There is a extra null character('\0') at the top of module->strtab for
each module. Commit 59ef28b1 introduced this bug and this patch fixes it.

Live dump log of the current linus git kernel(HEAD is 2844a487):
============================================================================
crash> mod | grep loop
ffffffffa01db0a0  loop             16689  (not loaded)  [CONFIG_KALLSYMS]
crash> module.core_symtab ffffffffa01db0a0
  core_symtab = 0xffffffffa01db320crash> rd 0xffffffffa01db320 12
ffffffffa01db320:  0000005500000001 0000000000000000   ....U...........
ffffffffa01db330:  0000000000000000 0002007400000002   ............t...
ffffffffa01db340:  ffffffffa01d8000 0000000000000038   ........8.......
ffffffffa01db350:  001a00640000000e ffffffffa01daeb0   ....d...........
ffffffffa01db360:  00000000000000a0 0002007400000019   ............t...
ffffffffa01db370:  ffffffffa01d8068 000000000000001b   h...............
crash> module.core_strtab ffffffffa01db0a0
  core_strtab = 0xffffffffa01dbb30 ""
crash> rd 0xffffffffa01dbb30 4
ffffffffa01dbb30:  615f70616d6b0000 66780063696d6f74   ..kmap_atomic.xf
ffffffffa01dbb40:  73636e75665f7265 72665f646e696600   er_funcs.find_fr
============================================================================

We expect Just first one byte of '\0', but actually first two bytes
are '\0'. Here is The relationship between symtab and strtab.

	symtab_idx	strtab_idx	symbol
	-----------------------------------------------
	0		0x1		"\0" # startab_idx should be 0
	1		0x2		"kmap_atomic"
	2		0xe		"xfer_funcs"
	3		0x19		"find_fr..."

By applying this patch, it becomes as follows.

	symtab_idx	strtab_idx	symbol
	-----------------------------------------------
	0		0x0		"\0"	# extra byte is removed
	1		0x1		"kmap_atomic"
	2		0xd		"xfer_funcs"
	3		0x18		"find_fr..."
Signed-off-by: Satoru Takeuchi <takeuchi_satoru@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Masaki Kimura <masaki.kimura.kz@hitachi.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>

Use the ASN1_LONG_TAG and ASN1_INDEFINITE_LENGTH constants in the ASN.1
general decoder instead of the equivalent numbers.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>

Define a constant to hold the marker value seen in an indefinite-length
element.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>

Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>

Jan Beulich points out __COUNTER__ (gcc 4.3 and above), so let's use
that to create unique ids.  This is better than __LINE__ which we use
today, so provide a wrapper.

Stanislaw Gruszka <sgruszka@redhat.com> reported that some module parameters
start with a digit, so we need to prepend when we for the unique id.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Acked-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@suse.com>

If CONFIG_MODULE_SIG is set, and 'make modules_sign' is called then this
patch will cause the modules to get a signature appended.  The make target
is intended to be run after 'make modules_install', and will modify the
modules in-place in the installed location.  It can be used to produce
signed modules after they have been processed by distribution build
scripts.
Signed-off-by: Josh Boyer <jwboyer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> (minor typo fix)

(This is just for Acks: this won't work without the actual syscall patches,
 sitting in my tree for -next at the moment).
Acked-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>

With the addition of the new kernel module syscall, which defines two
arguments - a file descriptor to the kernel module and a pointer to a NULL
terminated string of module arguments - it is now possible to measure and
appraise kernel modules like any other file on the file system.

This patch adds support to measure and appraise kernel modules in an
extensible and consistent manner.

