- 13 Nov, 2019 22 commits
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Gustavo L. F. Walbon authored
The issue was showing "Mitigation" message via sysfs whatever the state of "RFI Flush", but it should show "Vulnerable" when it is disabled. If you have "L1D private" feature enabled and not "RFI Flush" you are vulnerable to meltdown attacks. "RFI Flush" is the key feature to mitigate the meltdown whatever the "L1D private" state. SEC_FTR_L1D_THREAD_PRIV is a feature for Power9 only. So the message should be as the truth table shows: CPU | L1D private | RFI Flush | sysfs ----|-------------|-----------|------------------------------------- P9 | False | False | Vulnerable P9 | False | True | Mitigation: RFI Flush P9 | True | False | Vulnerable: L1D private per thread P9 | True | True | Mitigation: RFI Flush, L1D private per thread P8 | False | False | Vulnerable P8 | False | True | Mitigation: RFI Flush Output before this fix: # cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/vulnerabilities/meltdown Mitigation: RFI Flush, L1D private per thread # echo 0 > /sys/kernel/debug/powerpc/rfi_flush # cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/vulnerabilities/meltdown Mitigation: L1D private per thread Output after fix: # cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/vulnerabilities/meltdown Mitigation: RFI Flush, L1D private per thread # echo 0 > /sys/kernel/debug/powerpc/rfi_flush # cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/vulnerabilities/meltdown Vulnerable: L1D private per thread Signed-off-by:
Gustavo L. F. Walbon <gwalbon@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by:
Mauro S. M. Rodrigues <maurosr@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by:
Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20190502210907.42375-1-gwalbon@linux.ibm.com
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Chris Smart authored
The stress test for vpmsum implementations executes a long for loop in the kernel. This blocks the scheduler, which prevents other tasks from running, resulting in a warning. This fix adds a call to cond_reshed() at the end of each loop, which allows the scheduler to run other tasks as required. Signed-off-by:
Chris Smart <chris.smart@humanservices.gov.au> Signed-off-by:
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David Hildenbrand authored
Let's allow to test the implementation without needing HW support. When "simulate=1" is specified when loading the module, we bypass all HW checks and HW calls. The sysfs file "simulate_loan_target_kb" can be used to simulate HW requests. The simualtion mode can be activated using: modprobe cmm debug=1 simulate=1 And the requested loan target can be changed using: echo X > /sys/devices/system/cmm/cmm0/simulate_loan_target_kb Signed-off-by:
David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Signed-off-by:
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David Hildenbrand authored
balloon_page_alloc() will use GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE in case we have CONFIG_BALLOON_COMPACTION. This is now possible, as balloon pages are movable with CONFIG_BALLOON_COMPACTION. Without CONFIG_BALLOON_COMPACTION, GFP_HIGHUSER is used. Note that apart from that, balloon_page_alloc() uses the following flags: __GFP_NOMEMALLOC | __GFP_NORETRY | __GFP_NOWARN And current code used: GFP_NOIO | __GFP_NOWARN | __GFP_NORETRY | __GFP_NOMEMALLOC GFP_HIGHUSER/GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE include __GFP_RECLAIM | __GFP_IO | __GFP_FS | __GFP_HARDWALL | __GFP_HIGHMEM GFP_NOIO is __GFP_RECLAIM. With CONFIG_BALLOON_COMPACTION, we essentially add: __GFP_IO | __GFP_FS | __GFP_HARDWALL | __GFP_HIGHMEM | __GFP_MOVABLE Without CONFIG_BALLOON_COMPACTION, we essentially add: __GFP_IO | __GFP_FS | __GFP_HARDWALL | __GFP_HIGHMEM I assume this is fine, as this is what all other balloon compaction users use. If it turns out to be a problem, we could add __GFP_MOVABLE manually if we have CONFIG_BALLOON_COMPACTION. Signed-off-by: -
David Hildenbrand authored
We can now get rid of the cmm_lock and completely rely on the balloon compaction internals, which now also manage the page list and the lock. Inflated/"loaned" pages are now movable. Memory blocks that contain such pages can get offlined. Also, all such pages will be marked PageOffline() and can therefore be excluded in memory dumps using recent versions of makedumpfile. Don't switch to balloon_page_alloc() yet (due to the GFP_NOIO). Will do that separately to discuss this change in detail. Signed-off-by:
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David Hildenbrand authored
When switching to balloon compaction, we want to drop the cmm_lock and completely rely on the balloon compaction list lock internally. loaned_pages is currently protected under the cmm_lock. Note: Right now cmm_alloc_pages() and cmm_free_pages() can be called at the same time, e.g., via the thread and a concurrent OOM notifier. Signed-off-by:
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David Hildenbrand authored
