read and set up cert meta, required for renewal
-			metaBytes, err := ioutil.ReadFile(storage.SiteMetaFile(cfg.Host))
-			if err != nil {
-				errs = append(errs, err)
-				continue
-			}
-			privBytes, err := ioutil.ReadFile(storage.SiteKeyFile(cfg.Host))
-			if err != nil {
-				errs = append(errs, err)
-				continue
-			}
-			var certMeta acme.CertificateResource
-			err = json.Unmarshal(metaBytes, &certMeta)
-			certMeta.Certificate = certBytes
-			certMeta.PrivateKey = privBytes
-
-			// Renew certificate
-		Renew:
-			newCertMeta, err := client.RenewCertificate(certMeta, true)
-			if err != nil {
-				if _, ok := err.(acme.TOSError); ok {
-					err := client.AgreeToTOS()
-					if err != nil {
-						errs = append(errs, err)
-					}
-					goto Renew
-				}
-
-				time.Sleep(10 * time.Second)
-				newCertMeta, err = client.RenewCertificate(certMeta, true)
-				if err != nil {
-					errs = append(errs, err)
-					continue
-				}
-			}
-
-			saveCertResource(newCertMeta)
-			n++
-		} else if daysLeft <= renewDaysBefore+7 && daysLeft >= renewDaysBefore+6 {
-			log.Printf("[WARNING] Certificate for %s has %d days remaining; will automatically renew when %d days remain\n", cfg.Host, daysLeft, renewDaysBefore)
-		}
-	}
-
-	return n, errs
-}
-
-// renewDaysBefore is how many days before expiration to renew certificates.
-const renewDaysBefore = 14

caddy/parse/parsing_test.go

@@ -311,19 +311,19 @@ func TestParseAll(t *testing.T) {
 		}},
 
 		{`localhost:1234`, false, [][]address{
-			[]address{{"localhost:1234", "", "localhost", "1234"}},
+			{{"localhost:1234", "", "localhost", "1234"}},
 		}},
 
 		{`localhost:1234 {
 		  }
 		  localhost:2015 {
 		  }`, false, [][]address{
-			[]address{{"localhost:1234", "", "localhost", "1234"}},
-			[]address{{"localhost:2015", "", "localhost", "2015"}},
+			{{"localhost:1234", "", "localhost", "1234"}},
+			{{"localhost:2015", "", "localhost", "2015"}},
 		}},
 
 		{`localhost:1234, http://host2`, false, [][]address{
-			[]address{{"localhost:1234", "", "localhost", "1234"}, {"http://host2", "http", "host2", "80"}},
+			{{"localhost:1234", "", "localhost", "1234"}, {"http://host2", "http", "host2", "80"}},
 		}},
 
 		{`localhost:1234, http://host2,`, true, [][]address{}},
@@ -332,15 +332,15 @@ func TestParseAll(t *testing.T) {
 		  }
 		  https://host3.com, https://host4.com {
 		  }`, false, [][]address{
-			[]address{{"http://host1.com", "http", "host1.com", "80"}, {"http://host2.com", "http", "host2.com", "80"}},
-			[]address{{"https://host3.com", "https", "host3.com", "443"}, {"https://host4.com", "https", "host4.com", "443"}},
+			{{"http://host1.com", "http", "host1.com", "80"}, {"http://host2.com", "http", "host2.com", "80"}},
+			{{"https://host3.com", "https", "host3.com", "443"}, {"https://host4.com", "https", "host4.com", "443"}},
 		}},
 
 		{`import import_glob*.txt`, false, [][]address{
-			[]address{{"glob0.host0", "", "glob0.host0", ""}},
-			[]address{{"glob0.host1", "", "glob0.host1", ""}},
-			[]address{{"glob1.host0", "", "glob1.host0", ""}},
-			[]address{{"glob2.host0", "", "glob2.host0", ""}},
+			{{"glob0.host0", "", "glob0.host0", ""}},
+			{{"glob0.host1", "", "glob0.host1", ""}},
+			{{"glob1.host0", "", "glob1.host0", ""}},
+			{{"glob2.host0", "", "glob2.host0", ""}},
 		}},
 	} {
 		p := testParser(test.input)

caddy/restart.go

@@ -8,11 +8,13 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"io/ioutil"
 	"log"
+	"net"
 	"os"
 	"os/exec"
 	"path"
+	"sync/atomic"
 
-	"github.com/mholt/caddy/caddy/letsencrypt"
+	"github.com/mholt/caddy/caddy/https"
 )
 
 func init() {
@@ -55,8 +57,9 @@ func Restart(newCaddyfile Input) error {
 
 	// Prepare our payload to the child process
 	cdyfileGob := caddyfileGob{
-		ListenerFds: make(map[string]uintptr),
-		Caddyfile:   newCaddyfile,
+		ListenerFds:            make(map[string]uintptr),
+		Caddyfile:              newCaddyfile,
+		OnDemandTLSCertsIssued: atomic.LoadInt32(https.OnDemandIssuedCount),
 	}
 
 	// Prepare a pipe to the fork's stdin so it can get the Caddyfile
@@ -133,13 +136,28 @@ func getCertsForNewCaddyfile(newCaddyfile Input) error {
 	}
 
 	// first mark the configs that are qualified for managed TLS
-	letsencrypt.MarkQualified(configs)
+	https.MarkQualified(configs)
 
-	// we must make sure port is set before we group by bind address
-	letsencrypt.EnableTLS(configs)
+	// since we group by bind address to obtain certs, we must call
+	// EnableTLS to make sure the port is set properly first
+	// (can ignore error since we aren't actually using the certs)
+	https.EnableTLS(configs, false)
+
+	// find out if we can let the acme package start its own challenge listener
+	// on port 80
+	var proxyACME bool
+	serversMu.Lock()
+	for _, s := range servers {
+		_, port, _ := net.SplitHostPort(s.Addr)
+		if port == "80" {
+			proxyACME = true
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	serversMu.Unlock()
 
 	// place certs on the disk
-	err = letsencrypt.ObtainCerts(configs, letsencrypt.AlternatePort)
+	err = https.ObtainCerts(configs, false, proxyACME)
 	if err != nil {
 		return errors.New("obtaining certs: " + err.Error())
 	}

caddy/setup/basicauth_test.go

@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ md5:$apr1$l42y8rex$pOA2VJ0x/0TwaFeAF9nX61`
 			}
 			if !actualRule.Password(pwd) || actualRule.Password(test.password+"!") {
 				t.Errorf("Test %d, rule %d: Expected password '%v', got '%v'",
-					i, j, test.password, actualRule.Password)
+					i, j, test.password, actualRule.Password(""))
 			}
 
 			expectedRes := fmt.Sprintf("%v", expectedRule.Resources)

caddy/setup/browse_test.go

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ func TestBrowse(t *testing.T) {
 		// test case #2 tests detectaction of custom template
 		{"browse . " + tempTemplatePath, []string{"."}, false},
 
-		// test case #3 tests detection of non-existant template
+		// test case #3 tests detection of non-existent template
 		{"browse . " + nonExistantDirPath, nil, true},
 
 		// test case #4 tests detection of duplicate pathscopes

caddy/setup/errors.go

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/mholt/caddy/middleware/errors"
 )
 
-// Errors configures a new gzip middleware instance.
+// Errors configures a new errors middleware instance.
 func Errors(c *Controller) (middleware.Middleware, error) {
 	handler, err := errorsParse(c)
 	if err != nil {

caddy/setup/redir_test.go

@@ -14,34 +14,34 @@ func TestRedir(t *testing.T) {
 		expectedRules []redirect.Rule
 	}{
 		// test case #0 tests the recognition of a valid HTTP status code defined outside of block statement
-		{"redir 300 {\n/ /foo\n}", false, []redirect.Rule{redirect.Rule{FromPath: "/", To: "/foo", Code: 300}}},
+		{"redir 300 {\n/ /foo\n}", false, []redirect.Rule{{FromPath: "/", To: "/foo", Code: 300}}},
 
 		// test case #1 tests the recognition of an invalid HTTP status code defined outside of block statement
-		{"redir 9000 {\n/ /foo\n}", true, []redirect.Rule{redirect.Rule{}}},
+		{"redir 9000 {\n/ /foo\n}", true, []redirect.Rule{{}}},
 
 		// test case #2 tests the detection of a valid HTTP status code outside of a block statement being overriden by an invalid HTTP status code inside statement of a block statement
-		{"redir 300 {\n/ /foo 9000\n}", true, []redirect.Rule{redirect.Rule{}}},
+		{"redir 300 {\n/ /foo 9000\n}", true, []redirect.Rule{{}}},
 
 		// test case #3 tests the detection of an invalid HTTP status code outside of a block statement being overriden by a valid HTTP status code inside statement of a block statement
-		{"redir 9000 {\n/ /foo 300\n}", true, []redirect.Rule{redirect.Rule{}}},
+		{"redir 9000 {\n/ /foo 300\n}", true, []redirect.Rule{{}}},
 