To support filesystems without extended attribute support, additional
patches could pass the signature as the first parameter.
Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>

This adds the finit_module syscall to the generic syscall list.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>

Add finit_module syscall to the ARM syscall list.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Russell King <rmk@arm.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>

Now that kernel module origins can be reasoned about, provide a hook to
the LSMs to make policy decisions about the module file. This will let
Chrome OS enforce that loadable kernel modules can only come from its
read-only hash-verified root filesystem. Other LSMs can, for example,
read extended attributes for signatures, etc.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Acked-by: Serge E. Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com>
Acked-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@us.ibm.com>
Acked-by: James Morris <james.l.morris@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>

Thanks to Michael Kerrisk for keeping us honest.  These flags are actually
useful for eliminating the only case where kmod has to mangle a module's
internals: for overriding module versioning.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Acked-by: Lucas De Marchi <lucas.demarchi@profusion.mobi>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>

As part of the effort to create a stronger boundary between root and
kernel, Chrome OS wants to be able to enforce that kernel modules are
being loaded only from our read-only crypto-hash verified (dm_verity)
root filesystem. Since the init_module syscall hands the kernel a module
as a memory blob, no reasoning about the origin of the blob can be made.

Earlier proposals for appending signatures to kernel modules would not be
useful in Chrome OS, since it would involve adding an additional set of
keys to our kernel and builds for no good reason: we already trust the
contents of our root filesystem. We don't need to verify those kernel
modules a second time. Having to do signature checking on module loading
would slow us down and be redundant. All we need to know is where a
module is coming from so we can say yes/no to loading it.

If a file descriptor is used as the source of a kernel module, many more
things can be reasoned about. In Chrome OS's case, we could enforce that
the module lives on the filesystem we expect it to live on.  In the case
of IMA (or other LSMs), it would be possible, for example, to examine
extended attributes that may contain signatures over the contents of
the module.

This introduces a new syscall (on x86), similar to init_module, that has
only two arguments. The first argument is used as a file descriptor to
the module and the second argument is a pointer to the NULL terminated
string of module arguments.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> (merge fixes)

Add the arch symbol prefix (if applicable) to the asm definition of
modsign_certificate_list and modsign_certificate_list_end. This uses the
recently defined SYMBOL_PREFIX which is derived from
CONFIG_SYMBOL_PREFIX.

This fixes the build of module signing on the blackfin and metag
architectures.
Signed-off-by: James Hogan <james.hogan@imgtec.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>

Define SYMBOL_PREFIX to be the same as CONFIG_SYMBOL_PREFIX if set by
the architecture, or "" otherwise. This avoids the need for ugly #ifdefs
whenever symbols are referenced in asm blocks.
Signed-off-by: James Hogan <james.hogan@imgtec.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Cc: Jean Delvare <khali@linux-fr.org>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>

Pull  late workqueue fixes from Tejun Heo:
 "Unfortunately, I have two really late fixes.  One was for a
  long-standing bug and queued for 3.8 but I found out about a
  regression introduced during 3.7-rc1 two days ago, so I'm sending out
  the two fixes together.

  The first (long-standing) one is rescuer_thread() entering exit path
  w/ TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE.  It only triggers on workqueue destructions
  which isn't very frequent and the exit path can usually survive being
  called with TASK_INTERRUPT, so it was hidden pretty well.  Apparently,
  if you're reiserfs, this could lead to the exiting kthread sleeping
  indefinitely holding a mutex, which is never good.

  The fix is simple - restoring TASK_RUNNING before returning from the
  kthread function.

  The second one is introduced by the new mod_delayed_work().
  mod_delayed_work() was missing special case handling for 0 delay.
  Instead of queueing the work item immediately, it queued the timer
  which expires on the closest next tick.  Some users of the new
  function converted from "[__]cancel_delayed_work() +
  queue_delayed_work()" combination became unhappy with the extra delay.

  Block unplugging led to noticeably higher number of context switches
  and intel 6250 wireless failed to associate with WPA-Enterprise
  network.  The fix, again, is fairly simple.  The 0 delay special case
  logic from queue_delayed_work_on() should be moved to
  __queue_delayed_work() which is shared by both queue_delayed_work_on()
  and mod_delayed_work_on().