The memory isolate notifier was added to allow to offline memory blocks that contain inflated/"loaned" pages. We can achieve the same using the balloon compaction framework. Get rid of the memory isolate notifier. Also, we can get rid of cmm_mem_going_offline(), as we will never reach that code path now when we have allocated memory in the balloon (allocated pages are unmovable and will no longer be special-cased using the memory isolation notifier). Leave the memory notifier in place, so we can still back off in case memory gets offlined. Signed-off-by:
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David Hildenbrand authored
adjust_managed_page_count() performs a totalram_pages_add(), but also adjusts the managed pages of the zone. Let's use that instead, similar to virtio-balloon. Use it before freeing a page. Signed-off-by:
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David Hildenbrand authored
We can simply store the pages in a list (page->lru), no need for a separate data structure (+ complicated handling). This is how most other balloon drivers store allocated pages without additional tracking data. For the notifiers, use page_to_pfn() to check if a page is in the applicable range. Use page_to_phys() in plpar_page_set_loaned() and plpar_page_set_active() (I assume due to the __pa() that's the right thing to do). Signed-off-by:
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David Hildenbrand authored
No need to initialize rc. Also, let's return 0 directly when succeeding. Signed-off-by:
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David Hildenbrand authored
If we don't set the rc, we will return "0", making it look like we succeeded. Signed-off-by:
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David Hildenbrand authored
When unloading the module, one gets ------------[ cut here ]------------ Device 'cmm0' does not have a release() function, it is broken and must be fixed. See Documentation/kobject.txt. WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 19308 at drivers/base/core.c:1244 .device_release+0xcc/0xf0 ... We only have one static fake device. There is nothing to do when releasing the device (via cmm_exit()). Signed-off-by:
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Tyrel Datwyler authored
Advertise client support for the PAPR architected ibm,drc-info device tree property during CAS handshake. Fixes: c7a3275e ("powerpc/pseries: Revert support for ibm,drc-info devtree property") Signed-off-by:
Tyrel Datwyler <tyreld@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by:
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Tyrel Datwyler authored
The newer ibm,drc-info property is a condensed description of the old ibm,drc-* properties (ie. names, types, indexes, and power-domains). When matching a drc-index to a drc-name we need to verify that the index is within the start and last drc-index range and map it to a drc-name using the drc-name-prefix and logical index. Fix the mapping by checking that the index is within the range of the current drc-info entry, and build the name from the drc-name-prefix concatenated with the starting drc-name-suffix value and the sequential index obtained by subtracting ibm,my-drc-index from this entries drc-start-index. Signed-off-by:
Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com> Signed-off-by:
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Tyrel Datwyler authored
The device tree is in big endian format and any properties directly retrieved using OF helpers that don't explicitly byte swap should be annotated. In particular there are several places where we grab the opaque property value for the old ibm,drc-* properties and the ibm,my-drc-index property. Fix this for better static checking by annotating values we know to explicitly big endian, and byte swap where appropriate. Signed-off-by:
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Tyrel Datwyler authored
Split physical PCI slot registration scanning into separate routines that support the old ibm,drc-* properties and one that supports the new compressed ibm,drc-info property. Signed-off-by:
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Tyrel Datwyler authored
In the event that the partition is migrated to a platform with older firmware that doesn't support the ibm,drc-info property the device tree is modified to remove the ibm,drc-info property and replace it with the older style ibm,drc-* properties for types, names, indexes, and power-domains. One of the requirements of the drc-info firmware feature is that the client is able to handle both the new property, and old style properties at runtime. Therefore we can't rely on the firmware feature alone to dictate which property is currently present in the device tree. Fix this short coming by checking explicitly for the ibm,drc-info property, and falling back to the older ibm,drc-* properties if it doesn't exist. Signed-off-by:
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Tyrel Datwyler authored