 		// test case #4 tests the recognition of a TO redirection in a block statement.The HTTP status code is set to the default of 301 - MovedPermanently
-		{"redir 302 {\n/foo\n}", false, []redirect.Rule{redirect.Rule{FromPath: "/", To: "/foo", Code: 302}}},
+		{"redir 302 {\n/foo\n}", false, []redirect.Rule{{FromPath: "/", To: "/foo", Code: 302}}},
 
 		// test case #5 tests the recognition of a TO and From redirection in a block statement
-		{"redir {\n/bar /foo 303\n}", false, []redirect.Rule{redirect.Rule{FromPath: "/bar", To: "/foo", Code: 303}}},
+		{"redir {\n/bar /foo 303\n}", false, []redirect.Rule{{FromPath: "/bar", To: "/foo", Code: 303}}},
 
 		// test case #6 tests the recognition of a TO redirection in a non-block statement. The HTTP status code is set to the default of 301 - MovedPermanently
-		{"redir /foo", false, []redirect.Rule{redirect.Rule{FromPath: "/", To: "/foo", Code: 301}}},
+		{"redir /foo", false, []redirect.Rule{{FromPath: "/", To: "/foo", Code: 301}}},
 
 		// test case #7 tests the recognition of a TO and From redirection in a non-block statement
-		{"redir /bar /foo 303", false, []redirect.Rule{redirect.Rule{FromPath: "/bar", To: "/foo", Code: 303}}},
+		{"redir /bar /foo 303", false, []redirect.Rule{{FromPath: "/bar", To: "/foo", Code: 303}}},
 
 		// test case #8 tests the recognition of multiple redirections
-		{"redir {\n / /foo 304 \n} \n redir {\n /bar /foobar 305 \n}", false, []redirect.Rule{redirect.Rule{FromPath: "/", To: "/foo", Code: 304}, redirect.Rule{FromPath: "/bar", To: "/foobar", Code: 305}}},
+		{"redir {\n / /foo 304 \n} \n redir {\n /bar /foobar 305 \n}", false, []redirect.Rule{{FromPath: "/", To: "/foo", Code: 304}, {FromPath: "/bar", To: "/foobar", Code: 305}}},
 
 		// test case #9 tests the detection of duplicate redirections
-		{"redir {\n /bar /foo 304 \n} redir {\n /bar /foo 304 \n}", true, []redirect.Rule{redirect.Rule{}}},
+		{"redir {\n /bar /foo 304 \n} redir {\n /bar /foo 304 \n}", true, []redirect.Rule{{}}},
 	} {
 		recievedFunc, err := Redir(NewTestController(test.input))
 		if err != nil && !test.shouldErr {

caddy/setup/rewrite.go

@@ -80,8 +80,8 @@ func rewriteParse(c *Controller) ([]rewrite.Rule, error) {
 						return nil, c.ArgErr()
 					}
 					status, _ = strconv.Atoi(c.Val())
-					if status < 400 || status > 499 {
-						return nil, c.Err("status must be 4xx")
+					if status < 200 || (status > 299 && status < 400) || status > 499 {
+						return nil, c.Err("status must be 2xx or 4xx")
 					}
 				default:
 					return nil, c.ArgErr()

caddy/setup/rewrite_test.go

@@ -135,24 +135,45 @@ func TestRewriteParse(t *testing.T) {
 			to	/to
 			if {path} is a
 		 }`, false, []rewrite.Rule{
-			&rewrite.ComplexRule{Base: "/", To: "/to", Ifs: []rewrite.If{rewrite.If{A: "{path}", Operator: "is", B: "a"}}},
+			&rewrite.ComplexRule{Base: "/", To: "/to", Ifs: []rewrite.If{{A: "{path}", Operator: "is", B: "a"}}},
+		}},
+		{`rewrite {
+			status 500
+		 }`, true, []rewrite.Rule{
+			&rewrite.ComplexRule{},
 		}},
 		{`rewrite {
 			status 400
 		 }`, false, []rewrite.Rule{
-			&rewrite.ComplexRule{Base: "/", Regexp: regexp.MustCompile(".*"), Status: 400},
+			&rewrite.ComplexRule{Base: "/", Status: 400},
 		}},
 		{`rewrite {
 			to /to
 			status 400
 		 }`, false, []rewrite.Rule{
-			&rewrite.ComplexRule{Base: "/", To: "/to", Regexp: regexp.MustCompile(".*"), Status: 400},
+			&rewrite.ComplexRule{Base: "/", To: "/to", Status: 400},
 		}},
 		{`rewrite {
 			status 399
 		 }`, true, []rewrite.Rule{
 			&rewrite.ComplexRule{},
 		}},
+		{`rewrite {
+			status 200
+		 }`, false, []rewrite.Rule{
+			&rewrite.ComplexRule{Base: "/", Status: 200},
+		}},
+		{`rewrite {
+			to /to
+			status 200
+		 }`, false, []rewrite.Rule{
+			&rewrite.ComplexRule{Base: "/", To: "/to", Status: 200},
+		}},
+		{`rewrite {
+			status 199
+		 }`, true, []rewrite.Rule{
+			&rewrite.ComplexRule{},
+		}},
 		{`rewrite {
 			status 0
 		 }`, true, []rewrite.Rule{

caddy/setup/startupshutdown_test.go

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ func TestStartup(t *testing.T) {
 		// test case #1 tests proper functionality of non-blocking commands
 		{"startup mkdir " + osSenitiveTestDir + " &", false, true},
 
-		// test case #2 tests handling of non-existant commands
+		// test case #2 tests handling of non-existent commands
 		{"startup " + strconv.Itoa(int(time.Now().UnixNano())), true, true},
 	}
 

dist/CHANGES.txt

 CHANGES
 
+0.8.2 (February 25, 2016)
+- On-demand TLS can obtain certificates during handshakes
+- Built with Go 1.6
+- Process log (-log) is rotated when it gets large
+- Managed certificates get renewed 30 days early instead of just 14
+- fastcgi: Allow scheme prefix before address
+- markdown: Support for definition lists
+- proxy: Allow proxy to insecure HTTPS backends
+- proxy: Support proxy to unix socket
+- rewrite: Status code can be 2xx or 4xx
+- templates: New .Markdown action to interpret included file as Markdown
+- templates: .Truncate now truncates from end of string when length is negative
+- tls: Set hard limit for certificates obtained with on-demand TLS
+- tls: Load certificates from directory
+- tls: Add SHA384 cipher suites
+- Multiple bug fixes and internal changes
+
+
 0.8.1 (January 12, 2016)
 - Improved OCSP stapling
 - Better graceful reload when new hosts need certificates from Let's Encrypt
@@ -14,6 +32,7 @@ CHANGES
 - tls: No longer allow HTTPS over port 80
 - Dozens of bug fixes, improvements, and more tests across the board
 
+
 0.8.0 (December 4, 2015)
 - HTTPS by default via Let's Encrypt (certs & keys are fully managed)
 - Graceful restarts (on POSIX-compliant systems)

dist/README.txt

-CADDY 0.8.1
+CADDY 0.8.2
 
 Website
 	https://caddyserver.com
+
+Twitter
 	@caddyserver
 
 Source Code
 	https://github.com/mholt/caddy
+	https://github.com/caddyserver
 
 
 For instructions on using Caddy, please see the user guide on the website.
 For a list of what's new in this version, see CHANGES.txt.
 
+Please consider donating to the project if you think it is helpful,
+especially if your company is using Caddy. There are also sponsorship
+opportunities available!
+
 If you have a question, bug report, or would like to contribute, please open an
 issue or submit a pull request on GitHub. Your contributions do not go unnoticed!
 

main.go

@@ -13,33 +13,22 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/mholt/caddy/caddy"
-	"github.com/mholt/caddy/caddy/letsencrypt"
+	"github.com/mholt/caddy/caddy/https"
 	"github.com/xenolf/lego/acme"
-)
-
-var (
-	conf    string
-	cpu     string
-	logfile string
-	revoke  string
-	version bool
-)
-
-const (
-	appName    = "Caddy"
-	appVersion = "0.8.1"
+	"gopkg.in/natefinch/lumberjack.v2"
 )
 