  The first one is difficult to trigger and the failure mode for the
  latter isn't completely catastrophic, so missing these two for 3.7
  wouldn't make it a disastrous release, but both bugs are nasty and the
  fixes are fairly safe"

* 'for-3.7-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/wq:
  workqueue: mod_delayed_work_on() shouldn't queue timer on 0 delay
  workqueue: exit rescuer_thread() as TASK_RUNNING

8376fe22 ("workqueue: implement mod_delayed_work[_on]()")
implemented mod_delayed_work[_on]() using the improved
try_to_grab_pending().  The function is later used, among others, to
replace [__]candel_delayed_work() + queue_delayed_work() combinations.

Unfortunately, a delayed_work item w/ zero @delay is handled slightly
differently by mod_delayed_work_on() compared to
queue_delayed_work_on().  The latter skips timer altogether and
directly queues it using queue_work_on() while the former schedules
timer which will expire on the closest tick.  This means, when @delay
is zero, that [__]cancel_delayed_work() + queue_delayed_work_on()
makes the target item immediately executable while
mod_delayed_work_on() may induce delay of upto a full tick.

This somewhat subtle difference breaks some of the converted users.
e.g. block queue plugging uses delayed_work for deferred processing
and uses mod_delayed_work_on() when the queue needs to be immediately
unplugged.  The above problem manifested as noticeably higher number
of context switches under certain circumstances.

The difference in behavior was caused by missing special case handling
for 0 delay in mod_delayed_work_on() compared to
queue_delayed_work_on().  Joonsoo Kim posted a patch to add it -
("workqueue: optimize mod_delayed_work_on() when @delay == 0")[1].
The patch was queued for 3.8 but it was described as optimization and
I missed that it was a correctness issue.

As both queue_delayed_work_on() and mod_delayed_work_on() use
__queue_delayed_work() for queueing, it seems that the better approach
is to move the 0 delay special handling to the function instead of
duplicating it in mod_delayed_work_on().

Fix the problem by moving 0 delay special case handling from
queue_delayed_work_on() to __queue_delayed_work().  This replaces
Joonsoo's patch.

[1] http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/1379011/focus=1379012Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reported-and-tested-by: Anders Kaseorg <andersk@MIT.EDU>
Reported-and-tested-by: Zlatko Calusic <zlatko.calusic@iskon.hr>
LKML-Reference: <alpine.DEB.2.00.1211280953350.26602@dr-wily.mit.edu>
LKML-Reference: <50A78AA9.5040904@iskon.hr>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <js1304@gmail.com>

A rescue thread exiting TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE can lead to a task scheduling
off, never to be seen again.  In the case where this occurred, an exiting
thread hit reiserfs homebrew conditional resched while holding a mutex,
bringing the box to its knees.

PID: 18105  TASK: ffff8807fd412180  CPU: 5   COMMAND: "kdmflush"
 #0 [ffff8808157e7670] schedule at ffffffff8143f489
 #1 [ffff8808157e77b8] reiserfs_get_block at ffffffffa038ab2d [reiserfs]
 #2 [ffff8808157e79a8] __block_write_begin at ffffffff8117fb14
 #3 [ffff8808157e7a98] reiserfs_write_begin at ffffffffa0388695 [reiserfs]
 #4 [ffff8808157e7ad8] generic_perform_write at ffffffff810ee9e2
 #5 [ffff8808157e7b58] generic_file_buffered_write at ffffffff810eeb41
 #6 [ffff8808157e7ba8] __generic_file_aio_write at ffffffff810f1a3a
 #7 [ffff8808157e7c58] generic_file_aio_write at ffffffff810f1c88
 #8 [ffff8808157e7cc8] do_sync_write at ffffffff8114f850
 #9 [ffff8808157e7dd8] do_acct_process at ffffffff810a268f
    [exception RIP: kernel_thread_helper]
    RIP: ffffffff8144a5c0  RSP: ffff8808157e7f58  RFLAGS: 00000202
    RAX: 0000000000000000  RBX: 0000000000000000  RCX: 0000000000000000
    RDX: 0000000000000000  RSI: ffffffff8107af60  RDI: ffff8803ee491d18
    RBP: 0000000000000000   R8: 0000000000000000   R9: 0000000000000000
    R10: 0000000000000000  R11: 0000000000000000  R12: 0000000000000000
    R13: 0000000000000000  R14: 0000000000000000  R15: 0000000000000000
    ORIG_RAX: ffffffffffffffff  CS: 0010  SS: 0018
Signed-off-by: Mike Galbraith <mgalbraith@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org

Pull vfs fixes from Al Viro:
 "A bunch of fixes; the last one is this cycle regression, the rest are
  -stable fodder."

* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
  fix off-by-one in argument passed by iterate_fd() to callbacks
  lookup_one_len: don't accept . and ..
  cifs: get rid of blind d_drop() in readdir
  nfs_lookup_revalidate(): fix a leak
  don't do blind d_drop() in nfs_prime_dcache()

Pull RCU fix from Ingo Molnar:
 "Fix leaking RCU extended quiescent state, which might trigger warnings
  and mess up the extended quiescent state tracking logic into thinking
  that we are in "RCU user mode" while we aren't."

* 'core-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  rcu: Fix unrecovered RCU user mode in syscall_trace_leave()

Pull perf fixes from Ingo Molnar:
 "This is mostly about unbreaking architectures that took the UAPI
  changes in the v3.7 cycle, plus misc fixes."

* 'perf-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  perf kvm: Fix building perf kvm on non x86 arches
  perf kvm: Rename perf_kvm to perf_kvm_stat
  perf: Make perf build for x86 with UAPI disintegration applied
  perf powerpc: Use uapi/unistd.h to fix build error
  tools: Pass the target in descend
  tools: Honour the O= flag when tool build called from a higher Makefile
  tools: Define a Makefile function to do subdir processing
  x86: Export asm/{svm.h,vmx.h,perf_regs.h}
  perf tools: Fix strbuf_addf() when the buffer needs to grow
  perf header: Fix numa topology printing
  perf, powerpc: Fix hw breakpoints returning -ENOSPC

Merge tag 'perf-urgent-for-mingo' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/acme/linux into perf/urgent

Pull perf/urgent fixes from Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo:

 - Don't build 'perf kvm stat" on non-x86 arches, fix from Xiao Guangrong.

 - UAPI fixes to get perf building again in non-x86 arches, from David Howells.
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

Pull x86 fixes from Peter Anvin.

This includes the resume-time FPU corruption fix from the chromeos guys,
marked for stable.

* 'x86/urgent' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  x86, fpu: Avoid FPU lazy restore after suspend
  x86-32: Unbreak booting on some 486 clones
  x86, kvm: Remove incorrect redundant assembly constraint

Pull C6X fixes from Mark Salter.

* tag 'for-linus' of git://linux-c6x.org/git/projects/linux-c6x-upstreaming:
  c6x: use generic kvm_para.h
  c6x: remove internal kernel symbols from exported setup.h
  c6x: fix misleading comment
  c6x: run do_notify_resume with interrupts enabled

Pull assorted signal-related fixes from Al Viro:
 "uml regression fix (braino in sys_execve() patch) + a bunch of fucked
  sigaltstack-on-rt_sigreturn uses, similar to sparc64 fix that went in
  through davem's tree.  m32r horrors not included - that one's waiting
  for maintainer."

* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/signal:
  microblaze: rt_sigreturn is too trigger-happy about sigaltstack errors
  score: do_sigaltstack() expects a userland pointer...
  sh64: fix altstack switching on sigreturn
  openrisk: fix altstack switching on sigreturn
  um: get_safe_registers() should be done in flush_thread(), not start_thread()

Pull CIFS fixes from Steve French:
 "Two low risk, small fixes, that fix cifs regressions introduced in
  3.7."

* 'for-linus' of git://git.samba.org/sfrench/cifs-2.6:
  CIFS: Fix wrong buffer pointer usage in smb_set_file_info
  cifs: fix writeback race with file that is growing

Pull remoteproc fix from Ohad Ben-Cohen:
 "A single remoteproc fix for an error path issue reported by Ido Yariv."

