apparmor: cache buffers on percpu list if there is lock contention

commit df323337 ("apparmor: Use a memory pool instead per-CPU caches")

changed buffer allocation to use a memory pool, however on a heavily
loaded machine there can be lock contention on the global buffers
lock. Add a percpu list to cache buffers on when lock contention is
encountered.

When allocating buffers attempt to use cached buffers first,
before taking the global buffers lock. When freeing buffers
try to put them back to the global list but if contention is
encountered, put the buffer on the percpu list.

The length of time a buffer is held on the percpu list is dynamically
adjusted based on lock contention.  The amount of hold time is
increased and decreased linearly.

v5:
- simplify base patch by removing: improvements can be added later
  - MAX_LOCAL and must lock
  - contention scaling.
v4:
- fix percpu ->count buffer count which had been spliced across a
  debug patch.
- introduce define for MAX_LOCAL_COUNT
- rework count check and locking around it.
- update commit message to reference commit that introduced the
  memory.
v3:
- limit number of buffers that can be pushed onto the percpu
  list. This avoids a problem on some kernels where one percpu
  list can inherit buffers from another cpu after a reschedule,
  causing more kernel memory to used than is necessary. Under
  normal conditions this should eventually return to normal
  but under pathelogical conditions the extra memory consumption
  may have been unbouanded
v2:
- dynamically adjust buffer hold time on percpu list based on
  lock contention.
v1:
- cache buffers on percpu list on lock contention
Reported-by: Sergey Senozhatsky <senozhatsky@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Georgia Garcia <georgia.garcia@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>

security/apparmor/lsm.c

@@ -49,12 +49,19 @@ union aa_buffer {
 	DECLARE_FLEX_ARRAY(char, buffer);
 };
 
+struct aa_local_cache {
+	unsigned int hold;
+	unsigned int count;
+	struct list_head head;
+};
+
 #define RESERVE_COUNT 2
 static int reserve_count = RESERVE_COUNT;
 static int buffer_count;
 
 static LIST_HEAD(aa_global_buffers);
 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(aa_buffers_lock);
+static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct aa_local_cache, aa_local_buffers);
 
 /*
  * LSM hook functions
@@ -1789,11 +1796,32 @@ static int param_set_mode(const char *val, const struct kernel_param *kp)
 char *aa_get_buffer(bool in_atomic)
 {
 	union aa_buffer *aa_buf;
+	struct aa_local_cache *cache;
 	bool try_again = true;
 	gfp_t flags = (GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_RETRY_MAYFAIL | __GFP_NOWARN);
 
+	/* use per cpu cached buffers first */
+	cache = get_cpu_ptr(&aa_local_buffers);
+	if (!list_empty(&cache->head)) {
+		aa_buf = list_first_entry(&cache->head, union aa_buffer, list);
+		list_del(&aa_buf->list);
+		cache->hold--;
+		cache->count--;
+		put_cpu_ptr(&aa_local_buffers);
+		return &aa_buf->buffer[0];
+	}
+	put_cpu_ptr(&aa_local_buffers);
+
+	if (!spin_trylock(&aa_buffers_lock)) {
+		cache = get_cpu_ptr(&aa_local_buffers);
+		cache->hold += 1;
+		put_cpu_ptr(&aa_local_buffers);
+		spin_lock(&aa_buffers_lock);
+	} else {
+		cache = get_cpu_ptr(&aa_local_buffers);
+		put_cpu_ptr(&aa_local_buffers);
+	}
 retry:
-	spin_lock(&aa_buffers_lock);
 	if (buffer_count > reserve_count ||
 	    (in_atomic && !list_empty(&aa_global_buffers))) {
 		aa_buf = list_first_entry(&aa_global_buffers, union aa_buffer,
@@ -1819,6 +1847,7 @@ char *aa_get_buffer(bool in_atomic)
 	if (!aa_buf) {
 		if (try_again) {
 			try_again = false;
+			spin_lock(&aa_buffers_lock);
 			goto retry;
 		}
 		pr_warn_once("AppArmor: Failed to allocate a memory buffer.\n");
@@ -1830,15 +1859,34 @@ char *aa_get_buffer(bool in_atomic)
 void aa_put_buffer(char *buf)
 {
 	union aa_buffer *aa_buf;
+	struct aa_local_cache *cache;
 
 	if (!buf)
 		return;
 	aa_buf = container_of(buf, union aa_buffer, buffer[0]);
 
-	spin_lock(&aa_buffers_lock);
-	list_add(&aa_buf->list, &aa_global_buffers);
-	buffer_count++;
-	spin_unlock(&aa_buffers_lock);
+	cache = get_cpu_ptr(&aa_local_buffers);
+	if (!cache->hold) {
+		put_cpu_ptr(&aa_local_buffers);
+
+		if (spin_trylock(&aa_buffers_lock)) {
+			/* put back on global list */
+			list_add(&aa_buf->list, &aa_global_buffers);
+			buffer_count++;
+			spin_unlock(&aa_buffers_lock);
+			cache = get_cpu_ptr(&aa_local_buffers);
+			put_cpu_ptr(&aa_local_buffers);
+			return;
+		}
+		/* contention on global list, fallback to percpu */
+		cache = get_cpu_ptr(&aa_local_buffers);
+		cache->hold += 1;
+	}
+
+	/* cache in percpu list */
+	list_add(&aa_buf->list, &cache->head);
+	cache->count++;
+	put_cpu_ptr(&aa_local_buffers);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1880,6 +1928,15 @@ static int __init alloc_buffers(void)
 	union aa_buffer *aa_buf;
 	int i, num;
 
+	/*
+	 * per cpu set of cached allocated buffers used to help reduce
+	 * lock contention
+	 */
+	for_each_possible_cpu(i) {
+		per_cpu(aa_local_buffers, i).hold = 0;
+		per_cpu(aa_local_buffers, i).count = 0;
+		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&per_cpu(aa_local_buffers, i).head);
+	}
 	/*
 	 * A function may require two buffers at once. Usually the buffers are
 	 * used for a short period of time and are shared. On UP kernel buffers