 func init() {
 	caddy.TrapSignals()
-	flag.BoolVar(&letsencrypt.Agreed, "agree", false, "Agree to Let's Encrypt Subscriber Agreement")
-	flag.StringVar(&letsencrypt.CAUrl, "ca", "https://acme-v01.api.letsencrypt.org/directory", "Certificate authority ACME server")
+	setVersion()
+	flag.BoolVar(&https.Agreed, "agree", false, "Agree to Let's Encrypt Subscriber Agreement")
+	flag.StringVar(&https.CAUrl, "ca", "https://acme-v01.api.letsencrypt.org/directory", "Certificate authority ACME server")
 	flag.StringVar(&conf, "conf", "", "Configuration file to use (default="+caddy.DefaultConfigFile+")")
 	flag.StringVar(&cpu, "cpu", "100%", "CPU cap")
-	flag.StringVar(&letsencrypt.DefaultEmail, "email", "", "Default Let's Encrypt account email address")
+	flag.StringVar(&https.DefaultEmail, "email", "", "Default Let's Encrypt account email address")
 	flag.DurationVar(&caddy.GracefulTimeout, "grace", 5*time.Second, "Maximum duration of graceful shutdown")
 	flag.StringVar(&caddy.Host, "host", caddy.DefaultHost, "Default host")
-	flag.BoolVar(&caddy.HTTP2, "http2", true, "HTTP/2 support") // TODO: temporary flag until http2 merged into std lib
+	flag.BoolVar(&caddy.HTTP2, "http2", true, "Use HTTP/2")
 	flag.StringVar(&logfile, "log", "", "Process log file")
 	flag.StringVar(&caddy.PidFile, "pidfile", "", "Path to write pid file")
 	flag.StringVar(&caddy.Port, "port", caddy.DefaultPort, "Default port")
@@ -65,15 +54,16 @@ func main() {
 	case "":
 		log.SetOutput(ioutil.Discard)
 	default:
-		file, err := os.OpenFile(logfile, os.O_RDWR|os.O_CREATE|os.O_APPEND, 0644)
-		if err != nil {
-			log.Fatalf("Error opening process log file: %v", err)
-		}
-		log.SetOutput(file)
+		log.SetOutput(&lumberjack.Logger{
+			Filename:   logfile,
+			MaxSize:    100,
+			MaxAge:     14,
+			MaxBackups: 10,
+		})
 	}
 
 	if revoke != "" {
-		err := letsencrypt.Revoke(revoke)
+		err := https.Revoke(revoke)
 		if err != nil {
 			log.Fatal(err)
 		}
@@ -81,7 +71,10 @@ func main() {
 		os.Exit(0)
 	}
 	if version {
-		fmt.Printf("%s %s\n", caddy.AppName, caddy.AppVersion)
+		fmt.Printf("%s %s\n", appName, appVersion)
+		if devBuild && gitShortStat != "" {
+			fmt.Printf("%s\n%s\n", gitShortStat, gitFilesModified)
+		}
 		os.Exit(0)
 	}
 
@@ -197,3 +190,44 @@ func setCPU(cpu string) error {
 	runtime.GOMAXPROCS(numCPU)
 	return nil
 }
+
+// setVersion figures out the version information based on
+// variables set by -ldflags.
+func setVersion() {
+	// A development build is one that's not at a tag or has uncommitted changes
+	devBuild = gitTag == "" || gitShortStat != ""
+
+	// Only set the appVersion if -ldflags was used
+	if gitNearestTag != "" || gitTag != "" {
+		if devBuild && gitNearestTag != "" {
+			appVersion = fmt.Sprintf("%s (+%s %s)",
+				strings.TrimPrefix(gitNearestTag, "v"), gitCommit, buildDate)
+		} else if gitTag != "" {
+			appVersion = strings.TrimPrefix(gitTag, "v")
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+const appName = "Caddy"
+
+// Flags that control program flow or startup
+var (
+	conf    string
+	cpu     string
+	logfile string
+	revoke  string
+	version bool
+)
+
+// Build information obtained with the help of -ldflags
+var (
+	appVersion = "(untracked dev build)" // inferred at startup
+	devBuild   = true                    // inferred at startup
+
+	buildDate        string // date -u
+	gitTag           string // git describe --exact-match HEAD 2> /dev/null
+	gitNearestTag    string // git describe --abbrev=0 --tags HEAD
+	gitCommit        string // git rev-parse HEAD
+	gitShortStat     string // git diff-index --shortstat
+	gitFilesModified string // git diff-index --name-only HEAD
+)

main_test.go

@@ -42,3 +42,34 @@ func TestSetCPU(t *testing.T) {
 		runtime.GOMAXPROCS(currentCPU)
 	}
 }
+
+func TestSetVersion(t *testing.T) {
+	setVersion()
+	if !devBuild {
+		t.Error("Expected default to assume development build, but it didn't")
+	}
+	if got, want := appVersion, "(untracked dev build)"; got != want {
+		t.Errorf("Expected appVersion='%s', got: '%s'", want, got)
+	}
+
+	gitTag = "v1.1"
+	setVersion()
+	if devBuild {
+		t.Error("Expected a stable build if gitTag is set with no changes")
+	}
+	if got, want := appVersion, "1.1"; got != want {
+		t.Errorf("Expected appVersion='%s', got: '%s'", want, got)
+	}
+
+	gitTag = ""
+	gitNearestTag = "v1.0"
+	gitCommit = "deadbeef"
+	buildDate = "Fri Feb 26 06:53:17 UTC 2016"
+	setVersion()
+	if !devBuild {
+		t.Error("Expected inferring a dev build when gitTag is empty")
+	}
+	if got, want := appVersion, "1.0 (+deadbeef Fri Feb 26 06:53:17 UTC 2016)"; got != want {
+		t.Errorf("Expected appVersion='%s', got: '%s'", want, got)
+	}
+}

middleware/basicauth/basicauth_test.go

@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ md5:$apr1$l42y8rex$pOA2VJ0x/0TwaFeAF9nX61`
 		if rule.Password, err = GetHtpasswdMatcher(filename, rule.Username, siteRoot); err != nil {
 			t.Fatalf("GetHtpasswdMatcher(%q, %q): %v", htfh.Name(), rule.Username, err)
 		}
-		t.Logf("%d. username=%q password=%v", i, rule.Username, rule.Password)
+		t.Logf("%d. username=%q", i, rule.Username)
 		if !rule.Password(htpasswdPasswd) || rule.Password(htpasswdPasswd+"!") {
 			t.Errorf("%d (%s) password does not match.", i, rule.Username)
 		}

middleware/context.go

@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"text/template"
 	"time"
+
+	"github.com/russross/blackfriday"
 )
 
 // This file contains the context and functions available for
@@ -130,10 +132,16 @@ func (c Context) PathMatches(pattern string) bool {
 	return Path(c.Req.URL.Path).Matches(pattern)
 }
 
-// Truncate truncates the input string to the given length. If
-// input is shorter than length, the entire string is returned.
+// Truncate truncates the input string to the given length.
+// If length is negative, it returns that many characters
+// starting from the end of the string. If the absolute value
+// of length is greater than len(input), the whole input is
+// returned.
 func (c Context) Truncate(input string, length int) string {
-	if len(input) > length {
+	if length < 0 && len(input)+length > 0 {
+		return input[len(input)+length:]
+	}
+	if length >= 0 && len(input) > length {
 		return input[:length]
 	}
 	return input
@@ -190,3 +198,17 @@ func (c Context) StripExt(path string) string {
 func (c Context) Replace(input, find, replacement string) string {
 	return strings.Replace(input, find, replacement, -1)
 }
+
+// Markdown returns the HTML contents of the markdown contained in filename
+// (relative to the site root).
+func (c Context) Markdown(filename string) (string, error) {
+	body, err := c.Include(filename)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	renderer := blackfriday.HtmlRenderer(0, "", "")
+	extns := blackfriday.EXTENSION_TABLES | blackfriday.EXTENSION_FENCED_CODE | blackfriday.EXTENSION_STRIKETHROUGH | blackfriday.EXTENSION_DEFINITION_LISTS
+	markdown := blackfriday.Markdown([]byte(body), renderer, extns)
+
+	return string(markdown), nil
+}

middleware/context_test.go

@@ -92,6 +92,45 @@ func TestIncludeNotExisting(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestMarkdown(t *testing.T) {
+	context := getContextOrFail(t)
+
+	inputFilename := "test_file"
+	absInFilePath := filepath.Join(fmt.Sprintf("%s", context.Root), inputFilename)
+	defer func() {
+		err := os.Remove(absInFilePath)
+		if err != nil && !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			t.Fatalf("Failed to clean test file!")
+		}
+	}()
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		fileContent     string
+		expectedContent string
+	}{
+		// Test 0 - test parsing of markdown
+		{
+			fileContent:     "* str1\n* str2\n",
+			expectedContent: "<ul>\n<li>str1</li>\n<li>str2</li>\n</ul>\n",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for i, test := range tests {
+		testPrefix := getTestPrefix(i)
+
+		// WriteFile truncates the contentt
+		err := ioutil.WriteFile(absInFilePath, []byte(test.fileContent), os.ModePerm)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(testPrefix+"Failed to create test file. Error was: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		content, _ := context.Markdown(inputFilename)
+		if content != test.expectedContent {
+			t.Errorf(testPrefix+"Expected content [%s] but found [%s]. Input file was: %s", test.expectedContent, content, inputFilename)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 func TestCookie(t *testing.T) {
 
 	tests := []struct {
@@ -420,12 +459,36 @@ func TestTruncate(t *testing.T) {
 			inputLength: 10,
 			expected:    "string",
 		},
+		// Test 3 - zero length
+		{
+			inputString: "string",
+			inputLength: 0,
+			expected:    "",
+		},
+		// Test 4 - negative, smaller length
+		{
+			inputString: "string",
+			inputLength: -5,
+			expected:    "tring",
+		},
+		// Test 5 - negative, exact length
+		{
+			inputString: "string",
+			inputLength: -6,
+			expected:    "string",
+		},
+		// Test 6 - negative, bigger length
+		{
+			inputString: "string",
+			inputLength: -7,
+			expected:    "string",
+		},
 	}
 