* tag 'rproc-3.7-fix' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ohad/remoteproc:
  remoteproc: fix error path of ->find_vqs

Pull target fix from Nicholas Bellinger:
 "So just a single target fix for v3.7.0 this time around from Roland to
  address a aborted command bug w/ tcm_qla2xxx fabric ports.

  Also, there is one outstanding IBLOCK + virtio-blk bug that is still
  being tracked down effecting v3.6.x, but AFAICT thus far this appears
  to be a bug outside of target code."

* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/nab/target-pending:
  target: Fix handling of aborted commands

When a cpu enters S3 state, the FPU state is lost.
After resuming for S3, if we try to lazy restore the FPU for a process running
on the same CPU, this will result in a corrupted FPU context.

Ensure that "fpu_owner_task" is properly invalided when (re-)initializing a CPU,
so nobody will try to lazy restore a state which doesn't exist in the hardware.

Tested with a 64-bit kernel on a 4-core Ivybridge CPU with eagerfpu=off,
by doing thousands of suspend/resume cycles with 4 processes doing FPU
operations running. Without the patch, a process is killed after a
few hundreds cycles by a SIGFPE.

Cc: Duncan Laurie <dlaurie@chromium.org>
Cc: Olof Johansson <olofj@chromium.org>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org> v3.4+ # for 3.4 need to replace this_cpu_write by percpu_write
Signed-off-by: Vincent Palatin <vpalatin@chromium.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1354306532-1014-1-git-send-email-vpalatin@chromium.orgSigned-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>

Pull DRM fixes from Dave Airlie:
 "Just driver fixes, nothing major, except maybe the Ironlake rc6
  disable:

   - intel:
     * revert ironlake rc6 - we still have one ilk regression, but this
       gets rid of one big one
     * turn off cloning
     * a directed fix for Apple edp
   - radeon: one modesetting fix
   - exynos: minor fixes"

* 'drm-fixes' of git://people.freedesktop.org/~airlied/linux:
  radeon: fix pll/ctrc mapping on dce2 and dce3 hardware
  Revert "drm/i915: enable rc6 on ilk again"
  drm/i915: do not default to 18 bpp for eDP if missing from VBT
  drm/exynos: Fix potential NULL pointer dereference in exynos_drm_encoder.c
  drm/exynos: Make exynos4/5_fimd_driver_data static
  drm/exynos: fix overlay updating issue
  drm/exynos: remove unnecessary code.
  drm/exynos: fix linux framebuffer address setting.
  drm/i915: disable cloning on sdvo

Merge misc fixes from Andrew Morton:
 "Seven fixes, some of them fingers-crossed :("

* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (7 patches)
  drivers/rtc/rtc-tps65910.c: fix invalid pointer access on _remove()
  mm: soft offline: split thp at the beginning of soft_offline_page()
  mm: avoid waking kswapd for THP allocations when compaction is deferred or contended
  revert "Revert "mm: remove __GFP_NO_KSWAPD""
  mm: vmscan: fix endless loop in kswapd balancing
  mm/vmemmap: fix wrong use of virt_to_page
  mm: compaction: fix return value of capture_free_page()

Pull ARM SoC fixes from Arnd Bergmann:
 "These are three fixes for the Marvell EBU family and one for the
  Samsung s3c platforms.  All of them are obvious should still make it
  into 3.7."

* tag 'fixes-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc:
  ARM: Kirkwood: Update PCI-E fixup
  Dove: Fix irq_to_pmu()
  Dove: Attempt to fix PMU/RTC interrupts
  ARM: S3C24XX: Fix potential NULL pointer dereference error

Pull ARM ixp4xx bug fixes from Arnd Bergmann:
 "These were originally prepared by Krzysztof Halasa but not submitted
  in time for v3.7 due to some confusion about how ixp4xx patches should
  be handled.  Jason Cooper thankfully offered to help out sending the
  patches upstream through arm-soc now, but given the timing, we could
  as well delay them for 3.8."

