ceph: avoid iput_final() while holding mutex or in dispatch thread

iput_final() may wait for reahahead pages. The wait can cause deadlock.
For example:

  Workqueue: ceph-msgr ceph_con_workfn [libceph]
    Call Trace:
     schedule+0x36/0x80
     io_schedule+0x16/0x40
     __lock_page+0x101/0x140
     truncate_inode_pages_range+0x556/0x9f0
     truncate_inode_pages_final+0x4d/0x60
     evict+0x182/0x1a0
     iput+0x1d2/0x220
     iterate_session_caps+0x82/0x230 [ceph]
     dispatch+0x678/0xa80 [ceph]
     ceph_con_workfn+0x95b/0x1560 [libceph]
     process_one_work+0x14d/0x410
     worker_thread+0x4b/0x460
     kthread+0x105/0x140
     ret_from_fork+0x22/0x40

  Workqueue: ceph-msgr ceph_con_workfn [libceph]
    Call Trace:
     __schedule+0x3d6/0x8b0
     schedule+0x36/0x80
     schedule_preempt_disabled+0xe/0x10
     mutex_lock+0x2f/0x40
     ceph_check_caps+0x505/0xa80 [ceph]
     ceph_put_wrbuffer_cap_refs+0x1e5/0x2c0 [ceph]
     writepages_finish+0x2d3/0x410 [ceph]
     __complete_request+0x26/0x60 [libceph]
     handle_reply+0x6c8/0xa10 [libceph]
     dispatch+0x29a/0xbb0 [libceph]
     ceph_con_workfn+0x95b/0x1560 [libceph]
     process_one_work+0x14d/0x410
     worker_thread+0x4b/0x460
     kthread+0x105/0x140
     ret_from_fork+0x22/0x40

In above example, truncate_inode_pages_range() waits for readahead pages
while holding s_mutex. ceph_check_caps() waits for s_mutex and blocks
OSD dispatch thread. Later OSD replies (for readahead) can't be handled.

ceph_check_caps() also may lock snap_rwsem for read. So similar deadlock
can happen if iput_final() is called while holding snap_rwsem.

In general, it's not good to call iput_final() inside MDS/OSD dispatch
threads or while holding any mutex.

The fix is introducing ceph_async_iput(), which calls iput_final() in
workqueue.
Signed-off-by: "Yan, Zheng" <zyan@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>

fs/ceph/caps.c

@@ -2992,8 +2992,10 @@ void ceph_put_wrbuffer_cap_refs(struct ceph_inode_info *ci, int nr,
 	}
 	if (complete_capsnap)
 		wake_up_all(&ci->i_cap_wq);
-	while (put-- > 0)
-		iput(inode);
+	while (put-- > 0) {
+		/* avoid calling iput_final() in osd dispatch threads */
+		ceph_async_iput(inode);
+	}
 }
 
 /*
@@ -3964,8 +3966,9 @@ void ceph_handle_caps(struct ceph_mds_session *session,
 done:
 	mutex_unlock(&session->s_mutex);
 done_unlocked:
-	iput(inode);
 	ceph_put_string(extra_info.pool_ns);
+	/* avoid calling iput_final() in mds dispatch threads */
+	ceph_async_iput(inode);
 	return;
 
 flush_cap_releases:
@@ -4011,7 +4014,8 @@ void ceph_check_delayed_caps(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc)
 		if (inode) {
 			dout("check_delayed_caps on %p\n", inode);
 			ceph_check_caps(ci, flags, NULL);
-			iput(inode);
+			/* avoid calling iput_final() in tick thread */
+			ceph_async_iput(inode);
 		}
 	}
 	spin_unlock(&mdsc->cap_delay_lock);

fs/ceph/inode.c

@@ -1476,7 +1476,8 @@ static int readdir_prepopulate_inodes_only(struct ceph_mds_request *req,
 			pr_err("fill_inode badness on %p got %d\n", in, rc);
 			err = rc;
 		}
-		iput(in);
+		/* avoid calling iput_final() in mds dispatch threads */
+		ceph_async_iput(in);
 	}
 