 	for i, test := range tests {
 		actual := context.Truncate(test.inputString, test.inputLength)
 		if actual != test.expected {
-			t.Errorf(getTestPrefix(i)+"Expected %s, found %s. Input was Truncate(%q, %d)", test.expected, actual, test.inputString, test.inputLength)
+			t.Errorf(getTestPrefix(i)+"Expected '%s', found '%s'. Input was Truncate(%q, %d)", test.expected, actual, test.inputString, test.inputLength)
 		}
 	}
 }

middleware/errors/errors.go

@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ func (h ErrorHandler) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) (int, er
 
 		if h.Debug {
 			// Write error to response instead of to log
+			w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/plain; charset=utf-8")
 			w.WriteHeader(status)
 			fmt.Fprintln(w, errMsg)
 			return 0, err // returning < 400 signals that a response has been written
@@ -124,6 +125,7 @@ func (h ErrorHandler) recovery(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		// Write error and stack trace to the response rather than to a log
 		var stackBuf [4096]byte
 		stack := stackBuf[:runtime.Stack(stackBuf[:], false)]
+		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/plain; charset=utf-8")
 		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusInternalServerError)
 		fmt.Fprintf(w, "%s\n\n%s", panicMsg, stack)
 	} else {

middleware/errors/errors_test.go

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"net/http/httptest"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
@@ -158,7 +159,10 @@ func TestVisibleErrorWithPanic(t *testing.T) {
 
 func genErrorHandler(status int, err error, body string) middleware.Handler {
 	return middleware.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) (int, error) {
-		fmt.Fprint(w, body)
+		if len(body) > 0 {
+			w.Header().Set("Content-Length", strconv.Itoa(len(body)))
+			fmt.Fprint(w, body)
+		}
 		return status, err
 	})
 }

middleware/fastcgi/fastcgi.go

@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ func (h Handler) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) (int, error)
 
 			// Connect to FastCGI gateway
 			network, address := rule.parseAddress()
-			fcgi, err := Dial(network, address)
+			fcgiBackend, err := Dial(network, address)
 			if err != nil {
 				return http.StatusBadGateway, err
 			}
@@ -80,13 +80,13 @@ func (h Handler) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) (int, error)
 			contentLength, _ := strconv.Atoi(r.Header.Get("Content-Length"))
 			switch r.Method {
 			case "HEAD":
-				resp, err = fcgi.Head(env)
+				resp, err = fcgiBackend.Head(env)
 			case "GET":
-				resp, err = fcgi.Get(env)
+				resp, err = fcgiBackend.Get(env)
 			case "OPTIONS":
-				resp, err = fcgi.Options(env)
+				resp, err = fcgiBackend.Options(env)
 			default:
-				resp, err = fcgi.Post(env, r.Method, r.Header.Get("Content-Type"), r.Body, contentLength)
+				resp, err = fcgiBackend.Post(env, r.Method, r.Header.Get("Content-Type"), r.Body, contentLength)
 			}
 
 			if resp.Body != nil {
@@ -97,24 +97,28 @@ func (h Handler) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) (int, error)
 				return http.StatusBadGateway, err
 			}
 
+			// Write response header
 			writeHeader(w, resp)
 
 			// Write the response body
-			// TODO: If this has an error, the response will already be
-			// partly written. We should copy out of resp.Body into a buffer
-			// first, then write it to the response...
 			_, err = io.Copy(w, resp.Body)
 			if err != nil {
 				return http.StatusBadGateway, err
 			}
 
-			// FastCGI stderr outputs
-			if fcgi.stderr.Len() != 0 {
+			// Log any stderr output from upstream
+			if fcgiBackend.stderr.Len() != 0 {
 				// Remove trailing newline, error logger already does this.
-				err = LogError(strings.TrimSuffix(fcgi.stderr.String(), "\n"))
+				err = LogError(strings.TrimSuffix(fcgiBackend.stderr.String(), "\n"))
 			}
 
-			return resp.StatusCode, err
+			// Normally we would return the status code if it is an error status (>= 400),
+			// however, upstream FastCGI apps don't know about our contract and have
+			// probably already written an error page. So we just return 0, indicating
+			// that the response body is already written. However, we do return any
+			// error value so it can be logged.
+			// Note that the proxy middleware works the same way, returning status=0.
+			return 0, err
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -130,7 +134,7 @@ func (r Rule) parseAddress() (string, string) {
 	if strings.HasPrefix(r.Address, "tcp://") {
 		return "tcp", r.Address[len("tcp://"):]
 	}
-	// check if address has fastcgi scheme explicity set
+	// check if address has fastcgi scheme explicitly set
 	if strings.HasPrefix(r.Address, "fastcgi://") {
 		return "tcp", r.Address[len("fastcgi://"):]
 	}
@@ -174,7 +178,7 @@ func (h Handler) buildEnv(r *http.Request, rule Rule, fpath string) (map[string]
 
 	// Separate remote IP and port; more lenient than net.SplitHostPort
 	var ip, port string
-	if idx := strings.Index(r.RemoteAddr, ":"); idx > -1 {
+	if idx := strings.LastIndex(r.RemoteAddr, ":"); idx > -1 {
 		ip = r.RemoteAddr[:idx]
 		port = r.RemoteAddr[idx+1:]
 	} else {

middleware/fastcgi/fastcgi_test.go

 package fastcgi
 
 import (
+	"net"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/fcgi"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"net/url"
+	"strconv"
 	"testing"
 )
 
-func TestRuleParseAddress(t *testing.T) {
+func TestServeHTTP(t *testing.T) {
+	body := "This is some test body content"
+
+	bodyLenStr := strconv.Itoa(len(body))
+	listener, err := net.Listen("tcp", "127.0.0.1:0")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unable to create listener for test: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer listener.Close()
+	go fcgi.Serve(listener, http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.Header().Set("Content-Length", bodyLenStr)
+		w.Write([]byte(body))
+	}))
+
+	handler := Handler{
+		Next:  nil,
+		Rules: []Rule{{Path: "/", Address: listener.Addr().String()}},
+	}
+	r, err := http.NewRequest("GET", "/", nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unable to create request: %v", err)
+	}
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+
+	status, err := handler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
 
+	if got, want := status, 0; got != want {
+		t.Errorf("Expected returned status code to be %d, got %d", want, got)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Expected nil error, got: %v", err)
+	}
+	if got, want := w.Header().Get("Content-Length"), bodyLenStr; got != want {
+		t.Errorf("Expected Content-Length to be '%s', got: '%s'", want, got)
+	}
+	if got, want := w.Body.String(), body; got != want {
+		t.Errorf("Expected response body to be '%s', got: '%s'", want, got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRuleParseAddress(t *testing.T) {
 	getClientTestTable := []struct {
 		rule            *Rule
 		expectednetwork string
@@ -25,7 +70,61 @@ func TestRuleParseAddress(t *testing.T) {
 		if _, actualaddress := entry.rule.parseAddress(); actualaddress != entry.expectedaddress {
 			t.Errorf("Unexpected parsed address for address string %v. Got %v, expected %v", entry.rule.Address, actualaddress, entry.expectedaddress)
 		}
+	}
+}
 
+func TestBuildEnv(t *testing.T) {
+	testBuildEnv := func(r *http.Request, rule Rule, fpath string, envExpected map[string]string) {
+		var h Handler
+		env, err := h.buildEnv(r, rule, fpath)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Error("Unexpected error:", err.Error())
+		}
+		for k, v := range envExpected {
+			if env[k] != v {
+				t.Errorf("Unexpected %v. Got %v, expected %v", k, env[k], v)
+			}
+		}
 	}
 