* tag 'ixp4xx-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc:
  IXP4xx: use __iomem for MMIO
  IXP4xx: map CPU config registers within VMALLOC region.
  IXP4xx: Always ioremap() Queue Manager MMIO region at boot.
  ixp4xx: Declare MODULE_FIRMWARE usage
  IXP4xx crypto: MOD_AES{128,192,256} already include key size.
  WAN: Remove redundant HDLC info printed by IXP4xx HSS driver.
  IXP4xx: Remove time limit for PCI TRDY to enable use of slow devices.
  IXP4xx: ixp4xx_crypto driver requires Queue Manager and NPE drivers.
  IXP4xx: HW pseudo-random generator is available on IXP45x/46x only.
  IXP4xx: Fix off-by-one bug in Goramo MultiLink platform.
  IXP4xx: Fix Goramo MultiLink platform compilation.

Pull final ARM fix from Russell King:
 "One final fix, spotted by Will, to do with what happens when we boot a
  SMP kernel on UP."

* 'fixes' of git://git.linaro.org/people/rmk/linux-arm:
  ARM: 7586/1: sp804: set cpumask to cpu_possible_mask for clock event device

The tps65910_rtc data is registered as the platform driver data in
_probe(= ).  Therefore the tps65910_rtc should be used on unregistering
the rtc device.  And device pointer should be retrieved from the
platform_device structure.

This patch fixes the below oops:

 Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual address 00000008
 Modules linked in: rtc_tps65910(-)
 CPU: 0    Not tainted  (3.7.0-rc7-next-20121128-g6b1f974-dirty #7)
 PC is at tps65910_rtc_alarm_irq_enable+0x20/0x2c [rtc_tps65910]
     (tps65910_rtc_alarm_irq_enable+0x20/0x2c [rtc_tps65910])
     (tps65910_rtc_remove+0x18/0x28 [rtc_tps65910])
     (platform_drv_remove+0x18/0x1c)
     (__device_release_driver+0x70/0xcc)
     (driver_detach+0xb4/0xb8)
     (bus_remove_driver+0x7c/0xc0)
     (sys_delete_module+0x148/0x21c)
Signed-off-by: Milo(Woogyom) Kim <milo.kim@ti.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

When we try to soft-offline a thp tail page, put_page() is called on the
tail page unthinkingly and VM_BUG_ON is triggered in put_compound_page().

This patch splits thp before going into the main body of soft-offlining.
Signed-off-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi.kleen@intel.com>
Cc: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

With "mm: vmscan: scale number of pages reclaimed by reclaim/compaction
based on failures" reverted, Zdenek Kabelac reported the following

  Hmm,  so it's just took longer to hit the problem and observe
  kswapd0 spinning on my CPU again - it's not as endless like before -
  but still it easily eats minutes - it helps to turn off  Firefox
  or TB  (memory hungry apps) so kswapd0 stops soon - and restart
  those apps again.  (And I still have like >1GB of cached memory)

  kswapd0         R  running task        0    30      2 0x00000000
  Call Trace:
    preempt_schedule+0x42/0x60
    _raw_spin_unlock+0x55/0x60
    put_super+0x31/0x40
    drop_super+0x22/0x30
    prune_super+0x149/0x1b0
    shrink_slab+0xba/0x510

The sysrq+m indicates the system has no swap so it'll never reclaim
anonymous pages as part of reclaim/compaction.  That is one part of the
problem but not the root cause as file-backed pages could also be
reclaimed.

The likely underlying problem is that kswapd is woken up or kept awake
for each THP allocation request in the page allocator slow path.

If compaction fails for the requesting process then compaction will be
deferred for a time and direct reclaim is avoided.  However, if there
are a storm of THP requests that are simply rejected, it will still be
the the case that kswapd is awake for a prolonged period of time as
pgdat->kswapd_max_order is updated each time.  This is noticed by the
main kswapd() loop and it will not call kswapd_try_to_sleep().  Instead
it will loopp, shrinking a small number of pages and calling
shrink_slab() on each iteration.