 	return err;
@@ -1674,8 +1675,11 @@ int ceph_readdir_prepopulate(struct ceph_mds_request *req,
 				 &req->r_caps_reservation);
 		if (ret < 0) {
 			pr_err("fill_inode badness on %p\n", in);
-			if (d_really_is_negative(dn))
-				iput(in);
+			if (d_really_is_negative(dn)) {
+				/* avoid calling iput_final() in mds
+				 * dispatch threads */
+				ceph_async_iput(in);
+			}
 			d_drop(dn);
 			err = ret;
 			goto next_item;
@@ -1685,7 +1689,7 @@ int ceph_readdir_prepopulate(struct ceph_mds_request *req,
 			if (ceph_security_xattr_deadlock(in)) {
 				dout(" skip splicing dn %p to inode %p"
 				     " (security xattr deadlock)\n", dn, in);
-				iput(in);
+				ceph_async_iput(in);
 				skipped++;
 				goto next_item;
 			}
@@ -1736,6 +1740,25 @@ bool ceph_inode_set_size(struct inode *inode, loff_t size)
 	return ret;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Put reference to inode, but avoid calling iput_final() in current thread.
+ * iput_final() may wait for reahahead pages. The wait can cause deadlock in
+ * some contexts.
+ */
+void ceph_async_iput(struct inode *inode)
+{
+	if (!inode)
+		return;
+	for (;;) {
+		if (atomic_add_unless(&inode->i_count, -1, 1))
+			break;
+		if (queue_work(ceph_inode_to_client(inode)->inode_wq,
+			       &ceph_inode(inode)->i_work))
+			break;
+		/* queue work failed, i_count must be at least 2 */
+	}
+}
+
 /*
  * Write back inode data in a worker thread.  (This can't be done
  * in the message handler context.)

fs/ceph/mds_client.c

@@ -690,11 +690,12 @@ void ceph_mdsc_release_request(struct kref *kref)
 		ceph_msg_put(req->r_reply);
 	if (req->r_inode) {
 		ceph_put_cap_refs(ceph_inode(req->r_inode), CEPH_CAP_PIN);
-		iput(req->r_inode);
+		/* avoid calling iput_final() in mds dispatch threads */
+		ceph_async_iput(req->r_inode);
 	}
 	if (req->r_parent)
 		ceph_put_cap_refs(ceph_inode(req->r_parent), CEPH_CAP_PIN);
-	iput(req->r_target_inode);
+	ceph_async_iput(req->r_target_inode);
 	if (req->r_dentry)
 		dput(req->r_dentry);
 	if (req->r_old_dentry)
@@ -708,7 +709,7 @@ void ceph_mdsc_release_request(struct kref *kref)
 		 */
 		ceph_put_cap_refs(ceph_inode(req->r_old_dentry_dir),
 				  CEPH_CAP_PIN);
-		iput(req->r_old_dentry_dir);
+		ceph_async_iput(req->r_old_dentry_dir);
 	}
 	kfree(req->r_path1);
 	kfree(req->r_path2);
@@ -818,7 +819,8 @@ static void __unregister_request(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
 	}
 
 	if (req->r_unsafe_dir) {
-		iput(req->r_unsafe_dir);
+		/* avoid calling iput_final() in mds dispatch threads */
+		ceph_async_iput(req->r_unsafe_dir);
 		req->r_unsafe_dir = NULL;
 	}
 
@@ -983,7 +985,7 @@ static int __choose_mds(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
 		cap = rb_entry(rb_first(&ci->i_caps), struct ceph_cap, ci_node);
 	if (!cap) {
 		spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
-		iput(inode);
+		ceph_async_iput(inode);
 		goto random;
 	}
 	mds = cap->session->s_mds;
@@ -992,7 +994,9 @@ static int __choose_mds(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
 	     cap == ci->i_auth_cap ? "auth " : "", cap);
 	spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
 out:
-	iput(inode);
+	/* avoid calling iput_final() while holding mdsc->mutex or
+	 * in mds dispatch threads */
+	ceph_async_iput(inode);
 	return mds;
 
 random:
@@ -1302,7 +1306,9 @@ int ceph_iterate_session_caps(struct ceph_mds_session *session,
 		spin_unlock(&session->s_cap_lock);
 
 		if (last_inode) {
-			iput(last_inode);
+			/* avoid calling iput_final() while holding
+			 * s_mutex or in mds dispatch threads */
+			ceph_async_iput(last_inode);
 			last_inode = NULL;
 		}
 		if (old_cap) {
@@ -1335,7 +1341,7 @@ int ceph_iterate_session_caps(struct ceph_mds_session *session,
 	session->s_cap_iterator = NULL;
 	spin_unlock(&session->s_cap_lock);
 
-	iput(last_inode);
+	ceph_async_iput(last_inode);
 	if (old_cap)
 		ceph_put_cap(session->s_mdsc, old_cap);
 