+	rule := Rule{}
+	url, err := url.Parse("http://localhost:2015/fgci_test.php?test=blabla")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error("Unexpected error:", err.Error())
+	}
+
+	r := http.Request{
+		Method:     "GET",
+		URL:        url,
+		Proto:      "HTTP/1.1",
+		ProtoMajor: 1,
+		ProtoMinor: 1,
+		Host:       "localhost:2015",
+		RemoteAddr: "[2b02:1810:4f2d:9400:70ab:f822:be8a:9093]:51688",
+		RequestURI: "/fgci_test.php",
+	}
+
+	fpath := "/fgci_test.php"
+
+	var envExpected = map[string]string{
+		"REMOTE_ADDR":     "[2b02:1810:4f2d:9400:70ab:f822:be8a:9093]",
+		"REMOTE_PORT":     "51688",
+		"SERVER_PROTOCOL": "HTTP/1.1",
+		"QUERY_STRING":    "test=blabla",
+		"REQUEST_METHOD":  "GET",
+		"HTTP_HOST":       "localhost:2015",
+	}
+
+	// 1. Test for full canonical IPv6 address
+	testBuildEnv(&r, rule, fpath, envExpected)
+
+	// 2. Test for shorthand notation of IPv6 address
+	r.RemoteAddr = "[::1]:51688"
+	envExpected["REMOTE_ADDR"] = "[::1]"
+	testBuildEnv(&r, rule, fpath, envExpected)
+
+	// 3. Test for IPv4 address
+	r.RemoteAddr = "192.168.0.10:51688"
+	envExpected["REMOTE_ADDR"] = "192.168.0.10"
+	testBuildEnv(&r, rule, fpath, envExpected)
 }

middleware/fastcgi/fcgiclient.go

@@ -169,12 +169,11 @@ type FCGIClient struct {
 	reqID     uint16
 }
 
-// Dial connects to the fcgi responder at the specified network address.
+// DialWithDialer connects to the fcgi responder at the specified network address, using custom net.Dialer.
 // See func net.Dial for a description of the network and address parameters.
-func Dial(network, address string) (fcgi *FCGIClient, err error) {
+func DialWithDialer(network, address string, dialer net.Dialer) (fcgi *FCGIClient, err error) {
 	var conn net.Conn
-
-	conn, err = net.Dial(network, address)
+	conn, err = dialer.Dial(network, address)
 	if err != nil {
 		return
 	}
@@ -188,6 +187,12 @@ func Dial(network, address string) (fcgi *FCGIClient, err error) {
 	return
 }
 
+// Dial connects to the fcgi responder at the specified network address, using default net.Dialer.
+// See func net.Dial for a description of the network and address parameters.
+func Dial(network, address string) (fcgi *FCGIClient, err error) {
+	return DialWithDialer(network, address, net.Dialer{})
+}
+
 // Close closes fcgi connnection
 func (c *FCGIClient) Close() {
 	c.rwc.Close()

middleware/fastcgi/fcgiclient_test.go

@@ -39,9 +39,7 @@ const (
 	ipPort = "127.0.0.1:59000"
 )
 
-var (
-	t_ *testing.T
-)
+var globalt *testing.T
 
 type FastCGIServer struct{}
 
@@ -158,7 +156,7 @@ func sendFcgi(reqType int, fcgiParams map[string]string, data []byte, posts map[
 	time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
 
 	if bytes.Index(content, []byte("FAILED")) >= 0 {
-		t_.Error("Server return failed message")
+		globalt.Error("Server return failed message")
 	}
 
 	return
@@ -193,7 +191,7 @@ func generateRandFile(size int) (p string, m string) {
 
 func DisabledTest(t *testing.T) {
 	// TODO: test chunked reader
-	t_ = t
+	globalt = t
 
 	rand.Seed(time.Now().UTC().UnixNano())
 

middleware/fileserver_test.go

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ func TestServeHTTP(t *testing.T) {
 		expectedStatus      int
 		expectedBodyContent string
 	}{
-		// Test 0 - access withoutt any path
+		// Test 0 - access without any path
 		{
 			url:            "https://foo",
 			expectedStatus: http.StatusNotFound,
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ func TestServeHTTP(t *testing.T) {
 			url:            "https://foo/dir/",
 			expectedStatus: http.StatusNotFound,
 		},
-		// Test 6 - access folder withtout trailing slash
+		// Test 6 - access folder without trailing slash
 		{
 			url:                 "https://foo/dir",
 			expectedStatus:      http.StatusMovedPermanently,

middleware/gzip/gzip.go

@@ -3,10 +3,12 @@
 package gzip
 
 import (
+	"bufio"
 	"compress/gzip"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"io/ioutil"
+	"net"
 	"net/http"
 	"strings"
 
@@ -130,3 +132,12 @@ func (w *gzipResponseWriter) Write(b []byte) (int, error) {
 	n, err := w.Writer.Write(b)
 	return n, err
 }
+
+// Hijack implements http.Hijacker. It simply wraps the underlying
+// ResponseWriter's Hijack method if there is one, or returns an error.
+func (w *gzipResponseWriter) Hijack() (net.Conn, *bufio.ReadWriter, error) {
+	if hj, ok := w.ResponseWriter.(http.Hijacker); ok {
+		return hj.Hijack()
+	}
+	return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("not a Hijacker")
+}

middleware/markdown/markdown_test.go

@@ -32,6 +32,18 @@ func TestMarkdown(t *testing.T) {
 				StaticDir:   DefaultStaticDir,
 				StaticFiles: make(map[string]string),
 			},
+			{
+				Renderer:   blackfriday.HtmlRenderer(0, "", ""),
+				PathScope:  "/docflags",
+				Extensions: []string{".md"},
+				Styles:     []string{},
+				Scripts:    []string{},
+				Templates: map[string]string{
+					DefaultTemplate: "testdata/docflags/template.txt",
+				},
+				StaticDir:   DefaultStaticDir,
+				StaticFiles: make(map[string]string),
+			},
 			{
 				Renderer:    blackfriday.HtmlRenderer(0, "", ""),
 				PathScope:   "/log",
@@ -114,6 +126,26 @@ Welcome to A Caddy website!
 		t.Fatalf("Expected body: %v got: %v", expectedBody, respBody)
 	}
 
+	req, err = http.NewRequest("GET", "/docflags/test.md", nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Could not create HTTP request: %v", err)
+	}
+	rec = httptest.NewRecorder()
+
+	md.ServeHTTP(rec, req)
+	if rec.Code != http.StatusOK {
+		t.Fatalf("Wrong status, expected: %d and got %d", http.StatusOK, rec.Code)
+	}
+	respBody = rec.Body.String()
+	expectedBody = `Doc.var_string hello
+Doc.var_bool <no value>
+DocFlags.var_string <no value>
+DocFlags.var_bool true`
+
+	if !equalStrings(respBody, expectedBody) {
+		t.Fatalf("Expected body: %v got: %v", expectedBody, respBody)
+	}
+
 	req, err = http.NewRequest("GET", "/log/test.md", nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Could not create HTTP request: %v", err)
@@ -190,6 +222,7 @@ Welcome to title!
 
 	expectedLinks := []string{
 		"/blog/test.md",
+		"/docflags/test.md",
 		"/log/test.md",
 	}
 

middleware/markdown/metadata.go

@@ -23,6 +23,9 @@ type Metadata struct {
 
 	// Variables to be used with Template
 	Variables map[string]string
+
+	// Flags to be used with Template
+	Flags map[string]bool
 }
 
 // load loads parsed values in parsedMap into Metadata
@@ -40,8 +43,11 @@ func (m *Metadata) load(parsedMap map[string]interface{}) {
 	}
 	// store everything as a variable
 	for key, val := range parsedMap {
-		if v, ok := val.(string); ok {
+		switch v := val.(type) {
+		case string:
 			m.Variables[key] = v
+		case bool:
+			m.Flags[key] = v
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -219,11 +225,18 @@ func findParser(b []byte) MetadataParser {
 	return nil
 }
 
+func newMetadata() Metadata {
+	return Metadata{
+		Variables: make(map[string]string),
+		Flags:     make(map[string]bool),
+	}
+}
+
 // parsers returns all available parsers
 func parsers() []MetadataParser {
 	return []MetadataParser{
-		&JSONMetadataParser{metadata: Metadata{Variables: make(map[string]string)}},
-		&TOMLMetadataParser{metadata: Metadata{Variables: make(map[string]string)}},
-		&YAMLMetadataParser{metadata: Metadata{Variables: make(map[string]string)}},
+		&JSONMetadataParser{metadata: newMetadata()},
+		&TOMLMetadataParser{metadata: newMetadata()},
+		&YAMLMetadataParser{metadata: newMetadata()},
 	}
 }