This patch defers when kswapd gets woken up for THP allocations.  For
!THP allocations, kswapd is always woken up.  For THP allocations,
kswapd is woken up iff the process is willing to enter into direct
reclaim/compaction.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix typo in comment]
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Zdenek Kabelac <zkabelac@redhat.com>
Cc: Seth Jennings <sjenning@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Jiri Slaby <jirislaby@gmail.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Robert Jennings <rcj@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Valdis Kletnieks <Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@gmail.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

It apepars that this patch was innocent, and we hope that "mm: avoid
waking kswapd for THP allocations when compaction is deferred or
contended" will fix the final kswapd-spinning cause.

Cc: Zdenek Kabelac <zkabelac@redhat.com>
Cc: Seth Jennings <sjenning@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Valdis Kletnieks <Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu>
Cc: Jiri Slaby <jirislaby@gmail.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Robert Jennings <rcj@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Kswapd does not in all places have the same criteria for a balanced
zone.  Zones are only being reclaimed when their high watermark is
breached, but compaction checks loop over the zonelist again when the
zone does not meet the low watermark plus two times the size of the
allocation.  This gets kswapd stuck in an endless loop over a small
zone, like the DMA zone, where the high watermark is smaller than the
compaction requirement.

Add a function, zone_balanced(), that checks the watermark, and, for
higher order allocations, if compaction has enough free memory.  Then
use it uniformly to check for balanced zones.

This makes sure that when the compaction watermark is not met, at least
reclaim happens and progress is made - or the zone is declared
unreclaimable at some point and skipped entirely.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Reported-by: George Spelvin <linux@horizon.com>
Reported-by: Johannes Hirte <johannes.hirte@fem.tu-ilmenau.de>
Reported-by: Tomas Racek <tracek@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Johannes Hirte <johannes.hirte@fem.tu-ilmenau.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

I enable CONFIG_DEBUG_VIRTUAL and CONFIG_SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP, when doing
memory hotremove, there is a kernel BUG at arch/x86/mm/physaddr.c:20.

It is caused by free_section_usemap()->virt_to_page(), virt_to_page() is
only used for kernel direct mapping address, but sparse-vmemmap uses
vmemmap address, so it is going wrong here.

  ------------[ cut here ]------------
  kernel BUG at arch/x86/mm/physaddr.c:20!
  invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP
  Modules linked in: acpihp_drv acpihp_slot edd cpufreq_conservative cpufreq_userspace cpufreq_powersave acpi_cpufreq mperf fuse vfat fat loop dm_mod coretemp kvm crc32c_intel ipv6 ixgbe igb iTCO_wdt i7core_edac edac_core pcspkr iTCO_vendor_support ioatdma microcode joydev sr_mod i2c_i801 dca lpc_ich mfd_core mdio tpm_tis i2c_core hid_generic tpm cdrom sg tpm_bios rtc_cmos button ext3 jbd mbcache usbhid hid uhci_hcd ehci_hcd usbcore usb_common sd_mod crc_t10dif processor thermal_sys hwmon scsi_dh_alua scsi_dh_hp_sw scsi_dh_rdac scsi_dh_emc scsi_dh ata_generic ata_piix libata megaraid_sas scsi_mod
  CPU 39
  Pid: 6454, comm: sh Not tainted 3.7.0-rc1-acpihp-final+ #45 QCI QSSC-S4R/QSSC-S4R
  RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff8103c908>]  [<ffffffff8103c908>] __phys_addr+0x88/0x90
  RSP: 0018:ffff8804440d7c08  EFLAGS: 00010006
  RAX: 0000000000000006 RBX: ffffea0012000000 RCX: 000000000000002c
  ...
Signed-off-by: Jianguo Wu <wujianguo@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiang Liu <jiang.liu@huawei.com>
Reviewd-by: Wen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Reviewed-by: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>