@@ -1471,7 +1477,8 @@ static void remove_session_caps(struct ceph_mds_session *session)
 			spin_unlock(&session->s_cap_lock);
 
 			inode = ceph_find_inode(sb, vino);
-			iput(inode);
+			 /* avoid calling iput_final() while holding s_mutex */
+			ceph_async_iput(inode);
 
 			spin_lock(&session->s_cap_lock);
 		}
@@ -3912,8 +3919,9 @@ static void handle_lease(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
 	ceph_con_send(&session->s_con, msg);
 
 out:
-	iput(inode);
 	mutex_unlock(&session->s_mutex);
+	/* avoid calling iput_final() in mds dispatch threads */
+	ceph_async_iput(inode);
 	return;
 
 bad:

fs/ceph/quota.c

@@ -74,7 +74,8 @@ void ceph_handle_quota(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
 		            le64_to_cpu(h->max_files));
 	spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
 
-	iput(inode);
+	/* avoid calling iput_final() in dispatch thread */
+	ceph_async_iput(inode);
 }
 
 static struct ceph_quotarealm_inode *
@@ -235,7 +236,8 @@ static struct ceph_snap_realm *get_quota_realm(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
 
 		ci = ceph_inode(in);
 		has_quota = __ceph_has_any_quota(ci);
-		iput(in);
+		/* avoid calling iput_final() while holding mdsc->snap_rwsem */
+		ceph_async_iput(in);
 
 		next = realm->parent;
 		if (has_quota || !next)
@@ -372,7 +374,8 @@ static bool check_quota_exceeded(struct inode *inode, enum quota_check_op op,
 			pr_warn("Invalid quota check op (%d)\n", op);
 			exceeded = true; /* Just break the loop */
 		}
-		iput(in);
+		/* avoid calling iput_final() while holding mdsc->snap_rwsem */
+		ceph_async_iput(in);
 
 		next = realm->parent;
 		if (exceeded || !next)

fs/ceph/snap.c

@@ -648,13 +648,15 @@ static void queue_realm_cap_snaps(struct ceph_snap_realm *realm)
 		if (!inode)
 			continue;
 		spin_unlock(&realm->inodes_with_caps_lock);
-		iput(lastinode);
+		/* avoid calling iput_final() while holding
+		 * mdsc->snap_rwsem or in mds dispatch threads */
+		ceph_async_iput(lastinode);
 		lastinode = inode;
 		ceph_queue_cap_snap(ci);
 		spin_lock(&realm->inodes_with_caps_lock);
 	}
 	spin_unlock(&realm->inodes_with_caps_lock);
-	iput(lastinode);
+	ceph_async_iput(lastinode);
 
 	dout("queue_realm_cap_snaps %p %llx done\n", realm, realm->ino);
 }
@@ -806,7 +808,9 @@ static void flush_snaps(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc)
 		ihold(inode);
 		spin_unlock(&mdsc->snap_flush_lock);
 		ceph_flush_snaps(ci, &session);
-		iput(inode);
+		/* avoid calling iput_final() while holding
+		 * session->s_mutex or in mds dispatch threads */
+		ceph_async_iput(inode);
 		spin_lock(&mdsc->snap_flush_lock);
 	}
 	spin_unlock(&mdsc->snap_flush_lock);
@@ -950,12 +954,14 @@ void ceph_handle_snap(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
 			ceph_get_snap_realm(mdsc, realm);
 			ceph_put_snap_realm(mdsc, oldrealm);
 
-			iput(inode);
+			/* avoid calling iput_final() while holding
+			 * mdsc->snap_rwsem or mds in dispatch threads */
+			ceph_async_iput(inode);
 			continue;
 
 skip_inode:
 			spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);
-			iput(inode);
+			ceph_async_iput(inode);
 		}
 
 		/* we may have taken some of the old realm's children. */

fs/ceph/super.h

@@ -899,9 +899,9 @@ extern int ceph_inode_holds_cap(struct inode *inode, int mask);
 extern bool ceph_inode_set_size(struct inode *inode, loff_t size);
 extern void __ceph_do_pending_vmtruncate(struct inode *inode);
 extern void ceph_queue_vmtruncate(struct inode *inode);
-
 extern void ceph_queue_invalidate(struct inode *inode);
 extern void ceph_queue_writeback(struct inode *inode);
+extern void ceph_async_iput(struct inode *inode);
 
 extern int __ceph_do_getattr(struct inode *inode, struct page *locked_page,
 			     int mask, bool force);