The first entry of the ibm,drc-info property is an int encoded count of the number of drc-info entries that follow. The "value" pointer returned by of_prop_next_u32() is still pointing at the this value when we call of_read_drc_info_cell(), but the helper function expects that value to be pointing at the first element of an entry. Fix up by incrementing the "value" pointer to point at the first element of the first drc-info entry prior. Signed-off-by:
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Tyrel Datwyler authored
Older firmwares provided information about Dynamic Reconfig Connectors (DRC) through several device tree properties, namely ibm,drc-types, ibm,drc-indexes, ibm,drc-names, and ibm,drc-power-domains. New firmwares have the ability to present this same information in a much condensed format through a device tree property called ibm,drc-info. The existing cpu DLPAR hotplug code only understands the older DRC property format when validating the drc-index of a cpu during a hotplug add. This updates those code paths to use the ibm,drc-info property, when present, instead for validation. Signed-off-by:
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Tyrel Datwyler authored
There are a couple subtle errors in the mapping between cpu-ids and a cpus associated drc-index when using the new ibm,drc-info property. The first is that while drc-info may have been a supported firmware feature at boot it is possible we have migrated to a CEC with older firmware that doesn't support the ibm,drc-info property. In that case the device tree would have been updated after migration to remove the ibm,drc-info property and replace it with the older style ibm,drc-* properties for types, indexes, names, and power-domains. PAPR even goes as far as dictating that if we advertise support for drc-info that we are capable of supporting either property type at runtime. The second is that the first value of the ibm,drc-info property is the int encoded count of drc-info entries. As such "value" returned by of_prop_next_u32() is pointing at that count, and not the first element of the first drc-info entry as is expected by the of_read_drc_info_cell() helper. Fix the first by ignoring DRC-INFO firmware feature and instead testing directly for ibm,drc-info, and then falling back to the old style ibm,drc-indexes in the case it doesn't exit. Fix the second by incrementing value to the next element prior to parsing drc-info entries. Signed-off-by:
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Tyrel Datwyler authored
The ibm,drc-info property is an array property that contains drc-info entries such that each entry is made up of 2 string encoded elements followed by 5 int encoded elements. The of_read_drc_info_cell() helper contains comments that correctly name the expected elements and their encoding. However, the usage of of_prop_next_string() and of_prop_next_u32() introduced a subtle skippage of the first u32. This is a result of of_prop_next_string() returning a pointer to the next property value which is not a string, but actually a (__be32 *). As, a result the following call to of_prop_next_u32() passes over the current int encoded value and actually stores the next one wrongly. Simply endian swap the current value in place after reading the first two string values. The remaining int encoded values can then be read correctly using of_prop_next_u32(). Signed-off-by:
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Michael Ellerman authored
Merge the secureboot support, as well as the IMA changes needed to support it. From Nayna's cover letter: In order to verify the OS kernel on PowerNV systems, secure boot requires X.509 certificates trusted by the platform. These are stored in secure variables controlled by OPAL, called OPAL secure variables. In order to enable users to manage the keys, the secure variables need to be exposed to userspace. OPAL provides the runtime services for the kernel to be able to access the secure variables. This patchset defines the kernel interface for the OPAL APIs. These APIs are used by the hooks, which load these variables to the keyring and expose them to the userspace for reading/writing. Overall, this patchset adds the following support: * expose secure variables to the kernel via OPAL Runtime API interface * expose secure variables to the userspace via kernel sysfs interface * load kernel verification and revocation keys to .platform and .blacklist keyring respectively. The secure variables can be read/written using simple linux utilities cat/hexdump. For example: Path to the secure variables is: /sys/firmware/secvar/vars Each secure variable is listed as directory. $ ls -l total 0 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 0 Aug 20 21:20 db drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 0 Aug 20 21:20 KEK drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 0 Aug 20 21:20 PK The attributes of each of the secure variables are (for example: PK): $ ls -l total 0 -r--r--r--. 1 root root 4096 Oct 1 15:10 data -r--r--r--. 1 root root 65536 Oct 1 15:10 size --w-------. 1 root root 4096 Oct 1 15:12 update The "data" is used to read the existing variable value using hexdump. The data is stored in ESL format. The "update" is used to write a new value using cat. The update is to be submitted as AUTH file.
