Merge branch 'docs-external-links-6' into 'master'

Update links in /university /pages /gitlab-basics, etc.

See merge request gitlab-org/gitlab!18234

doc/development/contributing/issue_workflow.md

@@ -26,10 +26,11 @@ on those issues. Please select someone with relevant experience from the
 If there is nobody mentioned with that expertise look in the commit history for
 the affected files to find someone.
 
-We also use [GitLab Triage](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-triage) to
-automate some triaging policies. This is currently set up as a
-[scheduled pipeline](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/quality/triage-ops/pipeline_schedules/10512/edit)
-running on [quality/triage-ops](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/quality/triage-ops) project.
+We also use [GitLab Triage](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-triage) to automate
+some triaging policies. This is currently set up as a scheduled pipeline
+(`https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/quality/triage-ops/pipeline_schedules/10512/editpipeline_schedules/10512/edit`,
+must have at least developer access to the project) running on [quality/triage-ops](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/quality/triage-ops)
+project.
 
 ## Labels
 

doc/gitlab-basics/create-project.md

@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ You can improve the existing built-in templates or contribute new ones in the
 #### Custom project templates **(PREMIUM)**
 
 > [Introduced](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/issues/6860) in
-[GitLab Premium](https://about.gitlab.com/pricing) 11.2.
+[GitLab Premium](https://about.gitlab.com/pricing/) 11.2.
 
 Creating new projects based on custom project templates is a convenient option for
 quickly starting projects.

doc/gitlab-basics/start-using-git.md

@@ -13,9 +13,9 @@ make sure that you have created and/or signed into an account on GitLab.
 Depending on your operating system, you will need to use a shell of your preference.
 Here are some suggestions:
 
-- [Terminal](http://blog.teamtreehouse.com/introduction-to-the-mac-os-x-command-line) on macOS
+- [Terminal](https://blog.teamtreehouse.com/introduction-to-the-mac-os-x-command-line) on macOS
 - [GitBash](https://msysgit.github.io) on Windows
-- [Linux Terminal](http://www.howtogeek.com/140679/beginner-geek-how-to-start-using-the-linux-terminal/) on Linux
+- [Linux Terminal](https://www.howtogeek.com/140679/beginner-geek-how-to-start-using-the-linux-terminal/) on Linux
 
 ## Check if Git has already been installed
 

doc/topics/git/how_to_install_git/index.md

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ through the macOS App Store.
 
 ### Installing Homebrew
 
-Once Xcode is installed browse to the [Homebrew website](http://brew.sh/index.html)
+Once Xcode is installed browse to the [Homebrew website](https://brew.sh/index.html)
 for the official Homebrew installation instructions.
 
 ### Installing Git via Homebrew

doc/university/README.md

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ The GitLab University curriculum is composed of GitLab videos, screencasts, pres
 ### 1.1. Version Control and Git
 
 1. [Version Control Systems](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/16sX7hUrCZyOFbpvnrAFrg6tVO5_yT98IgdAqOmXwBho/edit#slide=id.g72f2e4906_2_29)
-1. [Code School: An Introduction to Git](https://www.codeschool.com/account/courses/try-git)
+1. [Katakoda: Learn Git Version Control using Interactive Browser-Based Scenarios](https://www.katacoda.com/courses/git)
 
 ### 1.2. GitLab Basics
 
@@ -34,12 +34,12 @@ The GitLab University curriculum is composed of GitLab videos, screencasts, pres
 1. [Why Use Git and GitLab - Slides](https://docs.google.com/a/gitlab.com/presentation/d/1RcZhFmn5VPvoFu6UMxhMOy7lAsToeBZRjLRn0LIdaNc/edit?usp=drive_web)
 1. [GitLab Basics - Article](../gitlab-basics/README.md)
 1. [Git and GitLab Basics - Video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=03wb9FvO4Ak&index=5&list=PLFGfElNsQthbQu_IWlNOxul0TbS_2JH-e)
-1. [Git and GitLab Basics - Online Course](https://courses.platzi.com/classes/git-gitlab/concepto/part-1/part-23370/material/)
+1. [Git and GitLab Basics - Online Course](https://courses.platzi.com/classes/57-git-gitlab/2475-part-233-2/)
 1. [Comparison of GitLab Versions](https://about.gitlab.com/features/#compare)
 