middleware/markdown/metadata_test.go

@@ -18,11 +18,15 @@ var TOML = [5]string{`
 title = "A title"
 template = "default"
 name = "value"
+positive = true
+negative = false
 `,
 	`+++
 title = "A title"
 template = "default"
 name = "value"
+positive = true
+negative = false
 +++
 Page content
 	`,
@@ -30,12 +34,16 @@ Page content
 title = "A title"
 template = "default"
 name = "value"
+positive = true
+negative = false
 	`,
 	`title = "A title" template = "default" [variables] name = "value"`,
 	`+++
 title = "A title"
 template = "default"
 name = "value"
+positive = true
+negative = false
 +++
 `,
 }
@@ -44,11 +52,15 @@ var YAML = [5]string{`
 title : A title
 template : default
 name : value
+positive : true
+negative : false
 `,
 	`---
 title : A title
 template : default
 name : value
+positive : true
+negative : false
 ---
 	Page content
 	`,
@@ -57,11 +69,13 @@ title : A title
 template : default
 name : value
 	`,
-	`title : A title template : default variables : name : value`,
+	`title : A title template : default variables : name : value : positive : true : negative : false`,
 	`---
 title : A title
 template : default
 name : value
+positive : true
+negative : false
 ---
 `,
 }
@@ -69,12 +83,16 @@ name : value
 var JSON = [5]string{`
 	"title" : "A title",
 	"template" : "default",
-	"name" : "value"
+	"name" : "value",
+	"positive" : true,
+	"negative" : false
 `,
 	`{
 	"title" : "A title",
 	"template" : "default",
-	"name" : "value"
+	"name" : "value",
+	"positive" : true,
+	"negative" : false
 }
 Page content
 	`,
@@ -82,19 +100,25 @@ Page content
 {
 	"title" : "A title",
 	"template" : "default",
-	"name" : "value"
+	"name" : "value",
+	"positive" : true,
+	"negative" : false
 	`,
 	`
 {
 	"title" :: "A title",
 	"template" : "default",
-	"name" : "value"
+	"name" : "value",
+	"positive" : true,
+	"negative" : false
 }
 	`,
 	`{
 	"title" : "A title",
 	"template" : "default",
-	"name" : "value"
+	"name" : "value",
+	"positive" : true,
+	"negative" : false
 }
 `,
 }
@@ -108,6 +132,10 @@ func TestParsers(t *testing.T) {
 			"title":    "A title",
 			"template": "default",
 		},
+		Flags: map[string]bool{
+			"positive": true,
+			"negative": false,
+		},
 	}
 	compare := func(m Metadata) bool {
 		if m.Title != expected.Title {
@@ -121,7 +149,14 @@ func TestParsers(t *testing.T) {
 				return false
 			}
 		}
-		return len(m.Variables) == len(expected.Variables)
+		for k, v := range m.Flags {
+			if v != expected.Flags[k] {
+				return false
+			}
+		}
+		varLenOK := len(m.Variables) == len(expected.Variables)
+		flagLenOK := len(m.Flags) == len(expected.Flags)
+		return varLenOK && flagLenOK
 	}
 
 	data := []struct {
@@ -129,9 +164,9 @@ func TestParsers(t *testing.T) {
 		testData [5]string
 		name     string
 	}{
-		{&JSONMetadataParser{metadata: Metadata{Variables: make(map[string]string)}}, JSON, "json"},
-		{&YAMLMetadataParser{metadata: Metadata{Variables: make(map[string]string)}}, YAML, "yaml"},
-		{&TOMLMetadataParser{metadata: Metadata{Variables: make(map[string]string)}}, TOML, "toml"},
+		{&JSONMetadataParser{metadata: newMetadata()}, JSON, "json"},
+		{&YAMLMetadataParser{metadata: newMetadata()}, YAML, "yaml"},
+		{&TOMLMetadataParser{metadata: newMetadata()}, TOML, "toml"},
 	}
 
 	for _, v := range data {
@@ -207,9 +242,9 @@ Mycket olika byggnader har man i de nordiska rikena: pyramidformiga, kilformiga,
 		testData string
 		name     string
 	}{
-		{&JSONMetadataParser{metadata: Metadata{Variables: make(map[string]string)}}, JSON, "json"},
-		{&YAMLMetadataParser{metadata: Metadata{Variables: make(map[string]string)}}, YAML, "yaml"},
-		{&TOMLMetadataParser{metadata: Metadata{Variables: make(map[string]string)}}, TOML, "toml"},
+		{&JSONMetadataParser{metadata: newMetadata()}, JSON, "json"},
+		{&YAMLMetadataParser{metadata: newMetadata()}, YAML, "yaml"},
+		{&TOMLMetadataParser{metadata: newMetadata()}, TOML, "toml"},
 	}
 	for _, v := range data {
 		// metadata without identifiers

middleware/markdown/process.go

@@ -23,14 +23,15 @@ const (
 // Data represents a markdown document.
 type Data struct {
 	middleware.Context
-	Doc   map[string]string
-	Links []PageLink
+	Doc      map[string]string
+	DocFlags map[string]bool
+	Links    []PageLink
 }
 
 // Process processes the contents of a page in b. It parses the metadata
 // (if any) and uses the template (if found).
 func (md Markdown) Process(c *Config, requestPath string, b []byte, ctx middleware.Context) ([]byte, error) {
-	var metadata = Metadata{Variables: make(map[string]string)}
+	var metadata = newMetadata()
 	var markdown []byte
 	var err error
 
@@ -68,7 +69,7 @@ func (md Markdown) Process(c *Config, requestPath string, b []byte, ctx middlewa
 	}
 
 	// process markdown
-	extns := blackfriday.EXTENSION_TABLES | blackfriday.EXTENSION_FENCED_CODE | blackfriday.EXTENSION_STRIKETHROUGH
+	extns := blackfriday.EXTENSION_TABLES | blackfriday.EXTENSION_FENCED_CODE | blackfriday.EXTENSION_STRIKETHROUGH | blackfriday.EXTENSION_DEFINITION_LISTS
 	markdown = blackfriday.Markdown(markdown, c.Renderer, extns)
 
 	// set it as body for template
@@ -100,9 +101,10 @@ func (md Markdown) processTemplate(c *Config, requestPath string, tmpl []byte, m
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	mdData := Data{
-		Context: ctx,
-		Doc:     metadata.Variables,
-		Links:   c.Links,
+		Context:  ctx,
+		Doc:      metadata.Variables,
+		DocFlags: metadata.Flags,
+		Links:    c.Links,
 	}
 
 	c.RLock()

middleware/markdown/testdata/docflags/template.txt

+Doc.var_string {{.Doc.var_string}}
+Doc.var_bool {{.Doc.var_bool}}
+DocFlags.var_string {{.DocFlags.var_string}}
+DocFlags.var_bool {{.DocFlags.var_bool}}

middleware/markdown/testdata/docflags/test.md

+---
+var_string: hello
+var_bool: true
+---

middleware/middleware.go

@@ -13,30 +13,24 @@ type (
 	// passed the next Handler in the chain.
 	Middleware func(Handler) Handler
 
-	// Handler is like http.Handler except ServeHTTP returns a status code
-	// and an error. The status code is for the client's benefit; the error
-	// value is for the server's benefit. The status code will be sent to
-	// the client while the error value will be logged privately. Sometimes,
-	// an error status code (4xx or 5xx) may be returned with a nil error
-	// when there is no reason to log the error on the server.
+	// Handler is like http.Handler except ServeHTTP may return a status
+	// code and/or error.
 	//
-	// If a HandlerFunc returns an error (status >= 400), it should NOT
-	// write to the response. This philosophy makes middleware.Handler
-	// different from http.Handler: error handling should happen at the
-	// application layer or in dedicated error-handling middleware only
-	// rather than with an "every middleware for itself" paradigm.
+	// If ServeHTTP writes to the response body, it should return a status
+	// code of 0. This signals to other handlers above it that the response
+	// body is already written, and that they should not write to it also.
 	//
-	// The application or error-handling middleware should incorporate logic
-	// to ensure that the client always gets a proper response according to
-	// the status code. For security reasons, it should probably not reveal
-	// the actual error message. (Instead it should be logged, for example.)
+	// If ServeHTTP encounters an error, it should return the error value
+	// so it can be logged by designated error-handling middleware.
 	//
-	// Handlers which do write to the response should return a status value
-	// < 400 as a signal that a response has been written. In other words,
-	// only error-handling middleware or the application will write to the
-	// response for a status code >= 400. When ANY handler writes to the
-	// response, it should return a status code < 400 to signal others to
-	// NOT write to the response again, which would be erroneous.
+	// If writing a response after calling another ServeHTTP method, the
+	// returned status code SHOULD be used when writing the response.
+	//
+	// If handling errors after calling another ServeHTTP method, the
+	// returned error value SHOULD be logged or handled accordingly.
+	//
+	// Otherwise, return values should be propagated down the middleware
+	// chain by returning them unchanged.
 	Handler interface {
 		ServeHTTP(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request) (int, error)
 	}
@@ -102,7 +96,8 @@ func SetLastModifiedHeader(w http.ResponseWriter, modTime time.Time) {
 	w.Header().Set("Last-Modified", modTime.UTC().Format(http.TimeFormat))
 }
 