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- 12 Nov, 2019 15 commits
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Nayna Jain authored
The keys used to verify the Host OS kernel are managed by firmware as secure variables. This patch loads the verification keys into the .platform keyring and revocation hashes into .blacklist keyring. This enables verification and loading of the kernels signed by the boot time keys which are trusted by firmware. Signed-off-by:
Nayna Jain <nayna@linux.ibm.com> Reviewed-by:
Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by:
Eric Richter <erichte@linux.ibm.com> [mpe: Search by compatible in load_powerpc_certs(), not using format] Signed-off-by:
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Nayna Jain authored
The handlers to add the keys to the .platform keyring and blacklisted hashes to the .blacklist keyring is common for both the uefi and powerpc mechanisms of loading the keys/hashes from the firmware. This patch moves the common code from load_uefi.c to keyring_handler.c Signed-off-by:
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Nayna Jain authored
PowerNV secure variables, which store the keys used for OS kernel verification, are managed by the firmware. These secure variables need to be accessed by the userspace for addition/deletion of the certificates. This patch adds the sysfs interface to expose secure variables for PowerNV secureboot. The users shall use this interface for manipulating the keys stored in the secure variables. Signed-off-by:
Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Signed-off-by:
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Nayna Jain authored
The X.509 certificates trusted by the platform and required to secure boot the OS kernel are wrapped in secure variables, which are controlled by OPAL. This patch adds firmware/kernel interface to read and write OPAL secure variables based on the unique key. This support can be enabled using CONFIG_OPAL_SECVAR. Signed-off-by:
Claudio Carvalho <cclaudio@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by:
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Nayna Jain authored
This patch fixes the size and write parameter for the macro __BIN_ATTR_WO(). Fixes: 7f905761 ("sysfs: add BIN_ATTR_WO() macro") Signed-off-by:
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Michael Ellerman authored
From Nayna's cover letter: The IMA subsystem supports custom, built-in, arch-specific policies to define the files to be measured and appraised. These policies are honored based on priority, where arch-specific policy is the highest and custom is the lowest. PowerNV systems use a Linux-based bootloader to kexec the OS. The bootloader kernel relies on IMA for signature verification of the OS kernel before doing the kexec. This patchset adds support for powerpc arch-specific IMA policies that are conditionally defined based on a system's secure boot and trusted boot states. The OS secure boot and trusted boot states are determined via device-tree properties. The verification needs to be performed only for binaries that are not blacklisted. The kernel currently only checks against the blacklist of keys. However, doing so results in blacklisting all the binaries that are signed by the same key. In order to prevent just one particular binary from being loaded, it must be checked against a blacklist of binary hashes. This patchset also adds support to IMA for checking against a hash blacklist for files. signed by appended signature.
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Mimi Zohar authored
The arch specific kernel module policy rule requires kernel modules to be signed, either as an IMA signature, stored as an xattr, or as an appended signature. As a result, kernel modules appended signatures could be enforced without "sig_enforce" being set or reflected in /sys/module/module/parameters/sig_enforce. This patch sets "sig_enforce". Signed-off-by:
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Nayna Jain authored
This patch updates the arch-specific policies for PowerNV system to make sure that the binary hash is not blacklisted. Signed-off-by:
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Nayna Jain authored
Asymmetric private keys are used to sign multiple files. The kernel currently supports checking against blacklisted keys. However, if the public key is blacklisted, any file signed by the blacklisted key will automatically fail signature verification. Blacklisting the public key is not fine enough granularity, as we might want to only blacklist a particular file. This patch adds support for checking against the blacklisted hash of the file, without the appended signature, based on the IMA policy. It defines a new policy option "appraise_flag=check_blacklist". In addition to the blacklisted binary hashes stored in the firmware "dbx" variable, the Linux kernel may be configured to load blacklisted binary hashes onto the .blacklist keyring as well. The following example shows how to blacklist a specific kernel module hash. $ sha256sum kernel/kheaders.ko 77fa889b35a05338ec52e51591c1b89d4c8d1c99a21251d7c22b1a8642a6bad3 kernel/kheaders.ko $ grep BLACKLIST .config CONFIG_SYSTEM_BLACKLIST_KEYRING=y CONFIG_SYSTEM_BLACKLIST_HASH_LIST="blacklist-hash-list" $ cat certs/blacklist-hash-list "bin:77fa889b35a05338ec52e51591c1b89d4c8d1c99a21251d7c22b1a8642a6bad3" Update the IMA custom measurement and appraisal policy rules (/etc/ima-policy): measure func=MODULE_CHECK template=ima-modsig appraise func=MODULE_CHECK