 ### 1.3. Your GitLab Account
 
-1. [Create a GitLab Account - Online Course](https://courses.platzi.com/classes/git-gitlab/concepto/first-steps/create-an-account-on-gitlab/material/)
+1. [Create a GitLab Account - Online Course](https://courses.platzi.com/classes/57-git-gitlab/2434-create-an-account-on-gitlab/)
 1. [Create and Add your SSH key to GitLab - Video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=54mxyLo3Mqk)
 
 ### 1.4. GitLab Projects
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ The GitLab University curriculum is composed of GitLab videos, screencasts, pres
 
 ### 1.6. The GitLab team
 
-1. [About GitLab](https://about.gitlab.com/about/)
+1. [About GitLab](https://about.gitlab.com/company/)
 1. [GitLab Direction](https://about.gitlab.com/direction/)
 1. [GitLab Master Plan](https://about.gitlab.com/2016/09/13/gitlab-master-plan/)
 1. [Making GitLab Great for Everyone - Video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GGC40y4vMx0) - Response to "Dear GitHub" letter
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ The GitLab University curriculum is composed of GitLab videos, screencasts, pres
 
 ### 1.7 Community and Support
 
-1. [Getting Help](https://about.gitlab.com/getting-help/)
+1. [Getting Help](https://about.gitlab.com/get-help/)
    - Proposing Features and Reporting and Tracking bugs for GitLab
    - The GitLab IRC channel, Gitter Chat Room, Community Forum and Mailing List
    - Getting Technical Support
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ The GitLab University curriculum is composed of GitLab videos, screencasts, pres
 ### 2.3. Continuous Integration
 
 1. [Operating Systems, Servers, VMs, Containers and Unix - Video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V61kL6IC-zY&index=8&list=PLFGfElNsQthbQu_IWlNOxul0TbS_2JH-e)
-1. [GitLab CI - Product Page](https://about.gitlab.com/gitlab-ci/)
+1. [GitLab CI - Product Page](https://about.gitlab.com/product/continuous-integration/)
 1. [Getting started with GitLab and GitLab CI](https://about.gitlab.com/2015/12/14/getting-started-with-gitlab-and-gitlab-ci/)
 1. [GitLab Container Registry](https://about.gitlab.com/2016/05/23/gitlab-container-registry/)
 1. [GitLab and Docker - Video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ugOrCcbdHko&index=12&list=PLFGfElNsQthbQu_IWlNOxul0TbS_2JH-e)
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ The GitLab University curriculum is composed of GitLab videos, screencasts, pres
 1. [Setting up GitLab CI for iOS projects](https://about.gitlab.com/2016/03/10/setting-up-gitlab-ci-for-ios-projects/)
 1. [IBM: Continuous Delivery vs Continuous Deployment - Video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=igwFj8PPSnw)
 1. [Amazon: Transition to Continuous Delivery - Video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=esEFaY0FDKc)
-1. [TechBeacon: Doing continuous delivery? Focus first on reducing release cycle times](https://techbeacon.com/doing-continuous-delivery-focus-first-reducing-release-cycle-times)
+1. [TechBeacon: Doing continuous delivery? Focus first on reducing release cycle times](https://techbeacon.com/devops/doing-continuous-delivery-focus-first-reducing-release-cycle-times)
 1. See **[Integrations](#39-integrations)** for integrations with other CI services.
 
 ### 2.4. Workflow
@@ -133,11 +133,11 @@ The GitLab University curriculum is composed of GitLab videos, screencasts, pres
 
 ### 2.5. GitLab Comparisons
 
-1. [GitLab Compared to Other Tools](https://about.gitlab.com/comparison/)
+1. [GitLab Compared to Other Tools](https://about.gitlab.com/devops-tools/)
 1. [Comparing GitLab Terminology](https://about.gitlab.com/2016/01/27/comparing-terms-gitlab-github-bitbucket/)
 1. [GitLab Compared to Atlassian (Recording 2016-03-03)](https://youtu.be/Nbzp1t45ERo)
-1. [GitLab Position FAQ](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/positioning-faq)
-1. [Customer review of GitLab with points on why they prefer GitLab](https://www.enovate.co.uk/web-design-blog/2015/11/25/gitlab-review/)
+1. [GitLab Position FAQ](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/positioning-faq/)
+1. [Customer review of GitLab with points on why they prefer GitLab](https://www.enovate.co.uk/blog/2015/11/25/gitlab-review)
 
 ## 3. GitLab Advanced
 
@@ -145,13 +145,13 @@ The GitLab University curriculum is composed of GitLab videos, screencasts, pres
 
