netem: add cell concept to simulate special MAC behavior

This extension can be used to simulate special link layer
characteristics. Simulate because packet data is not modified, only the
calculation base is changed to delay a packet based on the original
packet size and artificial cell information.

packet_overhead can be used to simulate a link layer header compression
scheme (e.g. set packet_overhead to -20) or with a positive
packet_overhead value an additional MAC header can be simulated. It is
also possible to "replace" the 14 byte Ethernet header with something
else.

cell_size and cell_overhead can be used to simulate link layer schemes,
based on cells, like some TDMA schemes. Another application area are MAC
schemes using a link layer fragmentation with a (small) header each.
Cell size is the maximum amount of data bytes within one cell. Cell
overhead is an additional variable to change the per-cell-overhead
(e.g.  5 byte header per fragment).

Example (5 kbit/s, 20 byte per packet overhead, cell-size 100 byte, per
cell overhead 5 byte):

  tc qdisc add dev eth0 root netem rate 5kbit 20 100 5
Signed-off-by: Hagen Paul Pfeifer <hagen@jauu.net>
Signed-off-by: Florian Westphal <fw@strlen.de>
Acked-by: Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@vyatta.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

include/linux/pkt_sched.h

@@ -502,6 +502,9 @@ struct tc_netem_corrupt {
 
 struct tc_netem_rate {
 	__u32	rate;	/* byte/s */
+	__s32	packet_overhead;
+	__u32	cell_size;
+	__s32	cell_overhead;
 };
 
 enum {

net/sched/sch_netem.c

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 #include <linux/skbuff.h>
 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
 #include <linux/rtnetlink.h>
+#include <linux/reciprocal_div.h>
 
 #include <net/netlink.h>
 #include <net/pkt_sched.h>
@@ -80,6 +81,10 @@ struct netem_sched_data {
 	u32 reorder;
 	u32 corrupt;
 	u32 rate;
+	s32 packet_overhead;
+	u32 cell_size;
+	u32 cell_size_reciprocal;
+	s32 cell_overhead;
 
 	struct crndstate {
 		u32 last;
@@ -299,11 +304,23 @@ static psched_tdiff_t tabledist(psched_tdiff_t mu, psched_tdiff_t sigma,
 	return  x / NETEM_DIST_SCALE + (sigma / NETEM_DIST_SCALE) * t + mu;
 }
 
-static psched_time_t packet_len_2_sched_time(unsigned int len, u32 rate)
+static psched_time_t packet_len_2_sched_time(unsigned int len, struct netem_sched_data *q)
 {
-	u64 ticks = (u64)len * NSEC_PER_SEC;
+	u64 ticks;
 
-	do_div(ticks, rate);
+	len += q->packet_overhead;
+
+	if (q->cell_size) {
+		u32 cells = reciprocal_divide(len, q->cell_size_reciprocal);
+
+		if (len > cells * q->cell_size)	/* extra cell needed for remainder */
+			cells++;
+		len = cells * (q->cell_size + q->cell_overhead);
+	}
+
+	ticks = (u64)len * NSEC_PER_SEC;
+
+	do_div(ticks, q->rate);
 	return PSCHED_NS2TICKS(ticks);
 }
 
@@ -384,7 +401,7 @@ static int netem_enqueue(struct sk_buff *skb, struct Qdisc *sch)
 		if (q->rate) {
 			struct sk_buff_head *list = &q->qdisc->q;
 
-			delay += packet_len_2_sched_time(skb->len, q->rate);
+			delay += packet_len_2_sched_time(skb->len, q);
 
 			if (!skb_queue_empty(list)) {
 				/*
@@ -568,6 +585,11 @@ static void get_rate(struct Qdisc *sch, const struct nlattr *attr)
 	const struct tc_netem_rate *r = nla_data(attr);
 
 	q->rate = r->rate;
+	q->packet_overhead = r->packet_overhead;
+	q->cell_size = r->cell_size;
+	if (q->cell_size)
+		q->cell_size_reciprocal = reciprocal_value(q->cell_size);
+	q->cell_overhead = r->cell_overhead;
 }
 
 static int get_loss_clg(struct Qdisc *sch, const struct nlattr *attr)
@@ -909,6 +931,9 @@ static int netem_dump(struct Qdisc *sch, struct sk_buff *skb)
 	NLA_PUT(skb, TCA_NETEM_CORRUPT, sizeof(corrupt), &corrupt);
 
 	rate.rate = q->rate;
+	rate.packet_overhead = q->packet_overhead;
+	rate.cell_size = q->cell_size;
+	rate.cell_overhead = q->cell_overhead;
 	NLA_PUT(skb, TCA_NETEM_RATE, sizeof(rate), &rate);
 
 	if (dump_loss_model(q, skb) != 0)