appraise_flag=check_blacklist appraise_type=imasig|modsig After building, installing, and rebooting the kernel: 545660333 ---lswrv 0 0 \_ blacklist: bin:77fa889b35a05338ec52e51591c1b89d4c8d1c99a21251d7c22b1a8642a6bad3 measure func=MODULE_CHECK template=ima-modsig appraise func=MODULE_CHECK appraise_flag=check_blacklist appraise_type=imasig|modsig modprobe: ERROR: could not insert 'kheaders': Permission denied 10 0c9834db5a0182c1fb0cdc5d3adcf11a11fd83dd ima-sig sha256:3bc6ed4f0b4d6e31bc1dbc9ef844605abc7afdc6d81a57d77a1ec9407997c40 2 /usr/lib/modules/5.4.0-rc3+/kernel/kernel/kheaders.ko 10 82aad2bcc3fa8ed94762356b5c14838f3bcfa6a0 ima-modsig sha256:3bc6ed4f0b4d6e31bc1dbc9ef844605abc7afdc6d81a57d77a1ec9407997c40 2 /usr/lib/modules/5.4.0rc3+/kernel/kernel/kheaders.ko sha256:77fa889b3 5a05338ec52e51591c1b89d4c8d1c99a21251d7c22b1a8642a6bad3 3082029a06092a864886f70d010702a082028b30820287020101310d300b0609608648 016503040201300b06092a864886f70d01070131820264.... 10 25b72217cc1152b44b134ce2cd68f12dfb71acb3 ima-buf sha256:8b58427fedcf8f4b20bc8dc007f2e232bf7285d7b93a66476321f9c2a3aa132 b blacklisted-hash 77fa889b35a05338ec52e51591c1b89d4c8d1c99a21251d7c22b1a8642a6bad3 Signed-off-by:
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Nayna Jain authored
The -EKEYREJECTED error returned by existing is_hash_blacklisted() is misleading when called for checking against blacklisted hash of a binary. This patch adds a wrapper function is_binary_blacklisted() to return -EPERM error if binary is blacklisted. Signed-off-by:
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Nayna Jain authored
process_buffer_measurement() is limited to measuring the kexec boot command line. This patch makes process_buffer_measurement() more generic, allowing it to measure other types of buffer data (e.g. blacklisted binary hashes or key hashes). process_buffer_measurement() may be called directly from an IMA hook or as an auxiliary measurement record. In both cases the buffer measurement is based on policy. This patch modifies the function to conditionally retrieve the policy defined PCR and template for the IMA hook case. Signed-off-by:
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Nayna Jain authored
This patch defines an arch-specific trusted boot only policy and a combined secure and trusted boot policy. Signed-off-by:
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Nayna Jain authored
While secure boot permits only properly verified signed kernels to be booted, trusted boot calculates the file hash of the kernel image and stores the measurement prior to boot, that can be subsequently compared against good known values via attestation services. This patch reads the trusted boot state of a PowerNV system. The state is used to conditionally enable additional measurement rules in the IMA arch-specific policies. Signed-off-by:
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Nayna Jain authored
PowerNV systems use a Linux-based bootloader, which rely on the IMA subsystem to enforce different secure boot modes. Since the verification policy may differ based on the secure boot mode of the system, the policies must be defined at runtime. This patch implements arch-specific support to define IMA policy rules based on the runtime secure boot mode of the system. This patch provides arch-specific IMA policies if PPC_SECURE_BOOT config is enabled. Signed-off-by:
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Nayna Jain authored
This patch defines a function to detect the secure boot state of a PowerNV system. The PPC_SECURE_BOOT config represents the base enablement of secure boot for powerpc. Signed-off-by:
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- 07 Nov, 2019 3 commits
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Alastair D'Silva authored
This operation takes a significant amount of time when hotplugging large amounts of memory (~50 seconds with 890GB of persistent memory). This was orignally in commit fb5924fd ("powerpc/mm: Flush cache on memory hot(un)plug") to support memtrace, but the flush on add is not needed as it is flushed on remove. Signed-off-by:
Alastair D'Silva <alastair@d-silva.org> Signed-off-by:
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Alastair D'Silva authored
When presented with large amounts of memory being hotplugged (in my test case, ~890GB), the call to flush_dcache_range takes a while (~50 seconds), triggering RCU stalls. This patch breaks up the call into 1GB chunks, calling cond_resched() inbetween to allow the scheduler to run. Fixes: fb5924fd ("powerpc/mm: Flush cache on memory hot(un)plug") Signed-off-by:
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Alastair D'Silva authored
Similar to commit 22e9c88d ("powerpc/64: reuse PPC32 static inline flush_dcache_range()") this patch converts the following ASM symbols to C: flush_icache_range() __flush_dcache_icache() __flush_dcache_icache_phys() This was done as we discovered a long-standing bug where the length of the range was truncated due to using a 32 bit shift instead of a 64 bit one. By converting these functions to C, it becomes easier to maintain. flush_dcache_icache_phys() retains a critical assembler section as we must ensure there are no memory accesses while the data MMU is disabled (authored by Christophe Leroy). Since this has no external callers, it has also been made static, allowing the compiler to inline it within flush_dcache_icache_page(). Signed-off-by:
Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@c-s.fr> Signed-off-by:
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