 1. [Xebia Labs: Dev Ops Terminology](https://xebialabs.com/glossary/)
 1. [Xebia Labs: Periodic Table of DevOps Tools](https://xebialabs.com/periodic-table-of-devops-tools/)
-1. [Puppet Labs: State of Dev Ops 2016 - Book](https://puppet.com/resources/white-paper/2016-state-of-devops-report)
+1. [Puppet Labs: State of Dev Ops 2016 - Book](https://puppet.com/resources/whitepaper/2016-state-of-devops-report)
 
 ### 3.2. Installing GitLab with Omnibus
 
 1. [What is Omnibus - Video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XTmpKudd-Oo)
 1. [How to Install GitLab with Omnibus - Video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q69YaOjqNhg)
-1. [Installing GitLab - Online Course](https://courses.platzi.com/classes/git-gitlab/concepto/part-1/part-3/material/)
+1. [Installing GitLab - Online Course](https://courses.platzi.com/classes/57-git-gitlab/2476-part-0/)
 1. [Using a Non-Packaged PostgreSQL Database](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/omnibus-gitlab/blob/master/README.md#using-a-non-packaged-postgresql-database-management-server)
 1. [Installing GitLab on Microsoft Azure](https://about.gitlab.com/2016/07/13/how-to-setup-a-gitlab-instance-on-microsoft-azure/)
 1. [Installing GitLab on Digital Ocean](https://about.gitlab.com/2016/04/27/getting-started-with-gitlab-and-digitalocean/)
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ The GitLab University curriculum is composed of GitLab videos, screencasts, pres
 
 1. [Scalability and High Availability - Video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cXRMJJb6sp4&list=PLFGfElNsQthbQu_IWlNOxul0TbS_2JH-e&index=2)
 1. [High Availability - Video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=36KS808u6bE&index=15&list=PLFGfElNsQthbQu_IWlNOxul0TbS_2JH-e)
-1. [High Availability Documentation](https://about.gitlab.com/high-availability/)
+1. [High Availability Documentation](https://about.gitlab.com/solutions/high-availability/)
 
 ### 3.8 Cycle Analytics
 
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ NOTE: **Note:**
 Some content can only be accessed by GitLab team members.
 
 1. [Support Path](support/README.md)
-1. [Sales Path](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/sales-onboarding/)
+1. [Sales Path](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/sales/onboarding/)
 1. [User Training](training/user_training.md)
 1. [GitLab Flow Training](training/gitlab_flow.md)
 1. [Training Topics](training/index.md)

doc/university/bookclub/index.md

@@ -15,10 +15,10 @@ See the [book list](booklist.md) for additional recommendations.
 1. **Remote: Office not required**
 
    David Heinemeier Hansson and Jason Fried, 2013
-   ([amazon](http://www.amazon.co.uk/Remote-Required-David-Heinemeier-Hansson/dp/0091954673))
+   ([amazon](https://www.amazon.co.uk/Remote-Required-David-Heinemeier-Hansson/dp/0091954673))
 
 1. **The Year Without Pants**
 
-   Scott Berkun, 2013 ([ScottBerkun.com](http://scottberkun.com/yearwithoutpants/))
+   Scott Berkun, 2013 ([ScottBerkun.com](https://scottberkun.com/yearwithoutpants/))
 
 Any other books you'd like to suggest? Edit this page and add them to the queue.

doc/university/process/README.md

@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ please submit a merge request to add an upcoming class, assign to
    people, only interns, only customers, etc.).
 1. To allow people to contribute all content should be in Git.
 1. The content can go in a subdirectory under `/doc/university/`.
-1. To make, view or modify the slides of the classes use [Deckset](http://www.decksetapp.com/)
-   or [RevealJS](http://lab.hakim.se/reveal-js/). Do not use Powerpoint or Google
+1. To make, view or modify the slides of the classes use [Deckset](https://www.deckset.com)
+   or [RevealJS](https://revealjs.com/#/). Do not use Powerpoint or Google
    Slides since this prevents everyone from contributing.
 1. Please upload any video recordings to our Youtube channel. We prefer them to
    be public, if needed they can be unlisted but if so they should be linked from

doc/university/support/README.md

@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ Sometimes we need to upgrade customers from old versions of GitLab to latest, so
   - [Perform the MySQL to PostgreSQL migration to convert your backup](../../update/mysql_to_postgresql.md)
   - [Upgrade to Omnibus 7.14](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/update/README.html#upgrading-from-a-non-omnibus-installation-to-an-omnibus-installation)
   - [Restore backup using our Restore rake task](../../raketasks/backup_restore.md#restore)
-  - [Upgrade to latest EE](https://about.gitlab.com/downloads-ee)
+  - [Upgrade to latest EE](https://about.gitlab.com/update/)
     - (GitLab inc. only) Acquire and apply a license for the Enterprise Edition product, ask in #support
 - Perform a downgrade from [EE to CE](../../downgrade_ee_to_ce/README.md)
 