-// currentTime returns time.Now() everytime it's called. It's used for mocking in tests.
+// currentTime, as it is defined here, returns time.Now().
+// It's defined as a variable for mocking time in tests.
 var currentTime = func() time.Time {
 	return time.Now()
 }

middleware/proxy/proxy.go

@@ -63,7 +63,6 @@ var tryDuration = 60 * time.Second
 
 // ServeHTTP satisfies the middleware.Handler interface.
 func (p Proxy) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) (int, error) {
-
 	for _, upstream := range p.Upstreams {
 		if middleware.Path(r.URL.Path).Matches(upstream.From()) && upstream.IsAllowedPath(r.URL.Path) {
 			var replacer middleware.Replacer

middleware/proxy/proxy_test.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package proxy
 import (
 	"bufio"
 	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"io/ioutil"
 	"log"
@@ -11,6 +12,8 @@ import (
 	"net/http/httptest"
 	"net/url"
 	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"runtime"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
@@ -160,6 +163,69 @@ func TestWebSocketReverseProxyFromWSClient(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestUnixSocketProxy(t *testing.T) {
+	if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
+		return
+	}
+
+	trialMsg := "Is it working?"
+
+	var proxySuccess bool
+
+	// This is our fake "application" we want to proxy to
+	ts := httptest.NewUnstartedServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		// Request was proxied when this is called
+		proxySuccess = true
+
+		fmt.Fprint(w, trialMsg)
+	}))
+
+	// Get absolute path for unix: socket
+	socketPath, err := filepath.Abs("./test_socket")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unable to get absolute path: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Change httptest.Server listener to listen to unix: socket
+	ln, err := net.Listen("unix", socketPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unable to listen: %v", err)
+	}
+	ts.Listener = ln
+
+	ts.Start()
+	defer ts.Close()
+
+	url := strings.Replace(ts.URL, "http://", "unix:", 1)
+	p := newWebSocketTestProxy(url)
+
+	echoProxy := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		p.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+	}))
+	defer echoProxy.Close()
+
+	res, err := http.Get(echoProxy.URL)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unable to GET: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	greeting, err := ioutil.ReadAll(res.Body)
+	res.Body.Close()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unable to GET: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	actualMsg := fmt.Sprintf("%s", greeting)
+
+	if !proxySuccess {
+		t.Errorf("Expected request to be proxied, but it wasn't")
+	}
+
+	if actualMsg != trialMsg {
+		t.Errorf("Expected '%s' but got '%s' instead", trialMsg, actualMsg)
+	}
+}
+
 func newFakeUpstream(name string, insecure bool) *fakeUpstream {
 	uri, _ := url.Parse(name)
 	u := &fakeUpstream{

middleware/proxy/reverseproxy.go

@@ -59,6 +59,18 @@ func singleJoiningSlash(a, b string) string {
 	return a + b
 }
 
+// Though the relevant directive prefix is just "unix:", url.Parse
+// will - assuming the regular URL scheme - add additional slashes
+// as if "unix" was a request protocol.
+// What we need is just the path, so if "unix:/var/run/www.socket"
+// was the proxy directive, the parsed hostName would be
+// "unix:///var/run/www.socket", hence the ambiguous trimming.
+func socketDial(hostName string) func(network, addr string) (conn net.Conn, err error) {
+	return func(network, addr string) (conn net.Conn, err error) {
+		return net.Dial("unix", hostName[len("unix://"):])
+	}
+}
+
 // NewSingleHostReverseProxy returns a new ReverseProxy that rewrites
 // URLs to the scheme, host, and base path provided in target. If the
 // target's path is "/base" and the incoming request was for "/dir",
@@ -68,8 +80,15 @@ func singleJoiningSlash(a, b string) string {
 func NewSingleHostReverseProxy(target *url.URL, without string) *ReverseProxy {
 	targetQuery := target.RawQuery
 	director := func(req *http.Request) {
-		req.URL.Scheme = target.Scheme
-		req.URL.Host = target.Host
+		if target.Scheme == "unix" {
+			// to make Dial work with unix URL,
+			// scheme and host have to be faked
+			req.URL.Scheme = "http"
+			req.URL.Host = "socket"
+		} else {
+			req.URL.Scheme = target.Scheme
+			req.URL.Host = target.Host
+		}
 		req.URL.Path = singleJoiningSlash(target.Path, req.URL.Path)
 		if targetQuery == "" || req.URL.RawQuery == "" {
 			req.URL.RawQuery = targetQuery + req.URL.RawQuery
@@ -80,7 +99,13 @@ func NewSingleHostReverseProxy(target *url.URL, without string) *ReverseProxy {
 			req.URL.Path = strings.TrimPrefix(req.URL.Path, without)
 		}
 	}
-	return &ReverseProxy{Director: director}
+	rp := &ReverseProxy{Director: director}
+	if target.Scheme == "unix" {
+		rp.Transport = &http.Transport{
+			Dial: socketDial(target.String()),
+		}
+	}
+	return rp
 }
 
 func copyHeader(dst, src http.Header) {

middleware/proxy/upstream.go

@@ -65,7 +65,8 @@ func NewStaticUpstreams(c parse.Dispenser) ([]Upstream, error) {
 
 		upstream.Hosts = make([]*UpstreamHost, len(to))
 		for i, host := range to {
-			if !strings.HasPrefix(host, "http") {
+			if !strings.HasPrefix(host, "http") &&
+				!strings.HasPrefix(host, "unix:") {
 				host = "http://" + host
 			}
 			uh := &UpstreamHost{

middleware/recorder.go

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ import (
 // to be written, however, in which case 200 must be assumed.
 // It is best to have the constructor initialize this type
 // with that default status code.
-type responseRecorder struct {
+type ResponseRecorder struct {
 	http.ResponseWriter
 	status int
 	size   int
@@ -27,8 +27,8 @@ type responseRecorder struct {
 // Because a status is not set unless WriteHeader is called
 // explicitly, this constructor initializes with a status code
 // of 200 to cover the default case.
-func NewResponseRecorder(w http.ResponseWriter) *responseRecorder {
-	return &responseRecorder{
+func NewResponseRecorder(w http.ResponseWriter) *ResponseRecorder {
+	return &ResponseRecorder{
 		ResponseWriter: w,
 		status:         http.StatusOK,
 		start:          time.Now(),
@@ -37,14 +37,14 @@ func NewResponseRecorder(w http.ResponseWriter) *responseRecorder {
 
 // WriteHeader records the status code and calls the
 // underlying ResponseWriter's WriteHeader method.
-func (r *responseRecorder) WriteHeader(status int) {
+func (r *ResponseRecorder) WriteHeader(status int) {
 	r.status = status
 	r.ResponseWriter.WriteHeader(status)
 }
 
 // Write is a wrapper that records the size of the body
 // that gets written.
-func (r *responseRecorder) Write(buf []byte) (int, error) {
+func (r *ResponseRecorder) Write(buf []byte) (int, error) {
 	n, err := r.ResponseWriter.Write(buf)
 	if err == nil {
 		r.size += n
@@ -52,11 +52,21 @@ func (r *responseRecorder) Write(buf []byte) (int, error) {
 	return n, err
 }
 
-// Hijacker is a wrapper of http.Hijacker underearth if any,
-// otherwise it just returns an error.
-func (r *responseRecorder) Hijack() (net.Conn, *bufio.ReadWriter, error) {
+// Size is a Getter to size property
+func (r *ResponseRecorder) Size() int {
+	return r.size
+}
+
+// Status is a Getter to status property
+func (r *ResponseRecorder) Status() int {
+	return r.status
+}
+
+// Hijack implements http.Hijacker. It simply wraps the underlying
+// ResponseWriter's Hijack method if there is one, or returns an error.
+func (r *ResponseRecorder) Hijack() (net.Conn, *bufio.ReadWriter, error) {
 	if hj, ok := r.ResponseWriter.(http.Hijacker); ok {
 		return hj.Hijack()
 	}
-	return nil, nil, errors.New("I'm not a Hijacker")
+	return nil, nil, errors.New("not a Hijacker")
 }

middleware/replacer.go

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ type replacer struct {
 // values into the replacer. rr may be nil if it is not
 // available. emptyValue should be the string that is used
 // in place of empty string (can still be empty string).
-func NewReplacer(r *http.Request, rr *responseRecorder, emptyValue string) Replacer {
+func NewReplacer(r *http.Request, rr *ResponseRecorder, emptyValue string) Replacer {
 	rep := replacer{
 		replacements: map[string]string{
 			"{method}": r.Method,

server/config.go

@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@ type Config struct {
 	// HTTPS configuration
 	TLS TLSConfig
 
-	// Middleware stack; map of path scope to middleware -- TODO: Support path scope?
-	Middleware map[string][]middleware.Middleware
+	// Middleware stack
+	Middleware []middleware.Middleware
 
 	// Startup is a list of functions (or methods) to execute at
 	// server startup and restart; these are executed before any
@@ -65,13 +65,11 @@ func (c Config) Address() string {
 
 // TLSConfig describes how TLS should be configured and used.
 type TLSConfig struct {
-	Enabled          bool
-	Certificate      string
-	Key              string
-	LetsEncryptEmail string
-	Managed          bool // will be set to true if config qualifies for automatic, managed TLS
-	//DisableHTTPRedir         bool // TODO: not a good idea - should we really allow it?
-	OCSPStaple               []byte
+	Enabled                  bool // will be set to true if TLS is enabled
+	LetsEncryptEmail         string
+	Manual                   bool // will be set to true if user provides own certs and keys
+	Managed                  bool // will be set to true if config qualifies for implicit automatic/managed HTTPS
+	OnDemand                 bool // will be set to true if user enables on-demand TLS (obtain certs during handshakes)
 	Ciphers                  []uint16
 	ProtocolMinVersion       uint16
 	ProtocolMaxVersion       uint16

server/server.go

@@ -15,8 +15,6 @@ import (
 	"runtime"
 	"sync"
 	"time"
-
-	"golang.org/x/net/http2"
 )
 
 // Server represents an instance of a server, which serves
@@ -26,8 +24,9 @@ import (
 // graceful termination (POSIX only).
 type Server struct {
 	*http.Server
-	HTTP2       bool                   // temporary while http2 is not in std lib (TODO: remove flag when part of std lib)
+	HTTP2       bool                   // whether to enable HTTP/2
 	tls         bool                   // whether this server is serving all HTTPS hosts or not
+	OnDemandTLS bool                   // whether this server supports on-demand TLS (load certs at handshake-time)
 	vhosts      map[string]virtualHost // virtual hosts keyed by their address
 	listener    ListenerFile           // the listener which is bound to the socket
 	listenerMu  sync.Mutex             // protects listener
@@ -35,6 +34,7 @@ type Server struct {
 	startChan   chan struct{}          // used to block until server is finished starting
 	connTimeout time.Duration          // the maximum duration of a graceful shutdown
 	ReqCallback OptionalCallback       // if non-nil, is executed at the beginning of every request
+	SNICallback func(clientHello *tls.ClientHelloInfo) (*tls.Certificate, error)
 }
 
 // ListenerFile represents a listener.
@@ -60,20 +60,23 @@ type OptionalCallback func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request) bool
 // as it stands, you should dispose of a server after stopping it.
 // The behavior of serving with a spent server is undefined.
 func New(addr string, configs []Config, gracefulTimeout time.Duration) (*Server, error) {
-	var tls bool
+	var useTLS, useOnDemandTLS bool
 	if len(configs) > 0 {
-		tls = configs[0].TLS.Enabled
+		useTLS = configs[0].TLS.Enabled
+		useOnDemandTLS = configs[0].TLS.OnDemand
 	}
 
 	s := &Server{
 		Server: &http.Server{
-			Addr: addr,
+			Addr:      addr,
+			TLSConfig: new(tls.Config),
 			// TODO: Make these values configurable?
 			// ReadTimeout:    2 * time.Minute,
 			// WriteTimeout:   2 * time.Minute,
 			// MaxHeaderBytes: 1 << 16,
 		},
-		tls:         tls,
+		tls:         useTLS,
+		OnDemandTLS: useOnDemandTLS,
 		vhosts:      make(map[string]virtualHost),
 		startChan:   make(chan struct{}),
 		connTimeout: gracefulTimeout,
@@ -168,7 +171,7 @@ func (s *Server) serve(ln ListenerFile) error {
 		for _, vh := range s.vhosts {
 			tlsConfigs = append(tlsConfigs, vh.config.TLS)
 		}
-		return serveTLSWithSNI(s, s.listener, tlsConfigs)
+		return serveTLS(s, s.listener, tlsConfigs)
 	}
 
 	close(s.startChan) // unblock anyone waiting for this to start listening
@@ -179,9 +182,8 @@ func (s *Server) serve(ln ListenerFile) error {
 // called just before the listener announces itself on the network
 // and should only be called when the server is just starting up.
 func (s *Server) setup() error {
-	if s.HTTP2 {
-		// TODO: This call may not be necessary after HTTP/2 is merged into std lib
-		http2.ConfigureServer(s.Server, nil)
+	if !s.HTTP2 {
+		s.TLSNextProto = make(map[string]func(*http.Server, *tls.Conn, http.Handler))
 	}
 
 	// Execute startup functions now
@@ -197,41 +199,17 @@ func (s *Server) setup() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-// serveTLSWithSNI serves TLS with Server Name Indication (SNI) support, which allows
-// multiple sites (different hostnames) to be served from the same address. It also
-// supports client authentication if srv has it enabled. It blocks until s quits.
-//
-// This method is adapted from the std lib's net/http ServeTLS function, which was written
-// by the Go Authors. It has been modified to support multiple certificate/key pairs,
-// client authentication, and our custom Server type.
-func serveTLSWithSNI(s *Server, ln net.Listener, tlsConfigs []TLSConfig) error {
-	config := cloneTLSConfig(s.TLSConfig)
-	if config.NextProtos == nil {
-		config.NextProtos = []string{"http/1.1"}
-	}
-
-	// Here we diverge from the stdlib a bit by loading multiple certs/key pairs
-	// then we map the server names to their certs
-	var err error
-	config.Certificates = make([]tls.Certificate, len(tlsConfigs))
-	for i, tlsConfig := range tlsConfigs {
-		config.Certificates[i], err = tls.LoadX509KeyPair(tlsConfig.Certificate, tlsConfig.Key)
-		config.Certificates[i].OCSPStaple = tlsConfig.OCSPStaple
-		if err != nil {
-			defer close(s.startChan)
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-	config.BuildNameToCertificate()
-
+// serveTLS serves TLS with SNI and client auth support if s has them enabled. It
+// blocks until s quits.
+func serveTLS(s *Server, ln net.Listener, tlsConfigs []TLSConfig) error {
 	// Customize our TLS configuration
-	config.MinVersion = tlsConfigs[0].ProtocolMinVersion
-	config.MaxVersion = tlsConfigs[0].ProtocolMaxVersion
-	config.CipherSuites = tlsConfigs[0].Ciphers
-	config.PreferServerCipherSuites = tlsConfigs[0].PreferServerCipherSuites
+	s.TLSConfig.MinVersion = tlsConfigs[0].ProtocolMinVersion
+	s.TLSConfig.MaxVersion = tlsConfigs[0].ProtocolMaxVersion
+	s.TLSConfig.CipherSuites = tlsConfigs[0].Ciphers
+	s.TLSConfig.PreferServerCipherSuites = tlsConfigs[0].PreferServerCipherSuites
 
 	// TLS client authentication, if user enabled it
-	err = setupClientAuth(tlsConfigs, config)
+	err := setupClientAuth(tlsConfigs, s.TLSConfig)
 	if err != nil {
 		defer close(s.startChan)
 		return err
@@ -241,7 +219,7 @@ func serveTLSWithSNI(s *Server, ln net.Listener, tlsConfigs []TLSConfig) error {
 	// with this TLS listener; tls.listener is unexported and does
 	// not implement the File() method we need for graceful restarts
 	// on POSIX systems.
-	ln = tls.NewListener(ln, config)
+	ln = tls.NewListener(ln, s.TLSConfig)
 
 	close(s.startChan) // unblock anyone waiting for this to start listening
 	return s.Server.Serve(ln)
@@ -345,9 +323,16 @@ func (s *Server) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 			DefaultErrorFunc(w, r, status)
 		}
 	} else {
+		// Get the remote host
+		remoteHost, _, err := net.SplitHostPort(r.RemoteAddr)
+		if err != nil {
+			remoteHost = r.RemoteAddr
+		}
+
 		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNotFound)
 		fmt.Fprintf(w, "No such host at %s", s.Server.Addr)
-		log.Printf("[INFO] %s - No such host at %s", host, s.Server.Addr)
+		log.Printf("[INFO] %s - No such host at %s (Remote: %s, Referer: %s)",
+			host, s.Server.Addr, remoteHost, r.Header.Get("Referer"))
 	}
 }
 
@@ -432,34 +417,6 @@ func (ln tcpKeepAliveListener) File() (*os.File, error) {
 	return ln.TCPListener.File()
 }
 
-// copied from net/http/transport.go
-func cloneTLSConfig(cfg *tls.Config) *tls.Config {
-	if cfg == nil {
-		return &tls.Config{}
-	}
-	return &tls.Config{
-		Rand:                     cfg.Rand,
-		Time:                     cfg.Time,
-		Certificates:             cfg.Certificates,
-		NameToCertificate:        cfg.NameToCertificate,
-		GetCertificate:           cfg.GetCertificate,
-		RootCAs:                  cfg.RootCAs,
-		NextProtos:               cfg.NextProtos,
-		ServerName:               cfg.ServerName,
-		ClientAuth:               cfg.ClientAuth,
-		ClientCAs:                cfg.ClientCAs,
-		InsecureSkipVerify:       cfg.InsecureSkipVerify,
-		CipherSuites:             cfg.CipherSuites,
-		PreferServerCipherSuites: cfg.PreferServerCipherSuites,
-		SessionTicketsDisabled:   cfg.SessionTicketsDisabled,
-		SessionTicketKey:         cfg.SessionTicketKey,
-		ClientSessionCache:       cfg.ClientSessionCache,
-		MinVersion:               cfg.MinVersion,
-		MaxVersion:               cfg.MaxVersion,
-		CurvePreferences:         cfg.CurvePreferences,
-	}
-}
-
 // ShutdownCallbacks executes all the shutdown callbacks
 // for all the virtualhosts in servers, and returns all the
 // errors generated during their execution. In other words,

server/virtualhost.go

@@ -21,13 +21,7 @@ type virtualHost struct {
 // ListenAndServe begins.
 func (vh *virtualHost) buildStack() error {
 	vh.fileServer = middleware.FileServer(http.Dir(vh.config.Root), []string{vh.config.ConfigFile})
-
-	// TODO: We only compile middleware for the "/" scope.
-	// Partial support for multiple location contexts already
-	// exists at the parser and config levels, but until full
-	// support is implemented, this is all we do right here.
-	vh.compile(vh.config.Middleware["/"])
-
+	vh.compile(vh.config.Middleware)
 	return nil
 }