@@ -147,12 +147,12 @@ Some tickets need specific knowledge or a deep understanding of a particular com
 
 - Read about [Escalation](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/support/workflows/issue_escalations.html)
 - Find the macros in Zendesk for ticket escalations
-- Take a look at the [GitLab.com Team page](https://about.gitlab.com/team/) to find the resident experts in their fields
+- Take a look at the [GitLab.com Team page](https://about.gitlab.com/company/team/) to find the resident experts in their fields
 
 ### Learn about raising issues and fielding feature proposals
 
 - Understand what's in the pipeline and proposed features at GitLab: [Direction Page](https://about.gitlab.com/direction/)
-- Practice searching issues and filtering using [labels](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-foss/labels) to find existing feature proposals and bugs
+- Practice searching issues and filtering using [labels](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/labels) to find existing feature proposals and bugs
 - If raising a new issue always provide a relevant label and a link to the relevant ticket in Zendesk
 - Add [customer labels](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-foss/issues?label_name%5B%5D=customer) for those issues relevant to our subscribers
 - Take a look at the [existing issue templates](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#issue-tracker) to see what is expected

doc/university/training/end-user/README.md

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ Workshop Time!
 ### Setup
 
 - Windows: Install 'Git for Windows'
-  - <https://git-for-windows.github.io>
+  - <https://gitforwindows.org>
 - Mac: Type `git` in the Terminal application.
   - If it's not installed, it will prompt you to install it.
 - Linux
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ git push origin conflicts_branch -f
 - When to use `git merge` and when to use `git rebase`
 - Rebase when updating your branch with master
 - Merge when bringing changes from feature to master
-- Reference: <https://www.atlassian.com/git/tutorials/merging-vs-rebasing/>
+- Reference: <https://www.atlassian.com/git/tutorials/merging-vs-rebasing>
 
 ## Revert and Unstage
 

doc/university/training/topics/env_setup.md

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ comments: false
 ## Install
 
 - **Windows**
-  - Install 'Git for Windows' from <https://git-for-windows.github.io>
+  - Install 'Git for Windows' from <https://gitforwindows.org>
 
 - **Mac**
   - Type '`git`' in the Terminal application.

doc/university/training/topics/merge_conflicts.md

@@ -63,4 +63,4 @@ git push origin conflicts_branch -f
 - When to use `git merge` and when to use `git rebase`
 - Rebase when updating your branch with master
 - Merge when bringing changes from feature to master
-- Reference: <https://www.atlassian.com/git/tutorials/merging-vs-rebasing/>
+- Reference: <https://www.atlassian.com/git/tutorials/merging-vs-rebasing>

doc/university/training/user_training.md

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ Use the tools at your disposal when you get stuck.
 
 - Windows: Install 'Git for Windows'
 
-> <https://git-for-windows.github.io>
+> <https://gitforwindows.org>
 
 - Mac: Type '`git`' in the Terminal application.
 
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ See GitLab merge requests for examples: <https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-fo
 1. Create an annotated tag.
 1. Push the tags to the remote repository.
 
-Additional resources: <http://git-scm.com/book/en/Git-Basics-Tagging>.
+Additional resources: <https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Tagging>.
 
 ## Commands (tags)
 

doc/user/project/pages/custom_domains_ssl_tls_certification/dns_concepts.md

@@ -27,16 +27,16 @@ to do it for you.
 To help you out, we've gathered some instructions on how to do that
 for the most popular hosting services:
 
-- [Amazon](http://docs.aws.amazon.com/gettingstarted/latest/swh/getting-started-configure-route53.html)
+- [Amazon](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/dev/website-hosting-custom-domain-walkthrough.html)
 - [Bluehost](https://my.bluehost.com/cgi/help/559)
 - [CloudFlare](https://support.cloudflare.com/hc/en-us/articles/200169096-How-do-I-add-A-records-)
-- [cPanel](https://documentation.cpanel.net/display/ALD/Edit+DNS+Zone)
+- [cPanel](https://documentation.cpanel.net/display/84Docs/Edit+DNS+Zone)
 - [DreamHost](https://help.dreamhost.com/hc/en-us/articles/215414867-How-do-I-add-custom-DNS-records-)
 - [Go Daddy](https://www.godaddy.com/help/add-an-a-record-19238)
-- [Hostgator](http://support.hostgator.com/articles/changing-dns-records)
+- [Hostgator](https://www.hostgator.com/help/article/changing-dns-records)
 - [Inmotion hosting](https://my.bluehost.com/cgi/help/559)
 - [Media Temple](https://mediatemple.net/community/products/dv/204403794/how-can-i-change-the-dns-records-for-my-domain)
-- [Microsoft](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb727018.aspx)
+- [Microsoft](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/it-pro/windows-2000-server/bb727018(v=technet.10))
 
 If your hosting service is not listed above, you can just try to
 search the web for `how to add dns record on <my hosting service>`.

doc/user/project/pages/custom_domains_ssl_tls_certification/index.md

@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ from the GitLab project.
 > - Domain verification is **required for GitLab.com users**;
   for GitLab self-managed instances, your GitLab administrator has the option
   to [disabled custom domain verification](../../../../administration/pages/index.md#custom-domain-verification).
-> - [DNS propagation may take some time (up to 24h)](http://www.inmotionhosting.com/support/domain-names/dns-nameserver-changes/domain-names-dns-changes),
+> - [DNS propagation may take some time (up to 24h)](https://www.inmotionhosting.com/support/domain-names/dns-nameserver-changes/domain-names-dns-changes),
   although it's usually a matter of minutes to complete. Until it does, verification
   will fail and attempts to visit your domain will respond with a 404.
 > - Once your domain has been verified, leave the verification record

doc/user/project/pages/custom_domains_ssl_tls_certification/ssl_tls_concepts.md

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ security measure, necessary just for big companies, like banks and shoppings sit
 with financial transactions.
 Now we have a different picture. [According to Josh Aas](https://letsencrypt.org/2015/10/29/phishing-and-malware.html), Executive Director at [ISRG](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Security_Research_Group):
 
-> _We’ve since come to realize that HTTPS is important for almost all websites. It’s important for any website that allows people to log in with a password, any website that [tracks its users](https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-switch/wp/2013/12/10/nsa-uses-google-cookies-to-pinpoint-targets-for-hacking/) in any way, any website that [doesn’t want its content altered](http://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2014/09/why-comcasts-javascript-ad-injections-threaten-security-net-neutrality/), and for any site that offers content people might not want others to know they are consuming. We’ve also learned that any site not secured by HTTPS [can be used to attack other sites](https://krebsonsecurity.com/2015/04/dont-be-fodder-for-chinas-great-cannon/)._
+> _We’ve since come to realize that HTTPS is important for almost all websites. It’s important for any website that allows people to log in with a password, any website that [tracks its users](https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-switch/wp/2013/12/10/nsa-uses-google-cookies-to-pinpoint-targets-for-hacking/) in any way, any website that [doesn’t want its content altered](https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2014/09/why-comcasts-javascript-ad-injections-threaten-security-net-neutrality/), and for any site that offers content people might not want others to know they are consuming. We’ve also learned that any site not secured by HTTPS [can be used to attack other sites](https://krebsonsecurity.com/2015/04/dont-be-fodder-for-chinas-great-cannon/)._
 
 Therefore, the reason why certificates are so important is that they encrypt
 the connection between the **client** (you, me, your visitors)

doc/user/project/pages/getting_started_part_four.md

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ Explaining [every detail of GitLab CI/CD](../../../ci/yaml/README.md)
 and GitLab Runner is out of the scope of this guide, but we'll
 need to understand just a few things to be able to write our own
 `.gitlab-ci.yml` or tweak an existing one. It's an
-[Yaml](http://docs.ansible.com/ansible/YAMLSyntax.html) file,
+[Yaml](https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/reference_appendices/YAMLSyntax.html) file,
 with its own syntax. You can always check your CI syntax with
 the [GitLab CI Lint Tool](https://gitlab.com/ci/lint).
 
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ pages:
 The script above would be enough to build your Jekyll
 site with GitLab Pages. But, from Jekyll 3.4.0 on, its default
 template originated by `jekyll new project` requires
-[Bundler](http://bundler.io/) to install Jekyll dependencies
+[Bundler](https://bundler.io) to install Jekyll dependencies
 and the default theme. To adjust our script to meet these new
 requirements, we only need to install and build Jekyll with Bundler: